What else is new in Cancer care? Breathlessness in lung cancer patients. Telephone interview included in article by Jane Hobden in Frontline 3rd August 2005

Telephone interview with Caroline Belchamber, a Senior 1 Physiotherapist at Poole Hospita

A binary self-organizing map and its FPGA implementation

A binary Self Organizing Map (SOM) has been designed and implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) chip. A novel learning algorithm which takes binary inputs and maintains tri-state weights is presented. The binary SOM has the capability of recognizing binary input sequences after training. A novel tri-state rule is used in updating the network weights during the training phase. The rule implementation is highly suited to the FPGA architecture, and allows extremely rapid training. This architecture may be used in real-time for fast pattern clustering and classification of the binary features

A modified neural network model for Lobula Giant Movement Detector with additional depth movement feature

The Lobula Giant Movement Detector (LGMD) is a wide-field visual neuron that is located in the Lobula layer of the Locust nervous system. The LGMD increases its firing rate in response to both the velocity of the approaching object and its proximity. It has been found that it can respond to looming stimuli very quickly and can trigger avoidance reactions whenever a rapidly approaching object is detected. It has been successfully applied in visual collision avoidance systems for vehicles and robots. This paper proposes a modified LGMD model that provides additional movement depth direction information. The proposed model retains the simplicity of the previous neural network model, adding only a few new cells. It has been tested on both simulated and recorded video data sets. The experimental results shows that the modified model can very efficiently provide stable information on the depth direction of movement

Swimming for dementia: an exploratory qualitative study

Swimming is a non-weight bearing form of exercise that can be enjoyable and promote physical fitness. This qualitative study investigated a local group established as part of a national dementia swimming initiative. Semi-structured interviews with people with dementia (N=4), carers or companions (N=4) and the organisers and facilitators of the group (N=6) were analysed using thematic analysis. This revealed four main themes: (1) the pleasure of swimming and its benefits as a form of exercise and for building confidence and empowering participants; (2) the importance of insight and empathy in creating a safe and secure experience; (3) the impact of dementia; and (4) how participants valued being part of a group ‘all in the same boat’. ‘Dementia friendly swimming’ appears to be a valuable form of exercise but it requires considerable preparation and support to make it happen

A modified model for the Lobula Giant Movement Detector and its FPGA implementation

The Lobula Giant Movement Detector (LGMD) is a wide-field visual neuron located in the Lobula layer of the Locust nervous system. The LGMD increases its firing rate in response to both the velocity of an approaching object and the proximity of this object. It has been found that it can respond to looming stimuli very quickly and trigger avoidance reactions. It has been successfully applied in visual collision avoidance systems for vehicles and robots. This paper introduces a modified neural model for LGMD that provides additional depth direction information for the movement. The proposed model retains the simplicity of the previous model by adding only a few new cells. It has been simplified and implemented on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), taking advantage of the inherent parallelism exhibited by the LGMD, and tested on real-time video streams. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness as a fast motion detector

Effectiveness of interventions utilising telephone follow up in reducing hospital readmission within 30 days for individuals with chronic disease: a systematic review

Background: Rates of readmission to hospital within 30 days are highest amongst those with chronic diseases. Effective interventions to reduce unplanned readmissions are needed. Providing support to patients with chronic disease via telephone may help prevent unnecessary readmission. This systematic review aimed to determine the methodological quality and effectiveness of interventions utilising telephone follow up (TFU) alone or in combination with other components in reducing readmission within 30 days amongst patients with cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes. Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE were conducted for articles published from database inception to 19th May 2015. Interventions which included TFU alone, or in combination with other components, amongst patients with chronic disease, reported 30 day readmission outcomes and met Effective Practice and Organisation of Care design criteria were included. The titles and abstracts of all identified articles were initially assessed for relevance and rejected on initial screening by one author. Full text articles were assessed against inclusion criteria by two authors with discrepancies resolved through discussion. Results: Ten studies were identified, of which five were effective in reducing readmissions within 30 days. Overall, the methodological quality of included studies was poor. All identified studies combined TFU with other intervention components. Interventions that were effective included three studies which provided TFU in addition to pre-discharge support; and two studies which provided TFU with both pre- and post-discharge support which included education, discharge planning, physical therapy and dietary consults, medication assessment, home visits and a resident curriculum. There was no evidence that TFU and telemedicine or TFU and post-discharge interventions was effective, however, only one to two studies examined each of these types of interventions. Conclusions: Evidence is inconclusive for the effectiveness of interventions utilising TFU alone or in combination with other components in reducing readmissions within 30 days in patients with chronic disease. High methodological quality studies examining the effectiveness of TFU in a standardised way are needed. There is also potential importance in focusing interventions on enhancing provider skills in patient education, transitional care and conducting TFU

Comparing the Characteristics of Homeless Adults in Poland and the United States

This study compared the characteristics of probability samples of homeless adults in Poland (N = 200 from two cities) and the United States (N = 219 from one city), using measures with established reliability and validity in homeless populations. The same measures were used across nations and a systemic translation procedure assured comparability of measurement. The two samples were similar on some measures: In both nations, most homeless adults were male, many reported having dependent children and experiencing out-of-home placements when they themselves were children, and high levels of physical health problems were observed. Significant national differences were also found: Those in Poland were older, had been homeless for longer, showed lower rates on all psychiatric diagnoses assessed (including severe mental and substance abuse disorders), reported less contact with family and supportive network members, were less satisfied when they sought support from their networks, and reported fewer recent stressful life events and fewer risky sexual behaviors. Culturally-informed interpretations of these findings and their implications are presented

Swimming for dementia: an exploratory qualitative study

Swimming is a non-weight bearing form of exercise that can be enjoyable and promote physical fitness. This qualitative study investigated a local group established as part of a national dementia swimming initiative. Semi-structured interviews with people with dementia (N=4), carers or companions (N=4) and the organisers and facilitators of the group (N=6) were analysed using thematic analysis. This revealed four main themes: (1) the pleasure of swimming and its benefits as a form of exercise and for building confidence and empowering participants; (2) the importance of insight and empathy in creating a safe and secure experience; (3) the impact of dementia; and (4) how participants valued being part of a group ‘all in the same boat’. ‘Dementia friendly swimming’ appears to be a valuable form of exercise but it requires considerable preparation and support to make it happen