Analysis of DNA damage using the comet assay method in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients receiving 177Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy

Aim: To evaluate possible DNA damage in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients receiving 177Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy using the comet assay method. Methods: Prospectively included patients were divided into four groups: a control group and three treatment groups receiving 2, 4, and 6 cycles, respectively. Agarose-coated comet assay slides were prepared using samples obtained from routine blood tests before treatment, and electrophoresis was performed to detect DNA damage. Descriptive statistics, normality tests, and multiple comparison tests were performed. Results: Forty-five patients with a mean age of 75.5, Gleason scores of 3+4, 4+3, 4+5, and 5+5, and ECOG performance scores of 0/1, 2, and 3 were included in the study. In a valid Comet assay analysis, a similar number of cells were examined in the four treatment groups without any statistical differences. Group analyses revealed statistically significant differences between DNA damage levels. Specifically, the number of stage 0 cells showed a significant difference between the 0-2 and 4-6 cycles groups, while the number of cells with moderate/high levels of damage showed similarities between the 4-6 cycles groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrates an increase in DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes with cumulative doses in prostate cancer patients treated with 177Lu-PSMA. These findings contribute to the understanding of the relationship between DNA damage during the treatment process and treatment cycles. &nbsp

Matrix metalloproteinase-9, neuron-specific enolase, S100 B and tau protein levels in the patients with carbon monoxide poisoning

Background: S100B, NSE, MMP-9, and Tau protein levels increase in cases causing hypoxic cell damage. The diagnosis of the severity of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in the early period of these parameters was studied. Material and Methods: COHb level measurement was made using a signal capture CO-pulse oximeter (Masimo's SET Rainbow, Masimo's Co, USA) at the first admission of the patients. Then, COHb levels were confirmed by arterial blood gas(ABG) analysis. The patients were divided into two groups as mild and moderate-severe, according to their Glasgow coma scores (GCS) [Mild (14–15); Moderate (9–13) or Severe (3–8)]. The control group was composed of 16 healthy and non-smoking volunteers. Results: The serum S100B protein and MMP-9 values at 0 hr of admission in the hospital and 3hr of treatment were not significantly different in the patient group as compared to the control group. Tau protein levels were significantly higher in the patient group at 0 and 3 hours (p> 0.05) as compared to healthy person. Conclusion: There was no relationship between CO poisoning and MMP-9 and S100B protein levels. NSE and Tau protein were significantly higher in the patient group than the control group. Tau protein may be more useful marker as compared to neuron-specific enolase.Firat University Scientific Research Projects Management Uni

Development of mesoporous magnetic nanoparticles supported idarubicin and investigation of apoptotic and cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines

Background: Many methods are used for cancer treatment, especially chemotherapy. In addition to the their therapeutic effects, chemotherapeutic drugs also have serious disadvantages, such as not being cell and tissue-specific, causing toxicity in many tissues, and developing drug resistance. Many methods, especially nanocarriers, have been designed to overcome these disadvantages. Methods and results: In this study, we synthesized mesoporous silica iron oxide nanoparticles with different pore diameters and loaded idarubicin (6MFe3O4-NH2-IDA and 35MFe3O4-NH2-IDA). The synthesized molecules were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, and SEM methods. The cytotoxic effects of unbound idarubicin and idarubicin-loaded nanoparticles on MCF7 and HL-60 cell lines were examined by MTT test. Additionally, the expression of anti-apoptotic (Survivin and BCL-2) and apoptotic (BAX, PUMA, and NOXA) genes of the nanoparticles were measured by PCR method. As a result of the analyses, it was seen that nanoparticles with the desired properties and sizes were synthesized. In MTT analysis, it was observed that both nanoparticles dramatically decreased the IC50 value in cell lines. However, the 35MFe3O4-NH2-IDA molecule was found to have lower IC50 values. IC50 values ​​for pristine IDA, 6MFe3O4-NH2, and 35MFe3O4-NH2 at 24 h were found to be 3.56, 1.24 and 0.25 µM in the MCF7 cell line and 4.15, 1.16 and 0.34 µM in the HL-60 cell line, respectively. Additionally, apoptotic gene expression increased, and anti-apoptotic gene expression decreased. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the effectiveness of idarubicin can be significantly enhanced by its application with mesoporous nanocarriers. This enhancement is attributed to the controlled release of idarubicin from the nanocarrier, which circumvents drug resistance mechanisms, improves drug solubility, and increases the drug-carrying capacity per unit volume due to the porous structure of the carrier. These findings underscore the potential of the synthesized nanocarrier in cancer treatment and provide a clear direction for future research in this field

