Serum neurofilament dynamics predicts neurodegeneration and clinical progression in presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease

Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a promising fluid biomarker of disease progression for various cerebral proteopathies. Here we leverage the unique characteristics of the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network and ultrasensitive immunoassay technology to demonstrate that NfL levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (n = 187) and serum (n = 405) are correlated with one another and are elevated at the presymptomatic stages of familial Alzheimer's disease. Longitudinal, within-person analysis of serum NfL dynamics (n = 196) confirmed this elevation and further revealed that the rate of change of serum NfL could discriminate mutation carriers from non-mutation carriers almost a decade earlier than cross-sectional absolute NfL levels (that is, 16.2 versus 6.8 years before the estimated symptom onset). Serum NfL rate of change peaked in participants converting from the presymptomatic to the symptomatic stage and was associated with cortical thinning assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, but less so with amyloid-β deposition or glucose metabolism (assessed by positron emission tomography). Serum NfL was predictive for both the rate of cortical thinning and cognitive changes assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination and Logical Memory test. Thus, NfL dynamics in serum predict disease progression and brain neurodegeneration at the early presymptomatic stages of familial Alzheimer's disease, which supports its potential utility as a clinically useful biomarker

A study on the living condition and the housing problem in central Gondar, Ethiopia

This paper aims at analysis of the housing conditions of a historical city Gondar in Ethiopia. Although rich in historical relics within a historical core formulated in the course of an imperial period since the 17^ century, the central zone of Gondar is suffering from the deterioration of urban blocks generated by a series of modern master planning since 1930\u27s. Repeated field surveys in situ revealed the typological nature of built environment as well as social characteristics of inhabitants residing there. Dominance of female population, juxtaposition of shady occupation and historical monuments, concentration of the poor depending on the informal sector, are the main points abstracted from the surveys. Coordination within public housing is the key for the amelioration of actual situation

光線力学療法用光増感剤としての糖連結ポルフィリン誘導体の合成と機能評価

奈良女子大学博士(理学)博士(理学), 博課甲第256号, 平成17年3月24日学位授与doctoral thesi

Construction of the "Yogo teacher" in the yogo teacher educational program

application/pdf研究報告書研究成果の概要（和文）：養護教諭１種免許が取得できる大学の免許法上「看護学（臨床実習及び救急処置を含む。）」として開講される科目名から【看護に関する基礎知識】【学校看護の知識・技術】等の4領域に分類され、開講科目は教育背景により異なる。教育系養成大学のシラバスから検討すると【学校基礎看護】【養護実践への展開方法】【救急処置】の3つの内容が展開され、養護実践のための学修内容構成は「子どもの健康課題を捉える」「学校生活への適応を図り、発達支援のための活動と子どもの力を高める」などに集約された。更に、教授される看護技術は、「環境調整技術」や「症状・生体機能管理技術」「感染予防技術」等13学習項目42の看護技術が提案される。 研究成果の概要（英文）：Under the license law of the university where can acquire superior grade license of Yogo teacher, the subject established as "Nursing (A beside teaching and first aid are included.)" is classified into 4 domains of [basic knowledge about nursing] [knowledge and skill of school nursing] etc., and is different in educational backgrounds. From view point of a syllabus of an education university, it evolves 3 contents of [basic nursing in school] [development method to school nursing practice] [first aid], and the construction of contents of the learning for school nursing practices was summarized in "acceptance of child's health issue" and "support for adaptation to school life and activity for child’s support of development and nourishment of child vitality" etc. Moreover instructed nursing skill is proposed to 13 items and 42 units for example " environmental adjustment skill", "the symptom and vital function management skill" and "infection prevention skill".research repor

