Call me Alix, not Elix: vowels are more important than consonants in own-name recognition at 5 months.

Consonants and vowels differ acoustically and articulatorily, but also functionally: Consonants are more relevant for lexical processing, and vowels for prosodic/syntactic processing. These functional biases could be powerful bootstrapping mechanisms for learning language, but their developmental origin remains unclear. The relative importance of consonants and vowels at the onset of lexical acquisition was assessed in French-learning 5-month-olds by testing sensitivity to minimal phonetic changes in their own name. Infants' reactions to mispronunciations revealed sensitivity to vowel but not consonant changes. Vowels were also more salient (on duration and intensity) but less distinct (on spectrally based measures) than consonants. Lastly, vowel (but not consonant) mispronunciation detection was modulated by acoustic factors, in particular spectrally based distance. These results establish that consonant changes do not affect lexical recognition at 5 months, while vowel changes do; the consonant bias observed later in development does not emerge until after 5 months through additional language exposure

Philanthropy of Pesantren Towards Socio-Economic Welfare (Study At Markaz Bayt Al-Musaadah Social Institution, Mambaus Sholihin Gresik Islamic Boarding School)

Cases of misuse of social funds have slowed down welfare programs for the poor and dhuafa'. The establishment of Markaz Bayt Al-Musa'adah under Pesantren Mambaus Sholihin provides a breath of fresh air, with pesantren now required not only to produce a generation that understands religion, but also as a pillar of Islamic sharia economics. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach to explore the economic empowerment and management of philanthropic funds by Markaz Bayt Al-Musa'adah of Pesantren Mambaus Sholihin Gresik. This method involves in-depth data collection and various sources of information as well as participation in the field. The results show that Markaz Bayt Al-Musa'adah has implemented community economic empowerment through skills training programs and assistance to underprivileged students. The management of social funds is carried out transparently and accountably based on the principles of Islamic philanthropy, with managers working without taking profits, solely for the sake of Allah and the intention of khidmah to the caregiver

Design and Development Of A Learning Media Introducing Wali Songo Using Augmented Reality For Fifth Grade Elementary School Students

Seiring berkembangnya teknologi di Indonesia seperti sekarang ini, metode pembelajaran PAI tentang pengenalan Wali Songo yang yang masih konvensional membuat siswa cenderung mengalami kejenuhan. Terlebih lagi pandemi COVID 19 yang menjadikan sekolah daring membuat siswa tidak dapat menerima pelajaran dengan sempurna. Salah satu cara untuk membantu kegiatan belajar mengajar adalah menggunakan game edukasi.maka dari itu penelitian ini membuat aplikasi game pengenalan wali songo sehingga dapat meningkatkan minat siswa terhadap pengenalan wali songo. Game ini dibangun dengan menggunakan aplikasi Unity sebagai game engine dan bahasa pemrogaman C#. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus, sedangkan metode pengembangan perangkat lunaknya menggunakan metode waterfall. Menggunakan Blackbox testing untuk pengujian sistem dan pengujian pretest posttest untuk mengetahui minat dari user. Aplikasi ini berjalan semestinya dan teruji di blackbox testing, pretest, postest, dan kuisioner yang di lakukan dengan user Kata

Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Pasir Silika Limbah Sandblasting dan Fly Ash untuk Beton HVFA-SCC

Beton High Volume Fly Ash (HVFA) merupakan campuran beton yang menggunakan fly ash dengan persentase fly ash yang digunakan lebih dari 50%. Adanya kandungan bahan kimia silika dan alumina, yang membuat fly ash memiliki sifat pozzolanik seperti semen, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menjadi material pengganti semen. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan melakukan pembuatan beton high volume fly ash - self compacting concrete (HVFA-SCC) yang memanfaatkan limbah sandblasting sebagai pengganti agregat halus dan limbah fly ash sebagai pengganti semen yang akan dibandingkan dengan beton normal dan beton HVFA menggunakan pasir biasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komposisi beton HVFA dengan variasi campuran 40% limbah fly ash dengan substitusi pasir silika limbah sandblasting menghasilkan kuat tekan sebesar 21,03 MPa pada usia beton 28 hari. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, pasir silika limbah sandblasting dapat berpotensi menjadi substitusi agregat halus pada beton HVFA dan termasuk ke dalam jenis beton mutu sedang yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai beton bertulang

