On the Nonlocality of the Quantum Channel in the Standard Teleportation Protocol

By exhibiting a violation of a novel form of the Bell-CHSH inequality, Zukowski has recently established that the quantum correlations exploited in the standard perfect teleportation protocol cannot be recovered by any local hidden variables model. Allowing the quantum channel state in the protocol to be given by any density operator of two spin-1/2 particles, we show that a violation of a generalized form of Zukowski's teleportation inequality can only occur if the channel state, considered by itself, violates a Bell-CHSH inequality. On the other hand, although it is sufficient for a teleportation process to have a nonclassical fidelity-defined as a fidelity exceeding 2/3-that the channel state employed violate a Bell-CHSH inequality, we show that such a violation does not imply a violation of Zukowski's teleportation inequality or any of its generalizations. The implication does hold, however, if the fidelity of the teleportation exceeds $2/3(1+1/2\sqrt{2})\approx .90$, suggesting the existence of a regime of nonclassical values of the fidelity, less than .90, for which the standard teleportation protocol can be modelled by local hidden variables.Comment: 9 pages, no figures, submitted to PR

Hyperentangled States

We investigate a new class of entangled states, which we call 'hyperentangled',that have EPR correlations identical to those in the vacuum state of a relativistic quantum field. We show that whenever hyperentangled states exist in any quantum theory, they are dense in its state space. We also give prescriptions for constructing hyperentangled states that involve an arbitrarily large collection of systems.Comment: 23 pages, LaTeX, Submitted to Physical Review

Calibration of GENEActiv accelerometer wrist cut-points for the assessment of physical activity intensity of pre-school aged children

This study sought to validate cut-points for use of wrist worn GENEActiv accelerometer data, to analyse preschool children’s (4 to 5 year olds) physical activity (PA) levels via calibration with oxygen consumption values (VO2). This was a laboratory based calibration study. Twenty-one preschool children, aged 4.7 ± 0.5 years old, completed six activities (ranging from lying supine to running) whilst wearing the GENEActiv accelerometers at two locations (left and right wrist), these being the participants’ non-dominant and dominant wrist, and a Cortex face mask for gas analysis. VO2 data was used for the assessment of criterion validity. Location specific activity intensity cut points were established via Receiver Operator Characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. The GENEActiv accelerometers, irrespective of their location, accurately discriminated between all PA intensities (sedentary, light, and moderate and above), with the dominant wrist monitor providing a slightly more precise discrimination at light PA and the non-dominant at the sedentary behaviour and moderate and above intensity levels (Area Under the Curve (AUC) for non-dominant = 0.749-0.993, compared to AUC dominant = 0.760-0.988). Conclusion: This study establishes wrist-worn physical activity cut points for the GENEActiv accelerometer in pre-schoolers.N/

Defining a 3-dimensional trishear parameter space to understand the temporal evolution of fault propagation folds

The application of trishear, in which deformation occurs in a triangular zone in front of a propagating fault tip, is often used to understand fault related folding. A key element of trishear, in comparison to kink-band methods, is that non-uniform deformation within the triangle zone allows the layer thickness and length to change during deformation. By varying three controlling parameters independently (trishear propagation/slip ratio, trishear apical angle and fault dip), we construct a three-dimensional parameter space to demonstrate the variability of resultant geometry feasible with trishear. We plot published natural examples in this parameter space and identify two clusters and show that the most applicable typical trishear propagation/slip ratio is 2to3, while the trishear apical angle varies from 30° to 100°. We propose that these findings can help estimate the best-fit parameters for natural structures. We then consider the temporal evolution of specific geometric examples and factors that increase the complexity of trishear including: (1) fault-dip changes and (2) pre-existing faults.To illustrate the applicability of the parameter space and complex trishear models to natural examples, we apply our results to a sub-surface example from the Qaidam basin in northern Tibetan Plateau