フィリピンの看護大学および病院の視察報告

２１世紀のグローバル社会を生きる学生が国際的な視野を持つ事ができるよう，国際交流の場を提供することは看護教育における課題である．本稿の目的は，フィリピンの看護教育制度への関心を高めることにある．なぜならば，アジア地域との交流は今後ますます活発になる事が予測されるからである．そこで、フィリピン大学の看護学教育および隣接するPhilippines General Hospital の看護システムを視察した．また，University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center（UERM），College of Nursing（私学）も視察した．看護教育はすべて大学でなされ，大学の卒業生は高い実践能力を有する看護師であると考えていた．Philippines General Hospital は利用者の９０％が無収入か低所得者とのことで，１次医療から３次医療まで対応している国立の大規模な総合病院であった．病室の大半が総室で家族の付き添う姿も見られた．看護職の離職および不足においては日本と類似した問題を抱えていた．短時間の視察であったが，看護教育への示唆を得ることができた．It is an important theme in nursing education to offer an opportunity of an international exchange so that the nursing student living in global society of the 21 st century can have an international field of vision. A purpose of this report is to raise interest to a Philippine nursing education system and care system. Because we thought that the transaction with an Asian region is predicted to become more and more active in future. Therefore we inspected a nursing education of a Philippine university and a care system of Philippines General Hospital. In addition, we visited University of the East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center（UERM）, College of Nursing（a private school）. All the nursing education in a Philippine nursing education was made at University/college, and the teacher thought that graduates of their university were nurses having ability for high practice. We had explanation that the Philippines General Hospital was the national major general hospital which provided from medical treatment to the third medical treatment and 90% of the patient who used there were no income or low-income people. Most of patient’s room was the room for the plurality of patients, and we saw that a family attended the patient there. We thought that there was a similar problem in quitting a job and a shortage of nurses. But we were able to have a suggestion to nursing education during short inspection

Comparison of BMI and Weight Ratio at ages 12 and 17

application/pdf論文(Article)departmental bulletin pape

Snapshot hyperspectral retinal camera with the Image Mapping Spectrometer (IMS)

We present a snapshot hyperspectral retinal camera with the Image Mapping Spectrometer (IMS) for eye imaging applications. The resulting system is capable of simultaneously acquiring 48 spectral channel images in the range 470 nm–650 nm with frame rate at 5.2 fps. The spatial sampling of each measured spectral scene is 350 × 350 pixels. The advantages of this snapshot device are elimination of the eye motion artifacts and pixel misregistration problems in traditional scanning-based hyperspectral retinal cameras, and real-time imaging of oxygen saturation dynamics with sub-second temporal resolution. The spectral imaging performance is demonstrated in a human retinal imaging experiment in vivo. The absorption spectral signatures of oxy-hemoglobin and macular pigments were successfully acquired by using this device

Designing microarray phantoms for hyperspectral imaging validation

The design and fabrication of custom-tailored microarrays for use as phantoms in the characterization of hyperspectral imaging systems is described. Corresponding analysis methods for biologically relevant samples are also discussed. An image-based phantom design was used to program a microarrayer robot to print prescribed mixtures of dyes onto microscope slides. The resulting arrays were imaged by a hyperspectral imaging microscope. The shape of the spots results in significant scattering signals, which can be used to test image analysis algorithms. Separation of the scattering signals allowed elucidation of individual dye spectra. In addition, spectral fitting of the absorbance spectra of complex dye mixtures was performed in order to determine local dye concentrations. Such microarray phantoms provide a robust testing platform for comparisons of hyperspectral imaging acquisition and analysis methods

Current Status of ICT Use in School Health Care Office

departmental bulletin pape

Thymectomy for myasthenia gravis

The effect of thymectomy on elimination of a myasthenic symptom was clinically evaluated. The operative approach was primarily extended thymectmy of choice via midsternotomy in all but one of transcervical approaches. Most of them belonged to Osserman II b and II a of the disease type. Thirteen cases were in combination with thymoma and thirty-five were not in combination. Thymectomy yields a 53.8% effectiveness rate for patients with thymoma and a 65.7% for patients without thymoma. There was no defenitive relationship between the operation effectiveness and the suffering duration of time. However, aggravation and no improvement of a clinical sign after thymectomy were observed in patients with a severe or moderate degree of germinal center formation