Hand-worn Haptic Interface for Drone Teleoperation

Drone teleoperation is usually accomplished using remote radio controllers, devices that can be hard to master for inexperienced users. Moreover, the limited amount of information fed back to the user about the robot's state, often limited to vision, can represent a bottleneck for operation in several conditions. In this work, we present a wearable interface for drone teleoperation and its evaluation through a user study. The two main features of the proposed system are a data glove to allow the user to control the drone trajectory by hand motion and a haptic system used to augment their awareness of the environment surrounding the robot. This interface can be employed for the operation of robotic systems in line of sight (LoS) by inexperienced operators and allows them to safely perform tasks common in inspection and search-and-rescue missions such as approaching walls and crossing narrow passages with limited visibility conditions. In addition to the design and implementation of the wearable interface, we performed a systematic study to assess the effectiveness of the system through three user studies (n = 36) to evaluate the users' learning path and their ability to perform tasks with limited visibility. We validated our ideas in both a simulated and a real-world environment. Our results demonstrate that the proposed system can improve teleoperation performance in different cases compared to standard remote controllers, making it a viable alternative to standard Human-Robot Interfaces.Comment: Accepted at the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 202

Lexical stress and phonetic processing in word learning in 20- to 24-month-old English-learning children

PubMed ID: 2147719

Differential processing of consonants and vowels in the auditory modality: A cross-linguistic study

International audienceFollowing the proposal by Nespor, Peña, and Mehler (2003) that consonants are more important in constraining lexical access than vowels, New, Araújo, and Nazzi (2008) demonstrated in a visual priming experiment that primes sharing consonants (jalu-JOLI) facilitate lexical access while primes sharing vowels do not (vobi-JOLI). The present study explores if this asymmetry can be extended to the auditory modality and whether language input plays a critical role as developmental studies suggest. Our experiments tested French and English as target languages and showed that consonantal information facilitated lexical decision to a greater extent than vocalic information, suggesting that the consonant advantage is independent of the language’s distributional properties. However, vowels are also facilitatory, in specific cases, with iambic English CVCV or French CVCV words. This effect is related to the preservation of the rhyme between the prime and the target (here, the final vowel), suggesting that the rhyme, in addition to consonant information and consonant skeleton information is an important unit in auditory phonological priming and spoken word recognition

PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI AGREGAT HALUS DENGAN PASIR SILIKA LIMBAH SANDBLASTING TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK BETON HVFA

Pemanfaatan pasir silika limbah sandblasting sebagai agregat halus dan fly ash sebagai substitusi semen pada beton dapat mengurangi volume limbah di industri. Penelitian ini mengkaji sifat mekanik dan sifat fisik beton HVFA (High Volume Fly Ash) meliputi kuat tekan, porositas, densitas dan water absorption. Sifat-sifat tersebut memberikan indikasi kemudahan dimana cairan dapat masuk ke dalam dan bergerak melalui beton. Beton HVFA yang menggunakan agregat halus pasir biasa dengan substitusi fly ash terhadap semen sebesar 40% dibandingkan dengan beton normal. Selanjutnya, beton HVFA tersebut dibandingkan dengan beton HVFA dengan agregat halus yang disubstitusi pasir silika limbah sandblasting. Kuat tekan beton HVFA dengan pasir biasa ditemukan sebesar 44,8 MPa. Nilai ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan kuat tekan beton normal sebesar 33,2 MPa. Sedangkan beton HVFA dengan agregat halus pasir silika mempunyai kuat tekan 21,0 MPa. Porositas dan water abrosption beton HVFA dengan agregat halus pasir biasa lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan beton normal dan lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan beton HVFA dengan agregat halus limbah sandblasting. Densitas beton HVFA dengan agregat halus pasir biasa ditemukan paling tinggi dibandingkan dua jenis beton yang lain. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa substitusi semen dengan fly ash memberikan dampak menaikkan kualitas beton, baik sifat fisik maupun mekanik. Di sisi lain, substitusi agregat halus dengan pasir silika limbah sandblasting menyebabkan penurunan kualitas beton, baik sifat fisik maupun mekanik

ANALYTICAL METHOD BY HPLC-DAD ALLOWS QUANTIFICATION OF QUERCETIN MARKER IN STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF ANADENANTHERA COLUBRINA VAR. CEBIL

Objective: The Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brennan var. cebil is a medicinal plant that has been used for the treatment of many diseases in the northeastern region of Brazil. This plant contains secondary metabolites such as quercetin, a flavonoid that is known by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this work is to propose the validation of an analytical method using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) for the quantification of quercetin and standardization of the hydroalcoholic extract (HAE) of A. colubrina.Methods: The A. colubrina extracts were prepared by the maceration process with powdered leaves at 20% weight: volume (w/v) and a hydroalcoholic solution at 50% volume: volume (v/v) for 120 h at room temperature. After pretreatment of the hydroalcoholic extract, the quercetin marker was used for quantification and proceeded to the evaluation of validation parameters for the method using HPLC-DAD.Results: The analytical method proved to be specific. Linear over the range 1.4–26.6 µg/ml, regression analysis showed a good correlation coefficient (R2= 0.999); the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.27 and 0.81 μg/ml respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) did not exceed 2.5% for precision. The proposed method was validated with an average recovery of 92.5–97.5%.Conclusion: The method was validated using HPLC-DAD, allowing the quantification of quercetin in the standardisation process of extracts and quality control of the herbal drug containing A. colubrina Phyto complex

