Ablative performance of uncoated silicone-modified and shuttle baseline reinforced carbon composites

The relative ablative performance of uncoated silicone-modified reinforced carbon composite (RCC) and uncoated shuttle baseline RCC substrates was investigated. The test specimens were 13 plies (5.3 to 5.8 millimeters) thick and had a 25-millimeter-diameter test face. Prior to arc tunnel testing, all specimens were subjected to a heat treatment simulating the RCC coating process. During arc tunnel testing, the specimens were exposed to cold wall heating rates of 178 to 529 kilowatts/sq m and stagnation pressures ranging from 0.015 to 0.046 atmosphere at Mach 4.6 in air, with and without preheating in nitrogen. The results show that the ablative performance of uncoated silicone-modified RCC substrates is significantly superior to that of uncoated shuttle baseline RCC substrates over the range of heating conditions used. These results indicate that the silicone-modified RCC substrate would yield a substantially greater safety margin in the event of complete coating loss on the shuttle orbiter

Incivility in academic environments: If you see something, say something

This presentation entails a review of current literature on incivility in academic environments, risk factors, effects, and strategies for its reduction. The focus is at the broad institutional rather than disciplinary level., though the American Nurses Association developed a white paper on workplace incivility and bullying in 2015

A profile of U.S. nursing faculty in research-and practice-focused doctoral education

Session presented on Monday, November 9, 2015: Purpose and Significance: Growth in DNP programs has outpaced growth in PhD programs, and DNP graduates have moved into doctoral education in greater numbers than PhD graduates. This study aimed to ascertain characteristics of faculty teaching in DNP and PhD programs and of the schools in which they teach with particular attention to scholarly productivity. Methods: Data were collected via an on-line researcher-developed survey distributed nationally and completed by 554 faculty teaching in PhD, DNP, or both types of programs. The survey was based on review of the literature and on data from two focus groups involving PhD and DNP faculty. It addressed relative commitments to teaching, research/scholarship, and service, doctoral faculty members\u27 scholarly productivity, work-life balance, strategies to support research/scholarship activities and work-life balance, and characteristics of a successful faculty member. Data were analyzed using frequencies as well as tests of chi square and analysis of variance to compare faculty teaching only in PhD programs, faculty teaching only in DNP programs, and faculty teaching in both types of doctoral programs. Findings: DNP faculty reported less prior experience and current productivity in scholarship than faculty teaching in PhD programs only or both types of programs, though a majority reported that they are expected to conduct and publish research. PhD faculty are more likely to engage in grantsmanship and spend more time on scholarship; in addition they reported more support for scholarship from their institutions. Conclusions/Implications: Strategies are needed to ensure that doctoral programs are staffed by faculty who are prepared for doctoral education and that institutions are able to fulfill their research mission. Recommendations for strategies to address these issues will be discussed in the presentation

Menopausal stage, current life change, attitude toward women\u27s roles, and perceived health status in middle-aged women

A sample of 249 premenopausal, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women was studied in order to explore the relationships of menopausal stage, current life change and attitude toward women\u27s roles to perceived health status. The dependent variable was operationally defined as the sum of scores on the Health Perceptions Questionnaire, the Bradburn Affect Balance Scale and the Life Satisfaction Index. Hypotheses included that menopausal stage would be positively related to perceived health status, which was not supported; that current life change would be inversely related to perceived health status, which was supported (p \u3c .05); and that non-traditional attitude toward women\u27s roles is positively related to perceived health status, which was not supported

Falls, bone and joint injuries, and vision status among adult women respondents to the 2008 National Health Interview Survey

