Investigating Effective Factors in Maxillary Sinus Membrane Rupture and Its Treatment Methods: A Review

Introduction: Maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) surgery is a reliable treatment for patients with atrophic posterior maxilla, which can be performed concurrently with or after implant installation. This study aimed to estimate the rate of sinus membrane perforation (SMP) during MSFA surgeries and examine various risk factors associated with SMP. The efficacy of perforation treatments was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: A systematic search of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases was conducted using the search terms: Implant AND Sinus AND Membrane AND Risk factor. Statistical analyses and graph creation were performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) version 3. A total of 635 publications were screened, and 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 1362 patients who underwent 1603 MSFA surgeries through the lateral window technique (LWT). Results: The prevalence of maxillary sinus membrane perforation among patients who had implants placed was 40.8% (Event: 0.331, 95% CI: 0.26-0.4). Implants placed near repaired perforated membranes demonstrated an average survival rate of 97.68%, whereas implants placed on intact sinus membranes had an average survival rate of 98.88%. Infection was identified as the primary complication associated with the repair of perforated sinus membranes. Conclusion: Despite the high incidence of sinus membrane perforation during MSFA surgeries, the survival rates of implants near repaired membranes are comparable to those placed on intact membranes. Appropriate antibiotic prescriptions can prevent infections, contributing to favorable surgical outcomes. Keywords: Maxillary sinus; Membrane rupture; Antibiotics; Survival rate

Inhibitory Effect of NMDA Receptors in the Ventral Tegmental Area on Hormonal and Eating Behavior Responses to Stress in Rats

Background. Stress and its consequences are among the causes of accidents. Objective. The effects of intraventral tegmental area (I-VTA) memantine on the plasma corticosterone and eating parameters disturbance induced by acute stress were investigated. Methods. Male Wistar rats (W: 250–300 g) were divided into control and experiential groups, each of which received memantine either intra-VTA or peripherally. One week after bilateral cannulation, the rats received memantine (1 and 5 μg/Rat) five min before electroshock stress. The other experimental groups received memantine (1 and 5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally 30 min before stress. The control groups received saline or memantine but did not experience stress. Food and water intake and plasma corticosterone level were recorded. Results. Results showed that stress decreases food intake but does not change water intake and increase in plasma corticosterone level. Intraperitoneal memantine administration slightly inhibits the stress effects on food intake. However, water intake and plasma corticosterone level were increased. Intra-VTA memantine reduces the effects of stress on corticosterone and water intake. Conclusion. It could be concluded that inhibition of glutamate NMDA receptors in the VTA by memantine leads to the inhibition of the eating behavior parameters and plasma corticosterone level disturbance induced by stress in rats

Epidemiology of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Retrospective Chart Review of 150 Korean Patients

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronically painful and disabling disorder. However, no data are available even on the epidemiology of CRPS in Korea. This study was undertaken to retrospectively assess the epidemiologic characteristics of CRPS in 150 consecutive patients at a tertiary chronic pain center from March 2002 to February 2006. Information was obtained regarding patients' demographics, nature of injury, and treatment modalities. Seventy-one percent of patients had CRPS type I. The mean 11-point verbal numerical rating scale score at initial examinations and at the time of study were 8.0 and 5.7, respectively. Thirty-two percent of patients showed no change or increase in pain intensity during follow-up at our pain center. The mean duration of CRPS symptoms prior to our pain center evaluation and prior to the time of study were 27 months and 50 months, respectively. These patients had seen on average 5 different physicians before being referred to our center. This study shows that the majority of CRPS patients were referred to our center after more than 2 yr of symptoms. The clinical implication of such delayed transfer and strategies to avoid this problem are discussed

Disparities in Stage at Diagnosis for Oral Cavity and Pharyngeal Cancer in Florida: The Impact of Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors

This study investigates the impact of demographic and socioeconomic factors on stage at diagnosis for oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer (OPC) in Florida, emphasizing disparities in early detection.We analyzed OPC cases diagnosed between 2005 and 2021 using data from the Florida Cancer Data System. Sociodemographic and clinical factors&mdash;including age, gender, race/ethnicity, marital status, insurance status, poverty level, smoking status, and region of residence&mdash;were assessed for their association with advanced-stage diagnosis using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, estimating adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) at P Among 30,478 OPC patients, most were male (75.1%) and non-Hispanic White (79.7%), with peak prevalence among those aged 55&ndash;64. Advanced-stage diagnoses were significantly more common in Black patients (aOR = 1.55), current smokers (aOR = 1.34), and residents of high-poverty areas (aOR = 1.24). Medicaid recipients and uninsured individuals had 1.83 and 1.77 times the odds of late-stage diagnosis compared to those with private insurance. Site-based disparities were observed: salivary gland (aOR = 1.6) and pharyngeal cancers (aOR = 1.7) were more likely to present at an advanced stage than oral cavity cancers. Being married was protective (aOR = 0.78).Persistent disparities disproportionately affect Black individuals, smokers, those in poverty, and the uninsured. Barriers such as poor access, healthcare mistrust, and limited culturally competent care may delay diagnosis. Raising awareness, promoting early symptom recognition, and expanding access to screening&mdash;particularly through telemedicine&mdash;are essential for reducing late-stage diagnoses and improving equity.</p

Emotional styles of drug addicts in methadone maintenance programs: Evaluation and comparison

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between different dimensions of Cloninger's tridimensional personality questionnaire in drug addicts. To do this, ninety addicts were randomly selected from different opiate treatment clinics and the questionnaire was administered to them. Our results showed that there was no significant difference between the novelty seeking scale, compared to that of non-addicts. However, there was a significant difference between the harm avoidance and reward dependence scales with those of the non-addicts. These results are discussed in the context of the literature

The psychological effects of minimal electrical stimulations of the amygdala in male rats

AbstractThe male rats with electrodes implanted in the amygdale with (control) or without daily electrical stimulations (ES) were evaluated for behavioural changes.The animals in the test group showed significantly lower conflict, struggles, and movements for connection to the setup or trying to exit after ES when compared to the control group. The animals under ES became silent, less active, and compatible other rats without resistance for handling.These findings showed that ES has induced a conditional state behaviour to the setup like opioids that can induce euphoria. This procedure may be useful for treatment of drug dependence

Assessment of reward dependence and its subscales in drug addicts and non addicts

AbstractA great deal of research has studied the personality profiles of drug addicts using different questionnaires one of which is that of Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory questionnaire. The significance of this questionnaire is that it explains the underlying biological mechanisms of different dimensions of personality. One such dimension is Reward Dependence (RD). Although some studies have attempted to assess personality profiles of addicts using this questionnaire, none of them have specifically studied the subscales of reward dependence in opiate dependent individuals in opiate addicts. Thus, the purpose of the present study is to address this issue in Iranian population of opiate addicts. Specifically, addicts (n=73) and non addicts (n=50) were randomly selected and administered the reward dependence of the TCI questionnaire. According to results of this study, there was no significant difference in reward dependence and its subscales of addicts with that of the non-addicts. Such findings are discussed in the context of literature