Shinichi Hisamatsu - Die Philosophie des Erwachens

Die buddhistische Philosophie Hisamatsus, der das »Erwachen des wahren Selbst« zugrunde liegt, kritisiert einerseits die gewöhnliche Philosophie, die auf der Vernunft gründet, andererseits die Religionen, die auf dem Glauben gründen. Nach der knappen Darstellung seines Lebens im 1. Abschnitt versucht dieser Aufsatz, im 2. Abschnitt die Stellung der Religion in seiner Philosophie, im 3. Abschnitt im Vergleich mit Kierkegaard seine Einstellung zum christlichen Glauben und im 4. Abschnitt unter Bezugnahme auf seine Interpretation der Philosophie des Kegon-Buddhismus das Charakteristische dessen, was er »wahres Selbst« nennt, herauszuarbeiten. Er meint: Das wahre Selbst ist substanzlos. Wenn das wahre Selbst erwacht und man dessen inne wird, dass das Ich keine Substanz ist, entsteht da der Standpunkt, auf dem man die Dinge von seinen eigenen Interessen befreit so sehen kann, wie sie in Wahrheit sind

Heat-not-burn tobacco, electronic cigarettes, and combustible cigarette use among Japanese adolescents: a nationwide population survey 2017

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Association and dose-response relationship between exposure to alcohol advertising media and current drinking: a nationwide cross-sectional study of Japanese adolescents

Background: Underage drinking is a public health concern. However, few studies have examined the association between alcoholic beverage advertising and underage drinking, particularly in countries with low underage drinking rates, such as Japan. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to advertising in various media and alcohol drinking among Japanese adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 15,683 adolescents (51% girls) using data from a nationwide lifestyle survey in 2021 among junior and senior high schools across Japan. Media types were websites, stores, and public transportation. We defined current drinking as alcohol consumption of ≥1 day in the 30 days preceding the survey. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between exposure to alcohol advertisements and current drinking, adjusting for sex, grades, school area, lifestyle (bedtime and having fun at school), and addictive behaviors (smoking status and parents’ alcohol consumption). Results: The prevalence of current drinking was 2.2% (2.3% of boys and 2.0% of girls). Students who were exposed to any alcohol advertising media had higher odds of current drinking compared with those who were not (odds ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–1.87). Students who were exposed to web, in-store, and public transportation advertisements had odds ratios of 1.44 (95% CI, 1.14–1.81), 1.62 (1.28–2.05), and 1.45 (1.06–1.98) of current drinking, respectively, compared with those who were not. The association of exposure to alcohol advertising media with the prevalence of current drinking was similar among boys and girls (all p for sex interaction >0.1), except for that of exposure to web advertisements; its association with current drinking was more pronounced in girls (p for sex interaction = 0.046). Exposure to a larger cumulative number of different alcohol advertising media was independently associated with a higher prevalence of current drinking among all students, boys, and girls (p-values for trend Conclusions: We found an association with a dose-response relationship between exposure to alcohol advertisements and current drinking among adolescents in junior and senior high schools across Japan. Our findings highlight the need for further advertising regulations to prevent underage drinking

Effectiveness of Screening and Brief Alcohol Intervention at the Workplace: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial at Five Japan-Based Companies

Background: Despite evidence regarding the effectiveness of screening and brief interventions for excessive alcohol use in primary care, these tools are not a part of routine practice. It has been suggested that using these tools at the workplace may be critical to alcohol-associated harm; however, evidence for this claim is unclear. The aim of this article is to develop a study protocol which evaluates the effect of brief alcohol intervention at the workplace to reduce harmful alcohol drinking. Methods: A randomized controlled trial involving employees (aged 20–74 years) of five Japan-based companies who were screened “positive” by Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) is on-going. Participants were randomized into “Patient Information Leaflet” (control group), “Brief Advice and Counselling,” and “Five-minute Brief Advice” groups. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess alcohol consumption, lifestyle behavior, health status, work performance, and consequences of alcohol use. Data of laboratory markers were collected from routine health checkups.Results: A total of 351 participants were randomized into Patient Information Leaflet (n = 111), Brief Advice and Counselling (n = 128), and Five-minute Brief Advice (n = 112) groups. Participants were mostly men with a median age of 49 years. Median AUDIT score and weekly alcohol consumption were 11 points and 238 g/week, respectively. Two-thirds of the participants were manufacturing workers. Conclusion: This study protocol developed the first trial in Japan to investigate the effect of brief alcohol intervention combined with a recommended screening tool at the workplace. Our findings can provide evidence on the effectiveness and relevance of these tools to occupational health.journal articl

Das Ich bei Fichte und Schelling

In diesem Referat möchte ich das Verhältnis des Wissens zum Absoluten bei Fichte und Schelling in der Zeit, wo sie oft Briefe gewechselt haben (1800-1802), betrachten. Dabei wird besonders die Frage berücksichtigt werden, was für eine Rolle das Ich als Individuum für das Erreichen des Absoluten spielt. Denn die Gedanken der beiden Philosophen unterscheiden sich meiner Meinung nach in diesem Punkt am deutlichsten. Hauptsächlich werde ich Schellings Bruno oder über das göttliche und natürliche ..