Methods of competitiveness

Розглянуто теоретичні підходи до визначення конкурентоспроможності та запропоновано комплексний підхід щодо її оцінювання, що дасть можливість глобальніше підходити до вирішення проблем підвищення конкурентоспроможності галузі та забезпечення держави конкурентоспроможною продукцією. Зокрема, для аналізу конкурентоспроможності продукції доцільніше використовувати аналітичні методи її визначення, а для аналізу конкурентоспроможності підприємства чи галузі змішані, зокрема аналітичні, табличні та графічні методи. Але які б методи визначення не застосовувалися, необхідно враховувати ефективність діяльності організації, виходячи з конкурентоспроможності й ефективності кожного товару на кожному ринку відносно конкурентів, та розраховувати показник стійкості функціонування організації.Theoretical approaches to define the term of competitiveness are regarded and a comprehensive approach to its evaluation, which will enable more global approach to solving the problem of improving the competitiveness of the industry and providing the state with competitive products is suggested. In particular for the analysis of production competitiveness it is more appropriate to use analytical methods for its determination and to analyze the competitiveness of an enterprise or industry mixed, including analytical, tabular and graphical methods should be used. But whatever method is used it is necessary to take into account the efficiency of the organization, based on the competitiveness and efficiency of each product in each market relatively to its competitors, and calculate the rate of the organization sustainability. The competitiveness of an enterprise depends entirely on the competitiveness of its goods. Because the company can not be competitive, if it does not produce competitive products that are not able to meet the consumers’ needs. Thus, the two concepts – competitiveness of an enterprise and the competitiveness of its goods are interrelated. Competitiveness as an economic category means the ability of an individual business to stay ahead of its competitor in achieving this goal in a competitive market. Competitiveness is considered at the local and the global scale: from determining the competitiveness of goods / services to determination of the competitiveness of firms, industries and countries

Lily-Brick Peripheral Documents

The peripheral analysis of the composition of the novel Lily-Brick, by Ben Hold

Carbon nanofibres coated with Ni decorated MoS2 nanosheets as catalyst for vacuum residue hydroprocessing

9 págs.,7 figures, 3 tablesCatalysts based on functionalised carbon nanofibers (FCNF) coated with Ni-decorated MoS2 nanosheets were obtained by direct decomposition of ammonium thiomolybdate and nickel nitrate impregnated on the FCNF under controlled temperature conditions in inert atmosphere. The catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, Raman spectroscopy, temperature programmed reduction of sulfur species (TPR-S), NH3 temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Decomposition temperature was found to have a paramount importance in the formation of uniform MoS2 slabs, as revealed by the TEM study: at 600°C, non-uniform covering of the carbon nanofiber (CNF) was observed together with the presence of small round-shaped metal particles (ca. 20nm). On the other hand, at 450°C CNF appeared homogeneously covered by amorphous MoS2 slabs decorated with Ni, resulting in higher amount of coordinated unsaturated sites (CUS), as determined by TPR-S. Catalysts were tested in the hydroprocessing of a vacuum residue and the results were compared against a benchmark alumina-supported NiMo catalyst. Higher asphaltene conversions were obtained for the CNF-supported catalysts prepared at 450°C, which overperformed the Al2O3-supported benchmark catalyst. However, the catalytic performance in hydrodesulfurisation and hydrodemetallisation of the CNF-based catalysts was slightly lower than that of the benchmark catalyst.J.L.P. thanks the Spanish MEC for a personal grant (Spanish Scientists Mobility Program, ref. EX2009-0822). H.P., D.T and S.d.LL. thank CSIC for the funding of the short stays at ICB-CSIC or Imperial College (project I-LINK ref.0439). H.P. and S.d.LL. thank the support of CONACYT Mexico and DGA (Spain), respectively, for the award of their PhD grant. DT thanks the support of FEDER and Spanish Ministery of Economy and Competitiveness for the award of his PhD grant under the frame of the research project ENE2011-28318-C03-01.Peer Reviewe

Reference Librarianship and the Bible: Are Researchers Following God\u27s Methods to Understand God\u27s Book?

The Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL), Association of Christian Librarians (ACL), and other librarian associations strongly encourage the need to consult expert resources in reference transactions, and consistently rank scholarly publications as the most authoritative. This article applies and examines these reference principles in the context of biblical studies’ librarianship practices, and in light of the Bible’s own teachings. It concludes by encouraging Christian librarians to investigate the contents of recommended Bible resources, and challenges them to assess librarianship methodology using Scripture as a starting point