Ict employment, over-education and gender in Spain. Do Information and Communication Technologies improve the female labour situation?

"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: New Technology, Work and Employment 25.3 (2010): 238-252, which has been published in final form at [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-005X.2010.00251.x]. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."This paper investigates the extent to which ICT-related employment is improving the labour situation of women in Spain by reducing female over-education. Outcomes indicate no reduction in female over-education, nor does a woman’s marital status produce any significant differences. However, the best result is observed for ICT occupations linked to higher job quality characteristics

Potential loss of nutrients from different rearing strategies for fattening pigs on pasture

Nutrient load and distribution on pasture were investigated with fattening pigs that: 1) spend a proportion of or their entire life on pasture, 2) were fed either restrictively or ad libitum, and 3) were weaned at different times of the year. The N and P retention in pigs decreased the longer they were kept on pasture. The contents of soil inorganic N and exchangeable K were significantly raised compared to the soil outside the enclosures but with no differences between treatments. Pig grazing did not affect extractable soil P. Regular moving of huts, feeding and water troughs was effective in ensuring that nutrients were more evenly distributed on the paddocks. Grass cover, as determined by spectral reflectance, was not related to the experimental treatments but only to time of year. During spring and summer, grass was present in parts of the paddocks, whereas during autumn and winter the pigs kept grass cover below 10%. Fattening pigs on pasture carries a high risk of nutrient loss and it is concluded that the most environmentally acceptable way of keeping fattening pigs on pasture involves a combination of reduced dietary N intake, reduced stocking rate and seasonal rather than all year production

Part‐Time Work in the EEC Countries: Evolution during the 1980s

Whereas part‐time working remains the exponent par excellence of the flexibility of female employment, its relative growth seems to have come to a standstill in both Denmark and the United Kingdom as far as women are concerned, and for men it is now becoming more a matter of young people offsetting studies and work. In France, the Netherlands, Belgium, the UK, Ireland and Germany, the increase in female employment between 1983 and 1989 is largely attributable to the growth of part‐time employment. The difference with respect to the countries of the South of Europe is striking since the proportion of part‐time working there is low, and has not increased significantly since 1983. Its concentration in already very close sectors, its non‐optional nature, insecurity and awkward working hours make part‐time employment of very little personal value for employees. Copyright © 1993, Wiley Blackwell. All rights reservedSCOPUS: ar.jFLWNAinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

A Evolução e Migração dos Sistemas de Gestão da Segurança e Saúde do Trabalho para a ISO 45001:2018

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