Konsep Toleransi Perspektif Islamic Worldview (Tinjauan Historis Interaksi Islam Dengan Agama Lain Masa Nabi Muhammad SAW.)

Kata Toleransi merupakan istilah yang pertama kali muncul dalam kebudayaan Barat. Ia berkembang dengan corak yang khas dengan pemikiran Barat yang liberal. Ironisnya, istilah toleransi yang dipahami oleh barat, lambat laun banyak diadopsi tanpa kritik dalam pemikiran Islam oleh beberapa intelektual Muslim. Mungkin ada beberapa kesamaan pemahaman tentang toleransi dibarat dan Islam. Namun demikian ada perbedaan yang cukup fundamental tentang penafsiran toleransi dalam sejarah peradaban Islam dan barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap konsep toleransi perspektif Islamic worldview dengan mempelajari pola interaksi antara umat Islam dengan pemeluk agama lain yang terjadi pada masa Nabi Muhammad saw. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dan termasuk riset kepustakaan (library research). Yang menjadi bahan kajian adalah bukubuku sejarah tentang interaksi antara umat Islam dengan pemeluk agama lain yang terjadi pada masa Nabi Muhammad saw. Setelah dilakukan seleksi dengan menggunakan metode analisis historis, berupa deskripsi terhadap permasalahan, sehingga bisa didapatkan pemahaman yang menyeluruh terhadap masalah yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Telah terjadi interaksi antara umat Islam dengan pemeluk agama lain pada masa Nabi Muhammad saw. 2) Interaksi tersebut menunjukkan tentang adanya konsep toleransi dalam Islam. 3) Konsep toleransi perspektif Islamic worldview memiliki bentuk dan karakteristiknya tersendiri yang sesuai syari’at Islam

Role of underappreciated vectors in malaria transmission in an endemic region of Bangladesh-India border

Background Despite the efforts of the National Malaria Control Programme, malaria remains as an important public health problem in Bangladesh, particularly in the south-eastern region bordering India. Successful malaria control strategies rely on a detailed understanding of the underlying causes of malaria transmission. Here, an entomological survey was conducted in a malaria endemic area of Bangladesh bordering India to investigate the Anopheles mosquito community and assess their Plasmodium infection status. Methods Monthly entomological collections were undertaken from October 2010 to September 2011 in five villages in the Matiranga sub-district, Khagrachari district in Bangladesh, bordering the Indian State of Tripura. CDC miniature light traps were placed inside houses to collect adult Anopheles mosquitoes. Following morphological and molecular identification of the female Anopheles mosquitoes collected, they were screened for circumsporozoite proteins (CSP) of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), Plasmodium vivax-210 (Pv-210) and Plasmodium vivax-247 (Pv-247), by ELISA to determine natural infection rates. Variation in Anopheles species composition, relative abundance and Plasmodium infection rates were analysed between sampled villages. Results A total of 2,027 female Anopheles were collected, belonging to 20 species. Anopheles nivipes was the most abundant species in our test villages during the peak malaria transmission season, and was observed sympatrically with An. philippinensis in the studied area. However, in the dry off-peak season, An. jeyporiensis was the most abundant species. Shannon’s diversity index was highest in October (2.12) and evenness was highest in May (0.91). The CSP ELISA positive rate overall was 0.44%. Anopheles karwari (n = 2), An. barbirostris s.l. (n = 1) and An. vagus (n = 1) were recorded positive for Pf. Anopheles kochi (n = 1) was positive for Pv-210 while An. umbrosus (n = 1), An. nivipes (n = 1) and An. kochi (n = 1) were positive for Pv-247. A mixed infection of Pf and Pv-247 was detected in An. barbirostris s.l.. Conclusion High diversity of Anopheles species was observed in areas close to the international border where species that were underestimated for malaria transmission significantly outnumbered principal vector species and these may play a significantly heightened role in malaria transmission

