Reactive Oxygen Species and the Regulation of Hyperproliferation in a Colonial Hydroid

Colonies of Podocoryna carnea circulate gastrovascular fluid among polyps via tubelike stolons. At polyp-stolon junctions, mitochondrion-rich cells in part regulate this gastrovascular flow. During competition, colonies hyperproliferate nematocytes and stolons; nematocysts are discharged until one colony is killed. Hyperproliferation then ceases, and normal growth resumes. Here, competing colonies were treated with azide, which inhibits respiration and upregulates reactive oxygen species (ROS). After the cessation of competition, azide-treated colonies continued to hyperproliferate. In azide-treated competing colonies, however, mitochondrion-rich cells were found to produce similar amounts of ROS as those in untreated competing colonies. Subsequent experiments showed that both azide treatment and competition diminished the lumen widths at polyp-stolon junctions, where mitochondrion-rich cells are found. In competing colonies, these diminished widths may also diminish the metabolic demand on these cells, causing mitochondria to enter the resting state and emit more ROS. Indeed, results with two fluorescent probes show that mitochondrion- rich cells in competing colonies produce more ROS than those in noncompeting colonies. In sum, these results suggest that competition perturbs the usual activity of mitochondrion- rich cells, altering their redox state and increasing ROS formation. Via uncharacterized pathways, these ROS may contribute to hyperproliferation

The intramolecular, stereoselective addition of sulfoximine carbanions to electron deficient alkenes

Abstract only availableChiral Benzothiazine play important roles in synthetic organic chemistry since they can be used in the preparation of enantiomerically pure compounds. We have studied the synthesis of these species using the intramolecular, stereo selective addition of sulfoximine carbanions to general electron deficient alkenes. Details on the synthesis of starting material and cyclization reaction will be presented.Stevens' Chemistry Progra

Hierarchical hybrid cognitive cards methodology in the decision support system development for scientific and medical centers

In this article, the authors of the ongoing study appeal to the problem of IT products development and implementation for improving the effectiveness of health institutions and organizations, namely decision support systems and expert systems. The article provides a brief description of existing approaches and justifies a methodology based on the concept of hierarchical hybrid cognitive maps, developed by the authors at the moment

О возможности синтеза ультрадисперсного нитрида алюминия плазмодинамическим методом

This paper presents the results on plasma dynamic synthesis of ultrafine aluminum nitride in system based on coaxial magnetoplasma accelerator. The synthesized product without additional preparation was studied by X-ray diffractometry and transmission electron microscopy methods. It was found that the synthesized product has almost 50 mass percent of the necessary phase. The most of particles have hexagonal structure with average sizes equal to 100-150 nm, which were attributed to the phase of hexagonal AlN

Diboryldiborenes: pi-conjugated B4 chains isoelectronic to the butadiene dication

sp2–sp3 diborane species based on bis(catecholato)diboron and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are subjected to catechol/bromide exchange selectively at the sp3 boron atom. The reduction of the resulting 1,1-dibromodiborane adducts led to reductive coupling and isolation of doubly NHC-stabilized 1,2-diboryldiborenes. These compounds are the first examples of molecules exhibiting pi-electron delocalization over an all-boron chain

Thiophosphoramide‐Based Cooperative Catalysts for Brønsted Acid Promoted Ionic Diels–Alder Reactions

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102243/1/anie_201307133_sm_miscellaneous_information.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/102243/2/13424_ftp.pd

Long-Term Band Encounters of Rehabilitated North American Eagles

Between 1973 and 2020, 122 Golden Eagles and 115 Bald Eagles submitted to veterinary medical rehabilitation were banded and released upon recovery in three western states. Adults of both species comprised the most commonly banded age class of rehabilitated (rehab) eagles. Bald Eagles admitted for toxins spent less time in rehabilitation than for those admitted for collision trauma. Encounter (band read for any reason) data from banded eagles provided by the Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL) were analyzed and fitted to appropriate functions in an attempt to describe underlying distributions inherent in the data. Up to March 2020, 28 (12.2%) rehab eagles had been encountered. Encounter rate was 7.4% for rehab Golden Eagles and 16.5% for rehab Bald Eagles, slightly different than those reported by BBL overall (8.0%, 12.2%, respectively). All Golden Eagles were recovered (encountered dead) but 26.3% of Bald Eagles were encountered alive. Days in rehabilitation were not different between species or between Bald Eagles encountered dead or alive. Sex ratio of encountered eagles was not different from ratio of banded eagles of either species. Median time between release and encounter for Golden Eagles was 1.75 yr and 1.42 yr for Bald Eagles. Median distance from banding to encounter site for Golden Eagles was 7.5 km and 115.7 km for Bald Eagles. Number of encounters per year was not related to number of rehab eagles banded that year or for any year previous. Encounters of live Bald Eagles > 30 yr old are discussed. Rehab Golden Eagles may have originated predominantly from western Canada and Alaska while Bald Eagles may have been a mix of a local, non-latitudinal migratory population and seasonal latitudinal migrants. Small sample sizes and lack of precise encounter data prevents utility of rehab eagle encounters to contribute to demographic vital rate estimates needed for effective management of either species. Banding rehab eagles may not justify the manpower investment by BBL required to manage data from banders that band rehab eagles exclusively. Falconry training may be warranted to increase survival potential of rehab Golden Eagles. If recent trends continue, increased rehabilitation effort focused on Golden Eagles may be warranted