A global fit study on the new agegraphic dark energy model

We perform a global fit study on the new agegraphic dark energy (NADE) model in a non-flat universe by using the MCMC method with the full CMB power spectra data from the WMAP 7-yr observations, the SNIa data from Union2.1 sample, BAO data from SDSS DR7 and WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey, and the latest measurements of $H_0$ from HST. We find that the value of $\Omega_{k0}$ is greater than 0 at least at the 3$\sigma$ confidence levels (CLs), which implies that the NADE model distinctly favors an open universe. Besides, our results show that the value of the key parameter of NADE model, $n=2.673^{+0.053+0.127+0.199}_{-0.077-0.151-0.222}$, at the 1--3$\sigma$ CLs, where its best-fit value is significantly smaller than those obtained in previous works. We find that the reason leading to such a change comes from the different SNIa samples used. Our further test indicates that there is a distinct tension between the Union2 sample of SNIa and other observations, and the tension will be relieved once the Union2 sample is replaced by the Union2.1 sample. So, the new constraint result of the NADE model obtained in this work is more reasonable than before.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures; typos correcte

Exploring the full parameter space for an interacting dark energy model with recent observations including redshift-space distortions: Application of the parametrized post-Friedmann approach

Dark energy can modify the dynamics of dark matter if there exists a direct interaction between them. Thus a measurement of the structure growth, e.g., redshift-space distortions (RSD), can provide a powerful tool to constrain the interacting dark energy (IDE) models. For the widely studied $Q=3\beta H\rho_{de}$ model, previous works showed that only a very small coupling ($\beta\sim\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$) can survive in current RSD data. However, all these analyses had to assume $w>-1$ and $\beta>0$ due to the existence of the large-scale instability in the IDE scenario. In our recent work [Phys. Rev. D 90, 063005 (2014)], we successfully solved this large-scale instability problem by establishing a parametrized post-Friedmann (PPF) framework for the IDE scenario. So we, for the first time, have the ability to explore the full parameter space of the IDE models. In this work, we reexamine the observational constraints on the $Q=3\beta H\rho_{de}$ model within the PPF framework. By using the Planck data, the baryon acoustic oscillation data, the JLA sample of supernovae, and the Hubble constant measurement, we get $\beta=-0.010^{+0.037}_{-0.033}$ ($1\sigma$). The fit result becomes $\beta=-0.0148^{+0.0100}_{-0.0089}$ ($1\sigma$) once we further incorporate the RSD data in the analysis. The error of $\beta$ is substantially reduced with the help of the RSD data. Compared with the previous results, our results show that a negative $\beta$ is favored by current observations, and a relatively larger interaction rate is permitted by current RSD data.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Testing models of vacuum energy interacting with cold dark matter

We test the models of vacuum energy interacting with cold dark matter and try to probe the possible deviation from the $\Lambda$CDM model using current observations. We focus on two specific models, $Q=3\beta H\rho_{\Lambda}$ and $Q=3\beta H\rho_c$. The data combinations come from the Planck 2013 data, the baryon acoustic oscillations measurements, the type-Ia supernovae data, the Hubble constant measurement, the redshift space distortions data and the galaxy weak lensing data. For the $Q=3\beta H\rho_c$ model, we find that it can be tightly constrained by all the data combinations, while for the $Q=3\beta H\rho_{\Lambda}$ model, there still exist significant degeneracies between parameters. The tightest constraints for the coupling constant are $\beta=-0.026^{+0.036}_{-0.053}$ (for $Q=3\beta H\rho_{\Lambda}$) and $\beta=-0.00045\pm0.00069$ (for $Q=3\beta H\rho_c$) at the $1\sigma$ level. For all the fit results, we find that the null interaction $\beta=0$ is always consistent with data. Our work completes the discussion on the interacting dark energy model in the recent Planck 2015 papers. Considering this work together with the Planck 2015 results, it is believed that there is no evidence for the models beyond the standard $\Lambda$CDM model from the point of view of possible interaction.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures; final version published in Physical Review

Neutrinos in the holographic dark energy model: constraints from latest measurements of expansion history and growth of structure

The model of holographic dark energy (HDE) with massive neutrinos and/or dark radiation is investigated in detail. The background and perturbation evolutions in the HDE model are calculated. We employ the PPF approach to overcome the gravity instability difficulty (perturbation divergence of dark energy) led by the equation-of-state parameter $w$ evolving across the phantom divide $w=-1$ in the HDE model with $c<1$. We thus derive the evolutions of density perturbations of various components and metric fluctuations in the HDE model. The impacts of massive neutrino and dark radiation on the CMB anisotropy power spectrum and the matter power spectrum in the HDE scenario are discussed. Furthermore, we constrain the models of HDE with massive neutrinos and/or dark radiation by using the latest measurements of expansion history and growth of structure, including the Planck CMB temperature data, the baryon acoustic oscillation data, the JLA supernova data, the Hubble constant direct measurement, the cosmic shear data of weak lensing, the Planck CMB lensing data, and the redshift space distortions data. We find that $\sum m_\nu<0.186$ eV (95\% CL) and $N_{\rm eff}=3.75^{+0.28}_{-0.32}$ in the HDE model from the constraints of these data.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures; revised version accepted for publication in JCA

Exploring the evolution of color-luminosity parameter β\beta and its effects on parameter estimation

It has been found in previous studies that, for the Supernova Legacy Survey three-year (SNLS3) data, there is strong evidence for the redshift-evolution of color-luminosity parameter $\beta$. In this paper, using three simplest dark energy models ($\Lambda$CDM, $w$CDM, and CPL), we further explore the evolution of $\beta$ and its effects on parameter estimation. In addition to the SNLS3 data, we also take into account the Planck distance priors data, as well as the latest galaxy clustering (GC) data extracted from SDSS DR7 and BOSS. We find that, for all the models, adding a parameter of $\beta$ can reduce $\chi^2_{min}$ by $\sim$ 36, indicating that $\beta_1 = 0$ is ruled out at 6$\sigma$ confidence levels. In other words, $\beta$ deviates from a constant at 6$\sigma$ confidence levels. This conclusion is insensitive to the dark energy models considered, showing the importance of considering the evolution of $\beta$ in the cosmology-fits. Furthermore, it is found that varying $\beta$ can significantly change the fitting results of various cosmological parameters: using the SNLS3 data alone, varying $\beta$ yields a larger $\Omega_m$ for the $\Lambda$CDM model; using the SNLS3+CMB+GC data, varying $\beta$ yields a larger $\Omega_m$ and a smaller $h$ for all the models. Moreover, we find that these results are much closer to those given by the CMB+GC data, compared to the cases of treating $\beta$ as a constant. This indicates that considering the evolution of $\beta$ is very helpful for reducing the tension between supernova and other cosmological observations.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in Physical Review D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1306.6423; and with arXiv:1109.3172 by other author