Service Gaps of a Banking System: A case study on Basic Bank

Financial liberalization has led to intense competitive pressures and private banks dealing in retail banking are consequently directing their strategies towards increasing service quality level which fosters customer satisfaction and loyalty through improved service quality. This article examines the influence of perceived service quality on customer satisfaction. In this paper, we have used SERVQUAL as a technique to measure service quality and identify gaps in a BASIC Bank. The results of this study showed that there are service quality gaps between customers' expectations and their perceptions in six dimensions. In this issue paying attention to the effective factors on customers' expectations and its relationship with services quality is one of the important issues of the evaluation of services quality. For this purpose, the recent research was performed based on gap analysis model with the purpose of investigating the quality of banking services on the level of BASIC Bank. It was concluded after determining the desirable services from the standpoints of the customers (investigating customers' expectations) and its effective factors and also the examination of the current status of services quality (customers' understandings) that BASIC Bank responses to customers' expectations in all of the branches under investigation and the understood services quality has been always more than services quality expected by the customers. Keywords: Service Gap, Service Quality, SERVQUAL Model, Service Quality Gap, Perceived Service

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF MAJOR VECTOR MOSQUITOES OF BANGLADESH

Mosquito-borne diseases are considered major contributors to vector-borne diseases, threatening more than eighty per cent of the global population. Pest management depends on proper identification techniques. The barcode region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene of mitochondrial DNA has recently been proposed as a systematic tool, functional in taxonomy and evolutionary study for species definition. This work is the first attempt to identify the main vector mosquito species from Bangladesh based on the MT-COI gene. Eleven vector mosquitos were identified. AT content (69%) was found to be higher than GC content (31%) at the COI barcode region of the mosquito. The interspecific genetic divergence range of medically important mosquitoes was 0.01-0.21. Haplotype analysis revealed that Mansonia annulifera diverged highly from its immediate ancestor by the highest mutational steps (59). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that species belonging to the same family were in the same major clade. Overall, our findings contribute to a better method of identifying major vector mosquito species by COI genes and for implementing management measures against mosquito pests in Bangladesh

In vitro antioxidant, reducing power, free radical scavenging and membrane stabilizing activities of seeds of Syzygium cumini L.

Different extractives of Syzygium cumini seeds were evaluated by free radical (DPPH) scavenging assay, phosphomolybdenum total antioxidant assay and reducing power determination in order to identify promising sources of antioxidants along with its membrane stabilizing activity. The total phenolic content was also determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent. Here, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and ascorbic acid (ASA) were used as standard antioxidants. The membrane stabilizing activity was assessed by using erythrocytes in hypotonic solution and was compared with acetyl salicylic acid. A positive correlation was observed between total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity as well as reducing power of S. cumini having correlation coefficient (R2 ) values of 0.8177 and 0.9818, respectively. In the present studies, the methanol extract and its aqueous and petroleum ether soluble partitionates demonstrated significant antioxidant potentials.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Nationally-representative serostudy of dengue in Bangladesh allows generalizable disease burden estimates.

Serostudies are needed to answer generalizable questions on disease risk. However, recruitment is usually biased by age or location. We present a nationally-representative study for dengue from 70 communities in Bangladesh. We collected data on risk factors, trapped mosquitoes and tested serum for IgG. Out of 5866 individuals, 24% had evidence of historic infection, ranging from 3% in the north to >80% in Dhaka. Being male (aOR:1.8, [95%CI:1.5-2.0]) and recent travel (aOR:1.3, [1.1-1.8]) were linked to seropositivity. We estimate that 40 million [34.3-47.2] people have been infected nationally, with 2.4 million ([1.3-4.5]) annual infections. Had we visited only 20 communities, seropositivity estimates would have ranged from 13% to 37%, highlighting the lack of representativeness generated by small numbers of communities. Our findings have implications for both the design of serosurveys and tackling dengue in Bangladesh

A Computational analysis on Lectin and Histone H1 protein of different pulse species as well as comparative study with rice for balanced diet

The issue of balanced nutrition is of great concern to human. Meat and fish are the best sources of protein. The affordability of these resources for people in developing countries is less. Thus, there is an increasing interest in pulses and its derivates as an alternative to fish and meat. Lectin and histone H1 are the most common proteins in various pulses and our interest is in identifying the dominant essential amino acids in them for use as supplements. However, actin and lectin are common among Oryza Sativa and cicer arietinum. We describe the amount of lectin and histone H1 in cicer arietinum, Lens culinaris and Pisum sativum in a comparative manner. cicer arietinum was found to contain more essential amino acids than Lens culinaris and Pisum sativum. The secondary structures of lectin and histone H1 protein were analyzed to gain functional inferences in these species. The comparative study shows the relatively poor presence of the amino acid methionine in most pulses. However, Oryza Sativa was found to contain sufficient methionine. The study shows that pulses (especially cicer arietinum) were a suitable alternative source to meat and fish for Lectin and Histone H1 balance. Hence, pulses could be suggested with rice for balanced protein diet

