The Relationship between the Level of Participation in Knowledge Management and the Critical Thinking Tendency of Librarians of Central Libraries of Public Universities in Tehran

Objective: The main purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the level of participation in knowledge management and the critical thinking tendency among librarians of central libraries of public universities in Tehran. Methodology: This research is descriptive-correlational in terms of research method and is a survey branch. In addition, according to the purpose, it falls into the category of applied research. The statistical population of this study consisted of librarians of the central libraries of public universities in Tehran, whose number was 210 people. Using the Morgan table, a sample number of 136 people was obtained. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires: Employee Participation in Knowledge Management (Kulkarni et al. (2007)) and the California Critical Thinking Tendency Questionnaire (1992). The supervisor validated both questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaires was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the questionnaire on employee participation in knowledge management was 0.946 and for the questionnaire of critical thinking tendency was 0.933. The data analysis was done through descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS software. Results: The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the variable of critical thinking tendency and participation in knowledge management. Conclusion: Researchers define and examine critical thinking in two dimensions: critical thinking skills and tendencies, in previous researches the relationship between knowledge management and the skills dimension was investigated, but in this research, the relationship between participation in knowledge management and the dimension of tendency to critical thinking was investigated

Presentation Quantum Computation Based on Many Level Quantum System and SU(n) Cohered States and Qubit, Qutrit and Qubit Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technique and Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance

Abstract: In this article we have considered the effect of a magnetic field, the Zeeman effect, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) on nuclei with spin S ½ looked. Then energy levels, transition frequencies and the energy spectra for the nuclear spins have specified. After using the group definition SU(2), SU(3), SU(4), SU(N) OR SU(2S+1), In quantum mechanics and quantum computation the range nuclear energy levels sin to one qubit, qutrit and qudit assign. We have defined the quantum states

The structure of qubit and quantum gates in quantum computers

In regard to the important of qubits role and quantum gate in quantum computers, in this article we will consider to the qubit structure and quantum gate on the basis of theory and quantum principles and in various from we will show the qubit and quantum gate (quantum operator). Finally we will express cloning theorem the quantum computers by binary gate.\u

Interactions between Type 1 Interferons and the Th17 Response in Tuberculosis: Lessons Learned from Autoimmune Diseases

textabstractThe classical paradigm of tuberculosis (TB) immunity, with a central protective role for Th1 responses and IFN-γ-stimulated cellular responses, has been challenged by unsatisfactory results of vaccine strategies aimed at enhancing Th1 immunity. Moreover, preclinical TB models have shown that increasing IFN-γ responses in the lungs is more damaging to the host than to the pathogen. Type 1 interferon signaling and altered Th17 responses have also been associated with active TB, but their functional roles in TB pathogenesis remain to be established. These two host responses have been studied in more detail in autoimmune diseases (AID) and show functional interactions that are of potential interest in TB immunity. In this review, we first identify the role of type 1 interferons and Th17 immunity in TB, followed by an overview of interactions between these responses observed in systemic AID. We discuss (i) the effects of GM-CSF-secreting Th17.1 cells and type 1 interferons on CCR2+ monocytes; (ii) convergence of IL-17 and type 1 interferon signaling on stimulating B-cell activating factor production and the central role of neutrophils in this process; and (iii) synergy between IL-17 and type 1 interferons in the generation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures and the associated follicular helper T-cell responses. Evaluation of these autoimmune-related pathways in TB pathogenesis provides a new perspective on recent developments in TB research

Bioinspired Approaches for Enhancing Concrete Durability and Sustainability

Concrete is the backbone of modern infrastructure, yet its durability and environmental impact remain significant concerns. As the most widely used construction material, it accounts for approximately 8% of global CO2 emissions, contributing to climate change while facing inherent challenges such as cracking, permeability, and steel reinforcement corrosion. These factors significantly reduce service life, necessitate frequent repairs, and increase maintenance costs. Traditional repair methods, such as epoxy coatings and chemical corrosion inhibitors, often fail to provide long-term resilience, while conventional reinforcement techniques—primarily steel rebars and fiber additives—lack adaptability and efficiency in mitigating stress concentrations. The need for sustainable, long-lasting, and high-performance solutions for concrete durability has never been more urgent, particularly as global infrastructure demands continue to grow. This research presents a bioinspired approach to enhancing concrete performance by leveraging Carbonic Anhydrase (CA), a naturally occurring enzyme, to improve corrosion resistance and self-healing capabilities. CA acts as a catalyst, accelerating the reaction between atmospheric CO2 and calcium ions in the cementitious matrix to precipitate calcium carbonate CaCO3, which seals cracks and densifies the microstructure. Laboratory tests on CA-modified concrete demonstrate significantly reduced permeability, enhanced crack-sealing properties, and greater resistance to chloride ion ingress, a primary driver of rebar corrosion. Microstructural analysis confirms that CA-treated samples develop denser pore structures and mineralized protective layers, slowing degradation and extending structural longevity. Accelerated corrosion testing further indicates delayed crack formation and reduced corrosion rates, outperforming conventional repair materials. Computational diffusion modeling supports these findings, highlighting reduced ion transport rates and extended service life predictions for enzymatic concrete. Beyond structural benefits, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) reveals that enzymatic concrete provides significant environmental advantages, primarily by extending infrastructure lifespan, reducing material consumption, and minimizing CO2 emissions associated with repairs and replacements. By sequestering carbon dioxide into durable mineral phases, this method contributes to carbon capture efforts, presenting a scalable, low-energy alternative for increasing concrete resilience while addressing sustainability concerns. Additionally, this research explores an innovative reinforcement strategy using 3D-printed auxetic structures with negative Poisson ratios (NPRs). Auxetic geometries, such as brick-and-mortar, bowtie, and tubular designs, are fabricated using stainless steel, aluminum, and polylactic acid (PLA) and evaluated for their impact on stress distribution and energy absorption. Experimental and numerical results indicate that stainless steel tubular auxetic reinforcements surpass conventional reinforcement strategies in load redistribution and crack propagation delay. These findings demonstrate the potential for integrating auxetic reinforcement with enzymatic concrete to further enhance resilience, toughness, and mechanical efficiency. By combining bioinspired self-healing strategies with advanced reinforcement techniques, this research provides a transformative framework for next-generation concrete materials. The findings offer a scalable solution to improving structural durability, reducing environmental impact, and increasing the sustainability of concrete infrastructure worldwide

Facile, mild and convenient preparation and characterization of some novel Schiff base ligands from synthetic diamines and salicylaldehyde

Some novel Schiff base ligands have been prepared through condensation of salicylaldehyde with synthetic various primary diamines under mild reaction conditions. The used aromatic diamines were synthesized in good yields starting from low-cost commercially available materials. In these reactions, the Schiff base products have been afforded with excellent yields and appropriate reaction times. The structure of these ligands has been characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v29i1.1