Comparaison des races bovines Charolaise, Limousine et Maine-Anjou en race pure et en intercroisement 3. Performances d'abattage des taurillons purs et F1

Cette étude concerne les performances d’abattage à 15 et 18 mois de 219 taurillons issus d’un croisement diallèle entre les races Charolaise, Limousine et Maine-Anjou et de 24 taurillons Hereford. Les résultats des quatre races, des trois types génétiques croisés et d’hétérosis sont donnés pour le rendement d’abattage, la composition, la morphologie et la compacité de carcasse. Le rendement vrai de la race Limousine est nettement meilleur que celui des races Charolaise et Maine-Anjou (69,5 vs 67,8 et 66,8 points à 15 mois, 71,1 vs 68,3 et 67,2 points à 18 mois), la race Hereford étant très éloignée de celles-ci (63,6 et 64,2 points respectivement à 15 et 18 mois). Les écarts observés entre races pour la proportion de muscle de la carcasse sont très importants : respectivement 7,6 et 12,7 points à 15 et 18 mois entre les races Limousine et Hereford. A 15 mois, la Charolaise et la Maine-Anjou accusent pour le même critère des handicaps respectifs de 1,8 et 4,7 points sur la Limousine. Ces écarts sont plus importants à 18 mois : respectivement 3,3 et 7,4 points. Ces différences sont évidemment compensées par la proportion d’os mais surtout par celle du gras. La race Limousine présente en particulier une proportion de gras de carcasse identique à 15 et à 18 mois (12 points), alors que cette proportion augmente chez la Charolaise (12,4 à 13,9 points) et surtout chez la Maine-Anjou (14,5 à 17,5 points). La Hereford, qui a une proportion d’os proche de celle de la Charolaise, a des résultats très défavorables pour la proportion de gras de la carcasse (18,1 et 23,7 points respectivement à 15 et 18 mois). Le rapport muscle/os est significativement plus élevé chez la Limousine, intermédiaire chez la Charolaise et faible pour la Maine-Anjou et la Hereford. En terme de poids total de muscle, et grâce à sa supériorité de rendement d’abattage et de composition de carcasse, la race Charolaise compense complètement le handicap de croissance (Bonaïti et al., 1988) qu’elle a sur la Maine-Anjou ; la Limousine ne parvient à égaler ces deux races que peu avant 18 mois. Les effets d’hétérosis, obtenus pour l’ensemble des caractères, sont faibles et non significatifs.A total of 219 young bulls produced from a diallel cross between Charolais, Limousin and Maine-Anjou breeds as well as 24 Hereford purebreds were slaughtered, after fattening, at 15 or 18 months. Results of the four breeds, the three crosses and heterosis are given for killing out percentage, carcass composition and morphology. The Limousin breed gave a higher killing out percentage than Charolais and Maine-Anjou (69.5 vs 67.8 and 66.8 points at 15 months, 71.1 vs 68.3 and 67.2 at 18 months). Hereford gave a much lower killing out percentage (respectively 63.6 and 64.2 points at 15 and 18 months). Differences in muscle percentage were very large : respectively 7.6 and 12.7 points at 15 and 18 months between Limousin and Hereford. At 15 months, Charolais and Maine-Anjou were 1.1 and 4.7 points below Limousin ; these differences were larger at 18 months (3.3 and 7.4 points respectively). Fat proportion remained constant between 15 and 18 months for Limousin (12 points), but increased for Charolais (12.4 to 13.9 points) and still more for Maine-Anjou (14.5 to 17.5 points). Hereford had a very high fat proportion : 18.1 and 23.7 points respectively. The muscle/bone ratio was significantly higher for Limousin, intermediate for Charolais and similarly low for Maine-Anjou and Hereford. Muscle thickness of Limousin and Charolais was superior to both Maine-Anjou and Hereford. With respect to total muscle yield, the differences in dressing percentage and carcass composition offset the superiority of Maine-Anjou in growth at 15 and 18 months for Charolais and a little before 18 months for Limousin. Heterosis effects were small and not significant