Wildfire Infrared Early Detection System

The Wildfire Infrared Early Detection System report will describe the implementation of an FPGA based image processing system that will facilitate fire detection in general, and wild and forest fire detection and analysis in particular. Due to the inherent properties of fire the authentication and classification of wildfire can be quite challenging when trying to do so with an RGB image. Using infrared (IR) imaging on the other hand simplifies the detection process. As to be demonstrated in this project, any fire captured with an IR camera will exhibit a distinguished pattern, which is quite simple to analyze and authenticate. The system consists of three main modules: image capture, hardware interface, hardware and alarm setting module. The implementation of the hardware module was carried out using the Vivado Design Suite, which includes the Vivado HLS, Vivado, and the Vivado SDIncludes bibliographical references (pages 31-32)California State University, Northridge. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Buying Time—The Immune System Determinants of the Incubation Period to Respiratory Viruses

Respiratory viruses cause disease in humans characterized by an abrupt onset of symptoms. Studies in humans and animal models have shown that symptoms are not immediate and appear days or even weeks after infection. Since the initial symptoms are a manifestation of virus recognition by elements of the innate immune response, early virus replication must go largely undetected. The interval between infection and the emergence of symptoms is called the incubation period and is widely used as a clinical score. While incubation periods have been described for many virus infections the underlying mechanism for this asymptomatic phase has not been comprehensively documented. Here we review studies of the interaction between human pathogenic respiratory RNA viruses and the host with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms used by viruses to inhibit immunity. We discuss the concept of the “stealth phase”, defined as the time between infection and the earliest detectable inflammatory response. We propose that the “stealth phase” phenomenon is primarily responsible for the suppression of symptoms during the incubation period and results from viral antagonism that inhibits major pathways of the innate immune system allowing an extended time of unhindered virus replication

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Protects Mice during Respiratory Virus Infections

A burst in the production of pro-inflammatory molecules characterizes the beginning of the host response to infection. Cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors work in concert to control pathogen replication and activate innate and adaptive immune responses. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilizes and activates hematopoietic cells from the bone marrow, and it has been shown to mediate the generation of effective immunity against bacterial and fungal infections. G-CSF is produced at high levels in the lungs during infection with influenza and parainfluenza viruses, but its role during these infections is unknown. Here we show that during infection of mice with a non-lethal dose of influenza or Sendai virus, G-CSF promotes the accumulation of activated Ly6G+ granulocytes that control the extent of the lung pro-inflammatory response. Remarkably, these G-CSF-mediated effects facilitate viral clearance and sustain mouse survival

Evidence-based national suicide prevention taskforce in Europe : a consensus position paper

International audienc

Abnormal Motor Activity and Thermoregulation in a Schizophrenia Rat Model for Translational Science

Schizophrenia is accompanied by altered motor activity and abnormal thermoregulation; therefore, the presence of these symptoms can enhance the face validity of a schizophrenia animal model. The goal was to characterize these parameters in freely moving condition of a new substrain of rats showing several schizophrenia-related alterations.Male Wistar rats were used: the new substrain housed individually (for four weeks) and treated subchronically with ketamine, and naive animals without any manipulations. Adult animals were implanted with E-Mitter transponders intraabdominally to record body temperature and locomotor activity continuously. The circadian rhythm of these parameters and the acute effects of changes in light conditions were analyzed under undisturbed circumstances, and the effects of different interventions (handling, bed changing or intraperitoneal vehicle injection) were also determined.Decreased motor activity with fragmented pattern was observed in the new substrain. However, these animals had higher body temperature during the active phase, and they showed wider range of its alterations, too. The changes in light conditions and different interventions produced blunted hyperactivity and altered body temperature responses in the new substrain. Poincaré plot analysis of body temperature revealed enhanced short- and long-term variabilities during the active phase compared to the inactive phase in both groups. Furthermore, the new substrain showed increased short- and long-term variabilities with lower degree of asymmetry suggesting autonomic dysregulation.In summary, the new substrain with schizophrenia-related phenomena showed disturbed motor activity and thermoregulation suggesting that these objectively determined parameters can be biomarkers in translational research

Healing hearts: mind-body therapy for mothers after stillbirth’s silent grief

IntroductionApproximately 0.75% of pregnancies end with stillbirth, often leading to depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress symptoms and suicidality. Knowledge regarding effective treatment options is lacking. In this retrospective cohort study we present a mind-body group therapy treatment protocol that was adapted for women and their partners who suffered stillbirth and report on its clinical effectiveness. Additionally, we identified demographic and clinical factors that were associated with clinical response.MethodsSixty-one women who coped with stillbirth were enrolled to a mind-body group therapy. Questionnaires assessing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress were administered to the women before and after the group intervention.ResultsAs expected, we found high rates of depression, state and trait anxiety and post-traumatic symptoms in our cohort before mind-body group therapy. At completion of treatment, the symptoms of depression, state anxiety, post-traumatic stress and suicidality significantly decreased. Improvement in symptoms of depression and post-trauma at follow-up was positively associated with severity of symptoms at baseline and with antidepressants treatment, and negatively associated with the number of children. Time since stillbirth was positively associated with the degree of improvement in posttraumatic symptoms only.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that mind-body group therapy may be associated with improvements in depression, post-traumatic stress symptoms, state anxiety, and suicidal ideation in women following stillbirth. Further research, including a control group is crucial for understanding of effective tools to treat this at-risk population