Imparting of Nearly Superparamagnetic Properties to Cryogel Scaffolds With Mesoporous MNPs for Magneto-Sensitive Tissue Engineering Strategies

This work reports the assembly of mesoporous iron oxide nanoparticles (meso-MNPs) with cryogel scaffolds composed of chitosan and gelatin. Meso-MNPs with a particle size ranging from 2 and 50 nm, a surface area of 140.52 m2 g-1, and a pore volume of 0.27 cm3 g-1 were synthesized on a porous SiO2 template in the presence of PEG 6000 followed by leaching of SiO2. Different ratios of meso-MNPs were successfully incorporated into chitosan:gelatin cryogels up to an amount equivalent to the entire amount of polymer. The morphological structure and physicochemical properties of the cryogels were directly affected by the amount of MNPs. VSM curves showed that all composite cryogels could be magnetized by applying a magnetic field. In the context of the safety of magnetic cryogel scaffolds for use in biomedicine, it is important to note that all values are below the exposure limit for static magnetic fields, and according to cytotoxicity data, scaffolds containing meso-MNPs showed nontoxicity with cell viability ranging from 150% to 275%. In addition, microbial analysis with gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria showed that the scaffolds exhibited activity against these bacteria. imag

The Effect of Domestic Violence During Pregnancy on Cortisol Hormone Release, Breastfeeding, and Newborn

This study was conducted to determine the effect of domestic violence during pregnancy on the cortisol hormone release, preterm birth, low birth weight, and breastfeeding status. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 255 pregnant women in a Family Health Centre in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey between October 2017 and August 2018. The questionnaire, DVWDS (Domestic Violence to Women Determination Scale) and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale were used to collect the data. In the present study, the pregnant women were followed up three times. The first follow-up was applied to the pregnant women in the second trimester, the second follow-up was applied to those in the third trimester, and the third follow-up was applied to the postpartum women. At each follow-up from newborn, cortisol hormone level was taken with saliva and evaluated. It was determined that 9.8% of the pregnant women participating in the study were exposed to violence by their partners. An important result was found that those who were exposed to domestic violence during their pregnancy gave birth in the 37th week ( p &lt; 0.05). It was seen that the babies of those exposed to domestic violence during pregnancy had a higher mean cortisol hormone level ( p &lt; 0.05). It was found that the mean score of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale in the third follow-up was lower for those who were exposed to domestic violence during pregnancy than those who were not ( p &lt; 0.05). It was observed during the pregnancy that domestic violence affected cortisol hormone secretion, breastfeeding after birth and newborn health. </jats:p

The effect of heterophilic antibody interference in thyroglobulin measurement on different immunoassay devices

Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is a biochemical marker used in the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), but heterophile antibody interference may limit the clinical use of Tg

The Effect of Domestic Violence During Pregnancy on Cortisol Hormone Release, Breastfeeding, and Newborn

This study was conducted to determine the effect of domestic violence during pregnancy on the cortisol hormone release, preterm birth, low birth weight, and breastfeeding status. The cross-sectional study was conducted with 255 pregnant women in a Family Health Centre in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey between October 2017 and August 2018. The questionnaire, DVWDS (Domestic Violence to Women Determination Scale) and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale were used to collect the data. In the present study, the pregnant women were followed up three times. The first follow-up was applied to the pregnant women in the second trimester, the second follow-up was applied to those in the third trimester, and the third follow-up was applied to the postpartum women. At each follow-up from newborn, cortisol hormone level was taken with saliva and evaluated. It was determined that 9.8% of the pregnant women participating in the study were exposed to violence by their partners. An important result was found that those who were exposed to domestic violence during their pregnancy gave birth in the 37th week (p < 0.05). It was seen that the babies of those exposed to domestic violence during pregnancy had a higher mean cortisol hormone level (p < 0.05). It was found that the mean score of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale in the third follow-up was lower for those who were exposed to domestic violence during pregnancy than those who were not (p < 0.05). It was observed during the pregnancy that domestic violence affected cortisol hormone secretion, breastfeeding after birth and newborn health