The fifth pulmonary vein

A cadaver in Myungsung Medical College (MMC) had a 3rd pulmonary vein originating from the middle lobe of the right lung. Such anatomical variations are very rare. People with this variation have a total of five pulmonary veins entering left atrium. It has clinical implications especially for thoracic surgeons and radiologists during radiofrequency ablations, lobectomies, valve replacements, pulmonary vein catheterizations, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and others.Keywords: Anatomy, Variations, Pulmonary vein

A LITERATURE REVIEW OF TELEMEDICINE IN INDONESIA: PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVE

Background: Indonesia has a great potential in the development of digital health technologies. However, several challenges might also arise in hand with the development of telemedicine. Aims: We aimed to conduct a literature review of the use of telemedicine in Indonesia in order to know how the start is, the development, and future considerations of its usage. Methods: From the digital databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Neliti (Indonesia's Research Repository), each author completed literature searches of telemedicine in Indonesia from 1985 to 2021. Results: A total of 8 studies were included in current literature review. In 1985-1987, Indonesia undertook the first satellite-based telemedicine. During the early twenty-first century, rapid improvements in information technology have expanded to other industries, including health care through telemedicine. Covid-19 dilemma compels physicians to adopt. Through telemedicine, many is experienced the benefit during the pandemic. However, in developing telemedicine system for the future, the use of telemedicine has several challenges, namely related to human resources, infrastructure and ethical regulations. Conclusion: When telehealth is successfully implemented in Indonesia, it will benefit both the developer and the consumer. Despite the benefits, the challenge of implementing and developing a comprehensive eHealth environment in Indonesia might be seen as tremendous, given that the country is currently developing its infrastructure

Effect of Total Solids Concentration of Municipal Solid Waste on the Biogas Produced in an Anaerobic Continuous Digester

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) contains a relatively large amount of organic matter, which decomposes by the actions of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions to produce biogas. The total solids (TS) concentration of the waste influences the pH, temperature and effectiveness of the microorganisms in the decomposition process. This work investigated various concentrations of the TS of MSW in an anaerobic continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and the corresponding amounts of biogas produced, in order to determine conditions for optimum gas production. Five laboratory-scale anaerobic batch digesters of 5 litres volume each were set up for the digestion of 2kg of shredded MSW diluted to a %TS concentration of 26.7%. The results from the batch experimentation were adapted to the design of a CSTR for the digestion of MSW. The CSTR was simulated over a range of %TS concentration of 4-10, at a maximum fractional conversion of 0.8 to cater for system inefficiencies. Mathematical models were developed for the process and solved using the Microsoft Visual Basic version 6.0 Programme. The results show the amount of biogas produced as a power function of the %TS concentration, indicating that as the process continues, a time comes when any marginal increase in the %TS concentration would no longer contribute to the increasing volume of biogas produced. The results further show that, given the limiting upper boundary of the %TS concentration, optimum biogas production in a CSTR digesting MSW cannot be ascertained with the concentration of the %TS alone

Modelling Soil Compaction Effects on Maize Growth and Yield in a Sandy Loam Soil

A mathematical model has been developed for the prediction of soil compaction effects on the growth and yield of maize crop in a sandy loam soil in tropical climates. The field work was done at the teaching and research farm of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A plot of land measuring 18 m x 4 m was divided into five sub-plots of equal dimensions and labelled as: plot 1 – un-compacted and untilled; plot 2 – un-compacted but tilled; and plots 3, 4 and 5 - tilled and compacted to varying degrees of tractor passes, viz 2, 4 and 6 tractor passes respectively. A Massey Ferguson (MF) 90 model disc plough was used for the tillage and an MF 260 model tractor used for the soil compaction treatments. Irrigation, weed and pest control were done equally on all plots when necessary. The maize crops were planted in the month of October and grew to maturity fourteen weeks thereafter. Field measurements gave values of soil bulk densities and moisture contents as 1.20, 1.17, 1.23, 1.28 and 1.35 g/cm3 and 5.17, 6.02, 4.89, 4.43 and 3.39% respectively for plots 1-5. The height and yield of the maize crop at the fourteenth week for the plots 1-5 are respectively 0.941, 1.380, 0.872, 1.146 and 1.402 m and 1192, 2859,1195, 1311 and 2320 kg/ha. The model was development based on the response of the maize crop growth and yield to the different levels of compaction treatment, using dimensional analysis. The field results showed that at p<0.05, there is a statistically significant effect between soil compaction and growth and yield of maize in a tropical sandy loam soil and the model predictions correlated experimental data up to about 99.5%

An Assessment of the Relationship Between Financial Literacy and Farm Productivity of Sure Aid Program Farmer-Beneficiaries in Naic, Cavite, 2023

Improving farmers\u27 financial literacy is essential for enhancing farm productivity while ensuring proper utilization of agricultural loans plays a crucial role in fostering prosperous farming. It is important to determine the relationship between financial literacy and the farm productivity of farmers in a loan program. This study aimed to assess the relationship between financial literacy and farm productivity among SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries in Naic, Cavite. The objectives were to: 1) describe the socio-economic and farm characteristics of the SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries in Naic, Cavite; 2) determine the financial literacy level of the SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries in terms of their financial knowledge, financial behavior, and financial attitude; 3) identify the factors affecting the SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries’ financial literacy level; 4) assess the loan utilization rate and farm productivity of SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries; 5) determine the relationship between financial literacy and loan utilization of the SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries; 6) determine the relationship between loan utilization and farm productivity of the SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries; 7) determine the relationship between financial literacy and farm productivity of the SURE Aid Program farmer-beneficiaries; and 8) draw recommendations based on the results of the study. The necessary data were gathered through personal interviews of 69 rice-farmer respondents using pre-tested questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were presented to describe the characteristics of the respondents along with their financial literacy, loan utilization, and farm productivity. The relationship between the farmer- beneficiaries’ socio-economic characteristics and their financial literacy level was determined using multinomial logit regression. While correlation analyses were utilized to explore the association between financial literacy, loan utilization, and farm productivity. The study revealed a low level of financial literacy among the SURE Aid Program farmer- beneficiaries. The socioeconomic characteristics of the farmer-beneficiaries did not significantly influence their financial literacy level. Most respondents fully utilized their loans, primarily for palay farming, although a substantial portion diverted fundsfor other purposes. The average farm productivity in Naic was lower compared to the provincial average. There was an inverse weak relationship between overall financial literacy and loan utilization. However, no significant relationships were found between financial literacy components and loan utilization, loan utilization and farm productivity, and financial literacy and farm productivity. Based on the results, the study recommends improving financial literacy, loan utilization, and enhancing agricultural practices to boost farm productivity among the farmer-borrowers. The recommendations include encouraging farmers to participate in financial education programs, availing of financial services, and adopting appropriate farming techniques

A vindication of the late Archbishop Sancroft, [electronic resource] : and of his brethren the rest of the depriv'd bishops, from the reflections of Mr. Marshal in his Defence of our constitution in church and state: Particularly with regard to their Refusing to publish an Abhorrence of the Prince of Orange's Invasion; their Meeting at Guild-Hall, and their Endeavours for a Regency. In a letter to a friend.

Anonymous. By Hilkiah Bedford.With a final advertisement leaf.Reissued with cancel title as "second edition," "for J. Bettenham," 1718.Printed by William Bowyer; his records show the client as William Innys.Signatures: A-Ep4s.Signatures from Maslen & Lancaster.Maslen & Lancaster. Bowyer ledgers,Electronic reproduction.English Short Title Catalog,Reproduction of original from British Library