Rice husk gasification for electricity generation in Cambodia in December 2014: Field trip report

Rice husks are the indigestible coatings of grains of rice. They are produced in large quantities by the rice milling industry, more than 1 million ton per year in Cambodia. In recent years, Cambodian enterprises have installed gasifiers, which burn rice husks to generate electricity. This is a two stage process: the biomass is first fed into a gasifier which produces syngas and ashes, then the syngas is cleaned and burned into an engine where it saves diesel fuel. Many of these enterprises have been in local communities currently without electricity or in fuel poverty.To learn more about the benefits and drawbacks of using rice-husk gasifiers, and to study about the sustainability challenges for deploying these technologies, the Clean energy and sustainable development lab (CleanED lab) of the University of Science and Technology of Hanoi (USTH), and the SNV Netherlands Development Organisation (SNV) have conducted a visit of several rice mills and rural electricity enterprises from 18 th to 22nd December 2014.Five rice mills and a rural electricity enterprise in Battambang, Siem Reap and Kampong Thom provinces were selected for the field survey. In addition with desk research, semi-structured interviews with gasifier users, with the representatives of Canadia Bank PLC and the Federation of Cambodian Rice Millers Association (FCRMA) during the field surveys were also conducted. This report present and justifies the main conclusions of the visit

Total soluble and insoluble oxalate contents of ripe green and golden kiwifruit

Three bulk samples of two different cultivars of kiwifruit, green (Actinidia deliciosa L.) and golden (Actinidia chinensis L.) were bought ripe, ready to eat from a local market. The aim of the study was to determine the oxalate composition of each of the three fractions of kiwifruit, namely skin, pulp and seeds. The pulp consisted of 90.4% of the edible portion of the two cultivars while the skin and seeds made up a mean of 8.0% and 1.6% respectively. Total oxalate was extracted with 2.0 M HCL at 21 °C for 15 min and soluble oxalates extracted at 21 °C in water for 15 min from each fraction. The total and soluble oxalate compositions of each fraction were determined using ion exchange HPLC chromatography. The pulp of golden kiwifruit contained lower amounts of total oxalates (15.7 vs. 19.3 mg/100 g FW) and higher amounts of soluble oxalates (8.5 vs. 7.6 mg/100 g FW) when compared to the green cultivar. The skin of the green cultivar contained lower levels of insoluble oxalates (36.9 vs. 43.6 mg/100 g FW), while the seeds of the green cultivar contained higher levels of insoluble oxalates 106.7 vs. 84.7 mg/100 g FW

A critical look at rice husk gasification in Cambodia: Technology and sustainability

International audienceIn recent years, many Cambodian enterprises have installed rice husk gasifiers to substitute diesel in the electricity production to run rice mills machinery, or to provide electricity for villages. This study provides a critical look at rice husk gasification by assessing the sustainability of deploying this technology in Cambodia, expressed through environmental, economic and social impacts, and evaluates if it can be applied in Vietnam. Results show that gasification technology works in Cambodia and contribute to the development of the rice-milling sector, however environmental issues are severe and should be treated. We observe that increase in rice husk demand also leads to increase in price of rice husk, therefore new investors should consider the effect of new rice husk market for their activities. We conclude that this technology would not be suitable for Vietnam and suggests studying other alternative technologies to convert rice husk into energy, such as steam engine or steam turbine, gasifier stove, briquetting or co-firing

Economic Instruments and the Pollution Impact of the 2006-2010 Vietnam Socio-Economic Development Plan

The current study derives optimal growth paths for pollution emission charges, in order to control future water pollution emissions in the Vietnamese manufacturing sector. The study builds on a prior study, which estimated the manufacturing sector pollution impact of the 2006- 2010 SEDP development plan for Vietnam (Jensen et al.; 2008). The current study demonstrates that effective implementation and moderate expansion of optimal emission charges, under certain conditions, could have been used, as part of the 2006-2010 SEDP development plan, to control pollution emissions at 2005 levels. Moreover, such a scenario would have been accompanied by a moderate expansion in fiscal revenues and a relatively minor economy-wide efficiency loss. The current study, therefore, suggests that effective implementation and gradual expansion of pollution emission charges should be incorporated into future SEDP development plans, in order to control pollution emissions as development progresses in Vietnam.Vietnam, manufacturing, CGE

INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF RISK LEVEL CAUSED BY HAZARDS IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF VIETNAM (CASES STUDY : CAM RANH-PHAN RI COASTAL ZONE)

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

STUDY ON TREATMENT OF THE LEACHATE FROM LANDFILL SITE AT NAMSON, SOCSON, HANOI

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

The study on factors affecting the participation in the organization of the community tourism by farmer households in Tra Ving province, Vietnam

Abstract. The study on the factors influencing farmer households’ participation in the organization of community-based tourism in Tra Vinh province was conducted by the gathering of primary data from 200 households in three islands of Tan Quy (Cau Ke district), Long Tri (Tra Vinh city), and Hoa Minh (Chau Thanh district) in Tra Vinh province. Through the use of the logistic regression model, the study found that there were six factors affecting the decision to participate in tourism, including the age of farmers, householders, and the educational level of householders, household size, family income, social relations and traditional trades. In particular, traditional trades, household income, and social relationships strongly influence farmers’ participation in organizing community-based tourism activities in Tra Vinh province.Keywords. Community tourism, Households, Island, Logistic regression, Income, Traditional trades.JEL. I13, I20, I30

表皮水疱症におけるかゆみメディエーターと炎症性サイトカインの新しい洞察

新潟大学Niigata University博士（医学）新大院博(医)第1045号doctoral thesi