Lightweight Cryptography based Communication Model for Device Identification, Mutual Authentication, and Encryption in a Smart City Environment

Providing security to smart city networks is one of the challenging and demanding tasks in the present days, due to its increased utilization in smart intelligent transportation systems. For this purpose, there are various security protocols and mechanisms that have been developed in the existing works, which targets to establish the reliable and secured communication in smart city networks. However, it limits the major issues of increased computational cost, communication cost, storage overhead, and reduced efficiency. In order to solve these problems, the proposed work intends to design an intelligent security framework by using the Light-weight Cryptography based Communication Model (LCCM). Proposed framework includes the modules of setup initialization, vehicle registration, authentication, key generation, encryption, and decryption. Here, the Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications are performed with reduced cost complexity. For guaranteeing the security of networks, the random value-based key generation, data encryption, and decryption processes are performed. During the performance analysis, various evaluation measures have been used to assess the results of both convention and proposed security protocols. This paper presented a new methodology named as, LCCM for enhancing the security of smart city transportation networks

Characterizations of Distributions by Expected Values of Lower Record Statistics with Spacing

The characterizations of a certain class of probability distributions are established through conditional expectation of lower record values when the conditioned record value may not be the adjacent one. Some of its important deductions are also discussed

Psychology in Malaysia : looking ahead

Psychology touches almost every aspect of our lives, from the self to the family and to society as a whole. lVhat is our nature, how is personality developed or shaped, and why do people behave the way they do? Why and how are people different in their intelligence and temperaments and can we treat abnonnal behaviors with psychological techniques? These and many other questions arise in our minds at least some time in our lives. Especially in the modern world when man has advanced tremendously in science and technolog}~ he has yet to comprehend his own selfand his fellow beings for increased selfand mutual understanding that would hopefully result in a more harmonious world. There are many views on human behaviors and mental processes offered by psychologists. The development of modem psychology has taken place mostly in the West, particularly in the United State

Development of Cloud Computing and Security Issues

In past three decades, the computing world is based on the Internet, featured by the rapid development and application of computer technology. The cloud computing model is one of the very important  shapes of a new era. This technology based on the distributed  computing, parallel computing, grid computing, Virtualization technologies, property- based remote attestation technologies, etc.  The cloud computing market and development are growing rapidly and bringing up numerous challenges and big  security issues of the today's world. Some  issues concern on the cloud computing is  the security and confidentiality of user data in terms of its location, relocation, availability and security. In this paper we will focus on the basic way of cloud computing development, growths and common security issues arising from the usage of cloud services. Keywords: Cloud computing, Security, Saas, Cloud Security, Internet

EVALUATION OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF NIGELLA SATIVA OIL SUPPLEMENTATION IN PATIENTS OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate efficacy and safety of add-on therapy of Nigella sativa oil in patients of stage 3 and 4 of chronic kidney disease (CKD).Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care center of north India in stage 3 and 4 patients of CKD. It was a prospective,comparative, and open label study. Patients were randomly divided into two interventional groups. Group I (Control) received conservativemanagement of CKD while Group II (Test) received conservative management along with N. sativa oil (2.5 mL, per orally, once daily) for 12 weeks.Hemogram and renal function tests were done, and adverse events were recorded at 0, 6, and 12 weeks of treatment.Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, there was a progressive improvement in clinical features and biochemical parameters in both the groups, but itwas more marked in the test group compared to control group. Both groups showed gradual improvement in the biochemical parameters as comparedto their pre-treated values which were more marked in N. sativa oil supplemented group. There was a reduction in blood glucose, blood urea, serumcreatinine, and 24-hr total urine protein. There was an increase in hemoglobin, 24-hr total urine volume, and glomerular filtration rate.Conclusion: N. sativa oil supplementation along with conservative management is efficacious and safe in averting the progression of disease in stage 3and 4 patients of CKD.Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Nigella sativa oil, End-stage renal disease, Glomerular filtration rate

Analyzing the trends of natural resources rents of Pakistan

An attempt was made to reveal the trends of natural resources in graphical form. Rental incomes which contribute to GDP were taken into account. For this purpose, economic statistics of Pakistan was taken from World Bank’s published data source. Data was put in SPSS-20 and comparative analysis chart was created to obtain the objectives. Results revealed no significant constant or linear trends in any factor of natural resources. It was concluded that oil and natural gas contributed significantly in the start of 21st Century. Mineral has been treated as neglected factor in contributing to GDP. A research can further expand to explore more trends of rental incomes in different regions of world. We would like to express our gratitude towards initial reviewer of draft and thank to people who helped us in completion of this study

Clinical evaluation of diaphyseal femoral fractures operated in lateral decubitus position with interlocking nail

Background: The diaphyseal fractures of femur in adults are conventionally treated in supine position on traction table, which carries risk of compartment syndrome, pudendal nerve palsy, whereas in lateral decubitus position these complications can be avoided with additional advantage of easy access to greater trochanter particularly in obese patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes of femur diaphyseal fractures treated with intramedullary interlocking nail in lateral decubitus position.Methods: In this study 40 patients with femur diaphysea fractures were treated with intramedullary interlocking nail in lateral decubitus position, were studied for a period of 9 months from September 2019 to May 2020.Results: At the end of our study of 40 patients, outcome is graded according Thoresen’s criteria where 22 (55%) patients had excellent results with full, pain-free, function of the extremity and 11 (27.5%) patients had good result; 10 patients had range of motion 1200 and shortening of femur by 1.5 was observed in 1 patient. There were 6 (15%) patients with fair result; with range of motion 900 and 1 poor result (2.5%) had non-union with range of motion <900.Conclusions: Fixation of femur diaphyseal fracture in lateral decubitus position leads to easy access to the proximal femur making it easy to establish an entry point for an intramedullary device and it significantly eliminates the complications caused by other conventionally used methods

Analyzing the trends of natural resources rents of Pakistan

An attempt was made to reveal the trends of natural resources in graphical form. Rental incomes which contribute to GDP were taken into account. For this purpose, economic statistics of Pakistan was taken from World Bank’s published data source. Data was put in SPSS-20 and comparative analysis chart was created to obtain the objectives. Results revealed no significant constant or linear trends in any factor of natural resources. It was concluded that oil and natural gas contributed significantly in the start of 21st Century. Mineral has been treated as neglected factor in contributing to GDP. A research can further expand to explore more trends of rental incomes in different regions of world. We would like to express our gratitude towards initial reviewer of draft and thank to people who helped us in completion of this study

Factors Affecting Part-time Students Performance in Pakistan

This research is concerned about part-time student performance within higher educational institutions in Pakistan. Part-time students contain a significant share of the student population. In the perspective of working students as part-time studying, there are some significant factors that should be considered seriously to perform well. This research was examined to find the relationship of soft skills (motivation to learn, stress, time management) among part time-students’ performance in south Punjab of Pakistan. Primary data was collected from a sample of 140 part-time enrolled students. Correlation and regression analysis were tested in this research. The result showed that time management was the most significant factor of student performance. Same as stress has significant but negative correlation with student performance. The study concluded that these soft skills have significant importance with the part-time working student performance