Depression and Behavioral Changes Associated with Social Media Dependency During COVID-19 Pandemic Among University Students in Bangladesh: A Cross- Sectional Study

Background: With its rapid spread, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had a detrimental effect on students’ psychological well-being, depression, and behavioral changes due to indefinite educational leaves, lockdowns, restricted outdoor activities, and excess use of social media. This study aims to assess the relationship of social media exposure with the psychological well-being, depression, and behavioral changes of Bangladeshi university students. Methods: A web-based cross-sectional survey was carried out on 530 students from June 17 to July 10, 2020, to evaluate psychological well-being, depression, behavioral changes, and social media exposure via self-reported measures. Results: The prevalence of factors were as follows: poor psychological well-being was 24.9%; moderate to severe depression was 56.6%; severe behavioral changes was 32.1%; and of moderate to severe addiction to social media exposure was 38.3%. All factors were positively associated with social media exposure. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the addiction of participants to social media was 7.488 times higher with severe behavioral changes (OR: 7.488; 95% CI 4.708–11.909), 2.299 times higher with poor psychological functioning (OR: 2.299; 95% CI 1.421–3.721), 30.54 times higher with severe depressed (OR: 30.54; 95% CI 15.0–62.177) than that of individuals without such symptoms. Conclusions: The above findings imply that the government needs to pay greater attention to improve the overall situation of Bangladeshi university students

Una observación hacia los procesos asistidos por computadora en la producción de prendas de vestir. Comparación y análisis de software CAD/CAM en Bangladesh

This research paper inquires about different attributes of Computer-aided processes in garments production. This perspective Research was done by our courageous team from 2021 to 2022. It reveals adequate information on the Garments industry's Intension and criteria for choosing CAD/CAM software. For the sake of this Research, we visited more than 600 industries to gather raw data; Every Industry tried to attend this Research from a different region of Bangladesh willingly. After collecting all raw data from the garments industry. The data of the Garments industry was coordinated by Excel program. Consequently, the data was analyzed and implemented statistically to identify the Garments Industry attribute for satisfaction with CAD/CAM software. This process also detects many challenges and defines and advises a proper solution to the problems that the Garments industry is facing in the current situation. This research paper demonstrates adequate information about the Garment's criteria and demand in purchasing garments Computer-aided software.Este trabajo de investigación indaga sobre los diferentes atributos de los procesos asistidos por computadora en la producción de prendas de vestir. Esta investigación de perspectiva fue realizada por nuestro valiente equipo de 2021 a 2022. Revela información adecuada sobre la intención de la industria de la confección y los criterios para elegir el software CAD/CAM. Por el bien de esta investigación, visitamos más de 600 industrias para recopilar datos sin procesar; Cada industria trató de asistir a esta investigación desde una región diferente de Bangladesh de buena gana. Después de recopilar todos los datos sin procesar de la industria de la confección. Los datos de la industria de Vestuario fueron coordinados por el programa Excel. En consecuencia, los datos se analizaron e implementaron estadísticamente para identificar el atributo de la industria de la confección para la satisfacción con el software CAD/CAM. Este proceso también detecta muchos desafíos y define y aconseja una solución adecuada a los problemas que enfrenta la industria de la confección en la situación actual. Este trabajo de investigación demuestra información adecuada sobre los criterios de la prenda y la demanda en la compra de prendas Software asistido por computadora

Computational analysis of mixed convection in a channel with a cavity heated from different sides.

A computational work is performed in this paper to analyze the heat transfer, temperature distribution and flow field in a channel with a cavity heated from different sides. Flow inlets to the channel are uniform. Constant magnetic field is applied to the channel as Ha = 10, Prandtl number is chosen as Pr = 0.7 and Reynolds number is fixed at Re = 100. Finite element method is used to solve governing equations. Three different cases were considered based on heater position in the cavity at the left vertical side (Case 1), bottom side (Case 2) and right vertical side (Case 3). It is found that the highest heat transfer is obtained when the isothermal heater is located at the right vertical wall