Indoctrinating the text: Reformation controversies and Renaissance texts, 1559–1640

This dissertation pursues readings of English Renaissance texts through the lens of three separate but related Reformation controversies: adiaphora (ceremonial forms without scriptural sanction); the Eucharist; and the conventicle (the extraliturgical prayer meeting). By focusing on these three doctrinal “hot buttons,” the dissertation demonstrates how doctrinal conflict continued to be a cultural force in early modern England, long after the so-called Settlement of 1559. During the period in question, doctrinal conflict informed “secular” texts no less than devotional ones, shaping the basic notions of personhood and identity described there. By reconnecting Reformation religion with early modern culture, the dissertation aims to interrogate those idealist commonplaces about post-Reformation systems of thought: the belief in a materially unmediated spirit-life, the precedence of masculine will over effeminate desire, the polarization of public and private spheres, and the political necessity of the domestic order. When the material and cultural connections of post-Reformation faith are restored, the early modern origins of privatization and internalization are called into question

Indoctrinating the text: Reformation controversies and Renaissance texts, 1559–1640

This dissertation pursues readings of English Renaissance texts through the lens of three separate but related Reformation controversies: adiaphora (ceremonial forms without scriptural sanction); the Eucharist; and the conventicle (the extraliturgical prayer meeting). By focusing on these three doctrinal “hot buttons,” the dissertation demonstrates how doctrinal conflict continued to be a cultural force in early modern England, long after the so-called Settlement of 1559. During the period in question, doctrinal conflict informed “secular” texts no less than devotional ones, shaping the basic notions of personhood and identity described there. By reconnecting Reformation religion with early modern culture, the dissertation aims to interrogate those idealist commonplaces about post-Reformation systems of thought: the belief in a materially unmediated spirit-life, the precedence of masculine will over effeminate desire, the polarization of public and private spheres, and the political necessity of the domestic order. When the material and cultural connections of post-Reformation faith are restored, the early modern origins of privatization and internalization are called into question

Mixing antifreeze protein types changes ice crystal morphology without affecting antifreeze activity

AbstractAll three fish antifreeze protein types (I, II and III) inhibit the growth of ice to form hexagonal bipyramidal ice crystals of characteristic morphology. Mixtures of these different antifreezes produced ice crystals of hybrid shapes and dimensions, consistent with the different antifreeze types binding to the same ice surfaces. The activity of the mixtures was independent of the proportions of the iso-active antifreeze protein stocks present, indicating that the different antifreezes neither attenuated nor potentiated each other's activity. We suggest that antifreeze protein molecules are independently active and do not require protein-protein interactions for ice-binding