Fielding specific walk/run patterns in English professional Cricket

Incricket research,players are typically categorizedby role. However, players of a certain role, for instance fast bowlers may not consistently field in the same positionwhich leadsto inaccurate representations of the physical demands of fielding. To identify fielding specific movement demandsacross three cricket formats(4 multi-day, 6 one day, 4 T20),14 professional male cricketershadpositional movements determinedwith10Hz Optimeye S5 (Catapult, Melbourne, Australia) global positioningsystem (GPS)units. Players observed fielding in 35 common cricket locations were described as either being in a stationary catching, 30m ring or boundary position. Data were totalled inmovement velocities bands: Walking ( 25 km/h), and further classified intolow intensity running (walking and jogging) or high intensity running (HIR).The HIR running was significantly different for each fielding position within each game format. Boundary fielders covered the most HIR distance per hour (930 ± 1085 m/h) in One day compared to multi-day (889 ± 435 m/h) and Twenty20 (T20) (628 ± 438 m/h) formats. Similarly, 30m ringfieldersalso covered relatively greater distance in the One day format (594 ± 286 m/h) compared to multi-day and T20 formats (227± 345, 170 ± 165 m/h) respectively. The catching positions had similar hourly demands between Multi-day (370 ± 291 m/h) and One day (385 ± 342 m/h) formats. This study identifies that the boundary positions havethe greatestHIR demands across all three cricket formats. When setting a field,captains should be mindful not only of position-specific skill requirements, but also of movement speed, fitness characteristics and within-session recovery needs of players. This information is able to better inform cricket’s physical preparation coaches and tacticians

Forgotten Plotlanders: Learning from the survival of lost informal housing in the UK.

Colin Ward’s discourses on the arcadian landscape of ‘plotlander’ housing are unique documentations of the anarchistic birth, life, and death of the last informal housing communities in the UK. Today the forgotten history of ‘plotlander’ housing documented by Ward can be re-read in the context of both the apparently never-ending ‘housing crisis’ in the UK, and the increasing awareness of the potential value of learning from comparable informal housing from the Global South. This papers observations of a previously unknown and forgotten plotlander site offers a chance to begin a new conversation regarding the positive potential of informal and alternative housing models in the UK and wider Westernised world

Treatable Trait Guided Asthma Management: A Feasibility Study

Background and Objectives: Treatable trait‐based personalised medicine improves outcomes in severe asthma clinics. We assessed the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of protocolised treatable trait‐guided asthma management in patients not under a severe asthma clinic. Methods: Ten week single‐group cohort study. Participants had a doctor's diagnosis of asthma, Asthma Control Questionnaire‐5 (ACQ‐5) score > 1, and ≥ 1 exacerbation in the last year. Intervention: biomarker‐guided asthma medication according to a protocolised algorithm, targeting traits of type‐2 inflammation and airflow obstruction. Feasibility outcomes: recruitment rates, acceptability of intervention, willingness to enrol in an RCT, need for ‘extended’ trait assessment after 10 weeks, and estimation of trait prevalence. Results: Recruitment ceased with 29/50 participants after 14 months due to difficulties associated with COVID‐19. Recruitment rate: 29/118 (25%) of those invited to participate (95% CI 17 to 33). 24/26 (92%) participants found the intervention acceptable and were willing to participate in a future study. After 10 weeks, 65% remained not well controlled (ACQ‐5 > 1) and would have required the ‘extended’ assessment. Participants had a mean (SD) 4.8 (2.3) of 13 traits assessed. ACQ‐5 improved during the study by −1.0 (0.3 to 1.8) units, and post‐bronchodilator airflow limitation reduced from 59% of participants to 35%. 12/29 (41%) participants received continuous oral corticosteroids at some point during the study. Conclusion: Protocolised treatable trait management was acceptable to participants, associated with significant clinical benefit, and a full RCT appears feasible. Targeting type‐2 inflammation and airflow obstruction was insufficient to control asthma in the majority of patients, despite marked systemic corticosteroid exposure. Trial Registration: ACTRN1262000093593