Entanglement entropy and entanglement spectrum of the Kitaev model

In this paper, we obtain an exact formula for the entanglement entropy of the ground state and all excited states of the Kitaev model. Remarkably, the entanglement entropy can be expressed in a simple separable form S=S_G+S_F, with S_F the entanglement entropy of a free Majorana fermion system and S_G that of a Z_2 gauge field. The Z_2 gauge field part contributes to the universal "topological entanglement entropy" of the ground state while the fermion part is responsible for the non-local entanglement carried by the Z_2 vortices (visons) in the non-Abelian phase. Our result also enables the calculation of the entire entanglement spectrum and the more general Renyi entropy of the Kitaev model. Based on our results we propose a new quantity to characterize topologically ordered states--the capacity of entanglement, which can distinguish the states with and without topologically protected gapless entanglement spectrum.Comment: 4.0 pages + supplementary material, published version in Phys. Rev. Let

Sexual consumption within sexual labour: producing and consuming erotic texts and sexual commodities

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Porn Studies on 7-9-2015, available online: https://doi.org/10.1080/23268743.2015.1051308This paper explores the various connections between two particularly feminized fields of sexual culture – erotic fiction and sex toys – through an examination of the accounts of five UK women who are both readers and writers (or producers) of erotic fiction. The qualitative data evidence, first, a network of production and consumption across the fields of erotica and sex toys, and, second, the formulation of erotica writing/producing as a form of implicit sex work in which sexual commodities are mobilized. Analysis is divided into three themes: ‘informing sexual knowledge’, in which the educative function of erotica is examined, particularly around sex-toy use; ‘mobilizing sexual experiences’, in which I argue that writing erotica involves mobilizing one's body and sexual experience to add value to the product; and ‘managing emotional risks’, in which the emotion, identity and boundary management strategies particular to this form of implicit sexual labour are examined

Application of polydopamine-modified triphasic PLA/PCL-PLGA/Mg(OH)2-velvet antler polypeptides scaffold loaded with fibrocartilage stem cells for the repair of osteochondral defects

Articular cartilage defects often involve damage to both the cartilage and subchondral bone, requiring a scaffold that can meet the unique needs of each tissue type and establish an effective barrier between the bone and cartilage. In this study, we used 3D printing technology to fabricate a tri-phasic scaffold composed of PLA/PCL-PLGA/Mg(OH)₂, which includes a cartilage layer, an osteochondral interface, and a bone layer. The scaffold was filled with Velvet antler polypeptides (VAP), and its characterization was assessed using compression testing, XRD, FTIR, SEM, fluorescence microscopy, and EDS. In vitro investigation demonstrated that the scaffold not only supported osteogenesis but also promoted chondrogenic differentiation of fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs). n vivo experiments showed that the tri-phasic PLA/PCL-PLGA/Mg(OH)2-VAP scaffold together with FCSC, when transplanted to animal models, increased the recovery of osteochondral defects. Those results demonstrate the promising future of illustrated tri-phasic PLA/PCL-PLGA/Mg(OH)2-VAP scaffold loaded with FCSCs as a new bone and cartilage tissue engineering approach for osteochondral defects treatment

An efficient algorithm for the stochastic simulation of the hybridization of DNA to microarrays

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Although oligonucleotide microarray technology is ubiquitous in genomic research, reproducibility and standardization of expression measurements still concern many researchers. Cross-hybridization between microarray probes and non-target ssDNA has been implicated as a primary factor in sensitivity and selectivity loss. Since hybridization is a chemical process, it may be modeled at a population-level using a combination of material balance equations and thermodynamics. However, the hybridization reaction network may be exceptionally large for commercial arrays, which often possess at least one reporter per transcript. Quantification of the kinetics and equilibrium of exceptionally large chemical systems of this type is numerically infeasible with customary approaches.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this paper, we present a robust and computationally efficient algorithm for the simulation of hybridization processes underlying microarray assays. Our method may be utilized to identify the extent to which nucleic acid targets (e.g. cDNA) will cross-hybridize with probes, and by extension, characterize probe robustnessusing the information specified by MAGE-TAB. Using this algorithm, we characterize cross-hybridization in a modified commercial microarray assay.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>By integrating stochastic simulation with thermodynamic prediction tools for DNA hybridization, one may robustly and rapidly characterize of the selectivity of a proposed microarray design at the probe and "system" levels. Our code is available at <url>http://www.laurenzi.net</url>.</p

Curative platforms: Disability, access, and food delivery work in Singapore

In the recent years, food delivery platforms in Southeast Asia have accepted people with disabilities as delivery workers, framing it as economic empowerment. This article examines this ambivalent bargain of economic rehabilitation in Singapore where Grab is headquartered. Drawing from historical records, it first traces the relations of “platform” to “access,” demonstrating how the framework of curative intermediaries had historically shaped expectations around work. Access in the 1980s was envisioned as intermediating infrastructural connections that could provide disabled people with resources, transforming them from liabilities to productive personhoods. The second portion draws from interviews with disabled delivery workers to highlight the problems that constitute this investment in intermediaries and cure. Although accommodative platforms provide some degree of economic inclusion, these accommodations are often partial, resulting in precarity, attrition, and injury. “Curative platforms,” therefore, signals the investment and twinning of cure and violence that subject the disabled to a compromised existence.</jats:p

Soft skills and hard numbers: Gender discourse in human resources

The cultural rise of “big data” in the recent years has pressured a number of occupations to make an epistemological shift toward data-driven science. Though expressed as a professional move, this article argues that the push incorporates gendered assumptions that disadvantage women. Using the human resource occupation as an example, I demonstrate how normative perceptions of feminine “soft skills” are seen as irreconcilable with the masculine “hard numbers” of a data-driven epistemology. The history of human resources reflects how assumptions of a biological fit with an occupation limit what women can convincingly describe as her skillsets. However, challenging this cannot stay within the confines of the occupation itself. To undo sexist thinking, it is necessary to understand the broader networks of patriarchal power that dictate how value is defined in corporate environments, especially within other high status professions in business

Office Interiors and the Fantasy of Information Work

This essay provides a historical context to the office interiors, describing its capacity to enchant the sphere of work and to transform the subjectivities of workers. Focusing on Florence Knoll and Robert Propst, American designers who contributed to the modern aesthetic in the postwar, I highlight how the sale of offices conveyed a fantasy of information work. Knoll and Propst had marketed their ideas using showrooms, textiles, seminars, and informational materials. These communicative practices emphasized the sensate quality of information work, which coached workers to recognize and interpret the visual, aural, and tactile quality of work environments. By doing so, it tied sensations of pleasure to the prospect of self-transformation, which provides basis for the modern attachment to beautified workspaces