Pharmacokinetic study of isoquercitrin in rat plasma after intravenous administration at three different doses

O objetivo deste estudo é desenvolver um método simples e específico de HPLC usando vitexina como padrão interno para investigar a farmacocinética do isoquercitrina (ISOQ) após três doses diferentes administradas por via intravenosa a ratos. Os parâmetros farmacocinéticos foram calculados pelas abordagens compartimental e não compartimental. Os resultados mostraram que ISOQ se encaixa no modelo de três compartimentos. Os valores de AUC aumentaram proporcionalmente na faixa de 5-10 mg·kg-1. Além disso, a meia-vida, b meia-vida, ªCL, MRT0-t and MRT0→∞ de ISOQ em ratos mostraram diferenças significativas entre 20 mg·kg-1 e outras doses, o que significa que ISOQ apresenta farmacocinética dose-dependente no intervalo de 5-10 mg·kg-1 e farmacocinética não linear em doses mais elevadas.The aim of this study is to develop a simple and specific HPLC method using vitexin as the internal standard to investigate the pharmacokinetics of isoquercitrin (ISOQ) after three different doses administrated intravenously to rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by both compartmental and non-compartmental approaches. The results showed that ISOQ fitted a three-compartment open model. The values of AUC increased proportionally within the range of 5-10 mg·kg-1. Moreover, a half-life, b half-life, ªCL, MRT0-t and MRT0→∞ of ISOQ in rats showed significant differences between 20 mg·kg-1 and other doses, indicating that ISOQ presented dose-dependent pharmacokinetics in the range of 5-10 mg·kg-1 and non-linear pharmacokinetics at higher doses

Exploring the diversity and potential functional characteristics of microbiota associated with different compartments of Schisandra chinensis

IntroductionSymbiotic microbial have a significant impact on the growth and metabolism of medicinal plants. Schisandra chinensis is a very functionally rich medicinal herb; however, its microbial composition and diversity have been poorly studied.MethodsIn the present study, the core microbiomes associated with the rhizospheric soil, roots, stems, leaves, and fruits of S. chinensis from six geographic locations were analyzed by a macro-genomics approach.ResultsAlpha and beta diversity analyses showed that the diversity of microbial composition of S. chinensis fruits did not differ significantly among the geographic locations as compared to that in different plant compartments. Principal coordinate analysis showed that the microbial communities of S. chinensis fruits from the different ecological locations were both similar and independent. In all S. chinensis samples, Proteobacteria was the most dominant bacterial phylum, and Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the most dominant fungal phyla. Nitrospira, Bradyrhizobium, Sphingomonas, and Pseudomonas were the marker bacterial populations in rhizospheric soils, roots, stems and leaves, and fruits, respectively, and Penicillium, Golubevia, and Cladosporium were the marker fungal populations in the rhizospheric soil and roots, stems and leaves, and fruits, respectively. Functional analyses showed a high abundance of the microbiota mainly in biosynthesis.DiscussionThe present study determined the fungal structure of the symbiotic microbiome of S. chinensis, which is crucial for improving the yield and quality of S. chinensis

Pharmacokinetic study of isoquercitrin in rat plasma after intravenous administration at three different doses

The aim of this study is to develop a simple and specific HPLC method using vitexin as the internal standard to investigate the pharmacokinetics of isoquercitrin (ISOQ) after three different doses administrated intravenously to rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by both compartmental and non-compartmental approaches. The results showed that ISOQ fitted a three-compartment open model. The values of AUC increased proportionally within the range of 5-10 mg·kg-1. Moreover, a half-life, b half-life, ªCL, MRT0-t and MRT0→∞ of ISOQ in rats showed significant differences between 20 mg·kg-1 and other doses, indicating that ISOQ presented dose-dependent pharmacokinetics in the range of 5-10 mg·kg-1 and non-linear pharmacokinetics at higher doses

Superconducting TaH₅ at high pressure

Abstract Recently, the significant development, in the field of high-temperature superconductivity among the compressed elements hydrides (such as LaH10), opens up a door in pursuing room-temperature superconductors. Therefore, the investigations of excellent superconductivity in hydrogen-rich materials have become a hot topic of considerable interest. Herein, we explore the stabilities of compressed tantalum polyhydrides TaH n (n = 1–6) and the superconductivity by using a particle swarm optimization structure prediction methodology in combination with the first-principles electronic structure framework. As a result of structure searches, we identified a stable TaH5 compound under high pressure, which consists edge shared TaH12 polyhedra. Remarkably, within Allen–Dynes modified McMillan equation, our predicted TaH5 is a superconductor with superconducting critical temperature (T c) of 18–23 K at 100 GPa.</jats:p

The complete chloroplast genome of Pulsatilla campanella Fischer ex Krylov. (Ranunculaceae, Pulsatilla Miller)

The complete chloroplast genome of Pulsatilla campanella Fischer ex Krylov was sequenced and reported for the first time. The length of the entire circular genome was 162,322 bp, and the GC content was 37.4%. There were 133 genes annotated, including 89 known protein-coding genes, 36 tRNAs, and 8 rRNAs. The complete chloroplast genome of P.campanella has consisted of two inverted repeat regions (IRs), a large single-copy region (LSC 82,087 bp), and a small single-copy region (SSC 17,497 bp). The phylogenetic tree was built based on 29 species, using the maximum-likelihood method. The results showed that P.campanella was clustered on the same branch with a variety of Pulsatilla plants. The data reveal the genetic relationship between the selected species and provide information for subsequent plant classification

Space-time video montage

Conventional video summarization methods focus predominantly on summarizing videos along the time axis, such as building a movie trailer. The resulting video trailer tends to retain much empty space in the background of the video frames while discarding much informative video content due to size limit. In this paper, we propose a novel spacetime video summarization method which we call space-time video montage. The method simultaneously analyzes both the spatial and temporal information distribution in a video sequence, and extracts the visually informative space-time portions of the input videos. The informative video portions are represented in volumetric layers. The layers are then packed together in a small output video volume such that the total amount of visual information in the video volume is maximized. To achieve the packing process, we develop a new algorithm based upon the first-fit and Graph cut optimization techniques. Since our method is able to cut off spatially and temporally less informative portions, it is able to generate much more compact yet highly informative output videos. The effectiveness of our method is validated by extensive experiments over a wide variety of videos. 1