Friday, July 26, 2013: Purpose: Vision status, falls and injuries were examined among adult women participants in the 2008 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Nursing research has not focused on visual impairment, though marked increase in low vision and blindness is anticipated as the Boomer generation ages. The Capability Framework of Sen and Nussbaum provides a perspective of the well-being of persons with disabilities in terms of their functioning considering the freedoms that people have to enjoy the kind of life they value. Methods: A descriptive design entailed sample analysis of data from 12,267 women. Data were collected by US Census workers during home interviews using a complex probabilistic sampling design. Using SPSS 20.0 chi square analyses were performed and odds ratios were calculated to assess relative risk of fall and musculoskeletal injury among women reporting no vision loss, low vision, or blindness. Results: Women with no vision and low vision reported increased likelihood of falls within the past year, falls at least once per month, injury as a result of a fall in the past year, and falling due to tripping or stumbling, slipping, not seeing, or having had a problem with a walker, cane or other aid. No vision women were more likely to report than low vision women. Women with no vision and low vision reported significantly increased likelihood of fracture or joint injury that restricts activity, functional limitation from all conditions, musculoskeletal problems reducing activity, chronic bone or joint injury, and a chronic musculoskeletal problem, with no vision women being more likely to report than low vision women. Conclusion: Impaired vision is associated with falls and with injury which may be chronic. Given the anticipated increase in the incidence of low vision and blindness as Boomers age, strategies to reduce risk of fall and\u27injury among women with no vision or low vision is need to be tested

Mental health status indicators and vision status among adult women respondents to the 2010-2013 National Health Interview Surveys

Session presented on Monday, July 27, 2015: Purpose: Examination of self-reported vision status as it relates to the self-reporting of mental health status indicators (MHSIs) among adult women participants in the 2010-2013 National Health Interview Surveys. Nursing research has not focused on visual impairment, though recent surveys suggest that there will be a marked increase in low vision and blindness as the Boomer generation ages. The Capability Framework provides a perspective of the well-being of persons with disabilities in terms of their functioning. It considers the freedoms that people have to enjoy the kind of life they value. Two of ten fundamental capabilities that disability can constrain include body integrity and control over one\u27s environment. Methods: A descriptive design entailed intra-sample analysis of an existing data base. The sample comprised 74,640 women ages 18 to 85+ in the 2010-2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) Adult Samples. Data were collected by US Census workers during home interviews with telephone follow-up, using a complex probabilistic sampling design. All states and the District of Columbia are represented; underserved minority groups were purposively over-sampled. The NHIS is a computer assisted personal interview that takes approximately one hour. Most items are fixed response questions. The interview schedule can be reviewed on the NHIS website. Using SPSS 22.0 chi square analyses were performed to assess the relationship between vision loss affecting Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and selected various MHSIs. Results: Women reporting no vision comprised 1.6% of the sample, while 16.8% reported low vision even with correction. Among the sample, 4.3% of women reported that vision loss caused difficulty with ADLs. Vision status was not directly associated with the occurrence of MHSIs. However, women for whom vision loss caused difficulty with ADLs were significantly more likely to report that they experience emotional problems that caused difficulty with ADLs; and they were more likely to report having seen a mental health professional within the past year than women not reporting difficulty with ADSs associated with vision loss. Conclusion: The percentage of women self-reporting no vision or low vision is substantial. Loss of vision that causes difficulty with ADLs is associated with increased reporting of emotional problems that cause difficulty with ADLs. MHSIs are known to be related to numerous health alterations and indicators including life expectancy. Given the anticipated increase in the numbers of people with low vision and blindness as Boomers age, assessment of mental health status among women with vision loss is an area of need, and strategies to improve their mental health status need to be devised and tested

Gender Differences in Depression: Assessing Mediational Effects of Overt Behaviors and Environmental Reward through Daily Diary Monitoring

Gender differences in the prevalence of depression are well documented. To further explore the relation between gender and depression, this study used daily diaries to examine gender differences within thirteen behavioral domains and whether differential frequency of overt behaviors and environmental reward mediated the relationship between gender and depression severity. The sample included 82 undergraduate students [66% females; 84% Caucasian; Mean age = 20.2 years]. Overall, females engaged in a significantly greater breadth of behavioral domains and reported a higher level of environmental reward. Females spent more time in the domains of health/hygiene, spiritual activities, and eating with others. Males spent more time in the domains of physical activity, sexual activity, and hobbies and recreational experiences. Females found social activities, passive/sedentary behaviors, eating with others, and engagement in “other” activities more rewarding. Gender had a significant direct effect on depression severity, with females reporting increased depression. This effect was attenuated by the mediator (total environmental reward) such that to the extent females exhibited increased environmental reward, the gender effect on depression was attenuated. These data support behavioral models of depression, indicate increased reinforcement sensitivity among females, and have clinical relevance in the context of assessment and behavioral activation interventions for depression