Military markets for solar thermal electric power systems

The Department of Defense maintains an inventory of over 1,800 MW of engine-generators 15 KW and larger, with an estimated procurement rate of over 140 MW/year. Nearly the entire requirement could be met by advanced heat engines of the types being developed as point-focussing, distributed receiver power plants. A conceptual system consisting of a heat engine which efficiently burns liquid fossil or synthetic fuels, with a 'solarization kit' for conversion to hybrid solar operation could meet existing DOD requirements for new systems which are quieter, lighter, and multi-fueled. An estimated 24 percent (33 MW/year) or more could operationally benefit from the solar option. Baseline cost projections indicate levelized energy cost goals of 210 to 120 mills/KWh (15 to 1000 KW systems). Fuel cost escalation is the major factor affecting the value of the solar option. A baseline calculation for fuel at $0.59/gal in spring, 1979, escalating at 8 percent above general inflation indicates a value of$2700/KWe for a solarization kit

USAF solar thermal applications overview

Process heat applications were compared to solar thermal technologies. The generic process heat applications were analyzed for solar thermal technology utilization, using SERI's PROSYS/ECONOMAT model in an end use matching analysis and a separate analysis was made for solar ponds. Solar technologies appear attractive in a large number of applications. Low temperature applications at sites with high insolation and high fuel costs were found to be most attractive. No one solar thermal technology emerges as a clearly universal or preferred technology, however,, solar ponds offer a potential high payoff in a few, selected applications. It was shown that troughs and flat plate systems are cost effective in a large number of applications

Dialog eller elektronisk oppslagstavle? : Tolv tippeligaklubbers bruk av sosiale medier som kommunikasjonsplattform

Stadig flere organisasjoner benytter seg av profiler på sosiale medier. Noen benytter det til å markedsføre seg selv, mens andre bruker det til å kommunisere med sine interessenter. Sosiale medier tilbyr organisasjoner og virksomheter større friheter til å bli kjent med sine egne brukere og interessenter. Gjennom åpenhet og dialogisk kommunikasjon blir både organisasjon og interessent mer avhengige av hverandre og det skapes sterkere relasjoner. I denne oppgaven vil tolv fotballklubber bli satt under lupen. Undersøkelsen vil se om klubbene benytter seg av som dialogisk kommunikasjon i sosiale medier for å føre nettopp dialog med egne supportere og dermed skape tettere bånd mellom klubb og supporter. Gjennom analysen diskuteres det om og hvordan dialog blir brukt. Tilstedeværelsen fører til at klubbene blir mer åpne, samtidig som det gir dem utfordringer med tanke på hvordan de skal bruke de nye mediene til både kommunikasjon og relasjonsbygging

Effects of the secondary decays on the isotopic thermometers

The sharp microcanonical multifragmentation model from [Al. H. Raduta and Ad. R. Raduta, Phys. Rev. C 55, 1344 (1997); Phys. Rev. C, in press] is employed for evaluating the nuclear caloric curve predictions of nine isotopic thermometers for three representative nuclei. Evaluations are performed for both primary decay and asymptotic stages. Effects of the secondary decays on the primary decay caloric curves are evidenced and discussed. In both cases a dispersive character of the isotopic caloric curves with increasing the source excitation energy is observed. A procedure of calibrating the isotopic thermometers on the microcanonical predictions for both primary decay and asymptotic stages is proposed. The resulting set of calibrating parameters for each thermometer is independent on the source size, on its excitation energy and, in the case of the primary decay, on the freeze-out radius assumption.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures, Nuclear Physics A, in pres

MERADGEN 1.0: Monte Carlo generator for the simulation of radiative events in parity conserving doubly-polarized Moller scattering

The Monte Carlo generator MERADGEN 1.0 for the simulation of radiative events in parity conserving doubly-polarized Moller scattering has been developed. Analytical integration wherever it is possible provides rather fast and accurate generation. Some numerical tests and histograms are presented.Comment: 23 pages, 4 figure

Liquid-Gas Phase Transition in Nuclear Equation of State

A canonical ensemble model is used to describe a caloric curve of nuclear liquid-gas phase transition. Allowing a discontinuity in the freeze out density from one spinodal density to another for a given initial temperature, the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition can be described as first order. Averaging over various freeze out densities of all the possible initial temperatures for a given total reaction energy, the first order characteristics of liquid-gas phase transition is smeared out to a smooth transition. Two experiments, one at low beam energy and one at high beam energy show different caloric behaviors and are discussed.Comment: 12 pages in Revtex including two Postscript figure

Entwicklung eines verkehrsbezogenen und bewusstseinsbildenden Multimodalitätstools für ländliche Räume

Multimodales Mobilitätsverhalten, also die bewusste Nutzung unterschiedlicher Verkehrsmittel für die alltägliche Mobilität, kann einen Beitrag zur nachhaltigen Mobilität leisten. Ziel ist es, starre Mobilitätsmuster zu reflektieren, gegebenenfalls aufzubrechen und optimierte Transportlösungen zu finden, die die ökonomischen, ökologischen und sozialen Strukturen sicherstellen. Das Forschungsprojekt MULTMOTIV widmete sich dieser Aufgabenstellung am Untersuchungsbeispiel des ländlichen Raumes. Dabei wurde die aktuelle Wissenslage über multimodales Verkehrsverhalten von Personen, die im ländlichen Raum wohnen, verbessert, erstmalig österreichweit Multimodalität umfassend erhoben und darauf aufbauend in einem partizipativen Prozess Werkzeuge, Maßnahmen und Methoden sowie ein Konzept für ein verkehrsbezogenes und bewusstseinsbildendes Multimodalitätstool für die Planung, Politik, Umsetzung und Evaluierung im Kontext der Multimodalität ausgearbeitet

Liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclei

In a finite temperature Thomas-Fermi framework, we calculate density distributions of hot nuclei enclosed in a freeze-out volume of few times the normal nuclear volume and then construct the caloric curve, with and without inclusion of radial collective flow. In both cases, the calculated specific heats $C_v$ show a peaked structure signalling a liquid-gas phase transition. Without flow, the caloric curve indicates a continuous phase transition whereas with inclusion of flow, the transition is very sharp. In the latter case, the nucleus undergoes a shape change to a bubble from a diffuse sphere at the transition temperature.Comment: Proc. of 6th Int. Conf. on N-N Collisions (Gatlinburg); Nuclear Physics A (in press