Thermodynamic properties of neutral particle in presence of Topological defects in Magnetic Cosmic String Background

In this paper, we study the covariant form of the non-relativistic Schrodinger-Pauli equation in the space-time generated by a cosmic string and discuss the solutions of this equation in present of interaction between the magnetic dipole momentum and electromagnetic field. We study the influence of the topology on this system. We obtain the solution of radial part as well as the energy levels. We consider all thermodynamic properties of neutral particle in magnetic cosmic string background by using an approach based on the partition function method

The Dirac oscillator in a spinning cosmic string spacetime

We examine the effects of gravitational fields produced by topological defects on a Dirac field and a Dirac oscillator in a spinning cosmic string spacetime. We obtain the eigenfunctions and the energy levels of the relativistic field in that background and consider the effect of various parameters, such as the frequency of the rotating frame, the oscillator's frequency, the string density and other quantum numbers.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Phase mixing of propagating Alfven waves in a stratified atmosphere: Solar spicules

Alfvenic waves are thought to play an important role in coronal heating and solar wind acceleration. Recent observations by Hinode/SOT showed that the spicules mostly exhibit upward propagating high frequency waves. Here we investigate the dissipation of such waves due to phase mixing in stratified environment of solar spicules. Since they are highly dynamic structures with speeds at about significant fractions of the Alfven phase speed, we take into account the effects of steady flows. Our numerical simulations show that in the presence of stratification due to gravity, damping takes place in space than in time. The exponential damping low, exp(-At^3), is valid under spicule conditions, however the calculated damping time is much longer than the reported spicule lifetimes from observations.Comment: Published in Astrophysics and Space Science. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1209.211

Estimation of the cranial capacity and brain weight of Iranian female newborns

Anthropological measurements such as brain weight and cranial capacity are of practical use for the evaluation the health of newborns and also as a basis for the cranium alterations in future years of life. The present research was carried out to determine brain weight and cranial capacity and the effect of the ethnic factor on them in female newborns in northern Iran. In this study, 423 normal female newborns in Turkman (n=211) and Native Fars (n=212) groups were evaluated by classic cephalometry. The means and SD of the cranial capacity in the native Fars and Turkman groups were 438.16 ± 63.5 and 418.84 ± 33.19 milliliters, respectively (p<0.05). The means and SD of brain weight in Fars and Turkman newborns were 453.50 ± 65.72 and 433.50 ± 34.35 grams respectively (p<0.05). The results of this investigation show that the ethnic factor could influence brain weight and cranial capacity in Iranian female newborns

Antioxidant properties of cashew leaves' extracts before and after treatment with activated carbon used in cosmetics

Natural ingredients such as cashew leaves extract could be an attractive candidate in cosmetic formulation. However, the plant extracts are normally dark brown and greenish color that might spoil the appearance of the products if they are added in cosmetic formulation. In order to solve this problem, use of activated carbon was tested to eliminate the intense color of plant extract without affecting the cosmeceutical properties. Ethanol and water extracts of cashew leaves were compared for the cosmeceutical properties mainly antioxidants. The system was tested with different concentrations of cashew leaves extract (CLE-5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%) for solid and liqufied form of cashew leaves extract (CLE) before treatment with activated carbon and after treatment with (10, 15, 20 and 25g). The study shows that 15g activated carbon using 20%CLE (water) produces 0.13 radical scavenging activity (RSC%) antioxidant. Moreover, using a similar system, 25%CL (ethanol) produces 0.10(RSC%) antioxidants

The DKP oscillator with a linear interaction in the cosmic string space-time

We study the relativistic quantum dynamics of a DKP oscillator field subject to a linear interaction in cosmic string space-time in order to better understand the effects of gravitational fields produced by topological defects on the scalar field. We obtain the solution of DKP oscillator in the cosmic string background. Also, we solve it with an ansatz in presence of linear interaction. We obtain the eigenfunctions and the energy levels of the relativistic field in that background.Comment: 14 pages, no figure, comments are welcom

On the identification of Ti-Ta-Nb-oxides in “wiikites” from Karelia

Purpose. With respect to the nature of Ti-Ta-Nb-oxides, which are included in the mineral associations that have historically gone by the now outdated name of “wiikites”, there is no unanimity of opinion. The main difficulty in identifying them is associated with the complexity of their chemical composition, their metamict structure and the substantial changes in their initial mineral form due to the effects of natural weathering. The aim of this work is the development of methodology to identify Ti-Ta-Nb-oxides corresponding to the mineral formulas AB2O6 and A2B2O7. Methods. The methodology developed in the work includes two experimental approaches: 1) electron probe microanalysis of phases revealed through use of the SEM-BSE method. Based on the resulting data, a hypothesis about the nature of the Ti-Ta-Nb-oxides in a number of wiikite samples is proposed. 2) XRD analysis of those phases that are formed in the course of thermal annealing of samples from 200 to 1000°C. Based on the resulting data here, the previous hypotheses are either accepted or rejected for each sample. Findings. Using this methodology, three “wiikite” samples were analyzed (the experimental codes were Wk-2, Wk-3 and Wk-7). The Ti-Ta-Nb-oxides in two of these wiikites (Wk-2 and Wk-3) were preliminarily determined to be hydroxyyttropyrochlore and hydroxycalciobetafite, respectively. In the third sample (Wk-7), the Ti-Ta-Nb-oxide was classified as polycrase. The results of XRD phase analysis of the annealed samples were compatible with the primary hypotheses that hydroxycalciobetafite and polycrase were the initial minerals in “wiikites” 3 and 7, respectively. Originality. The paper considers the issue of the chemical conditions necessary for the recovery of the original Ti-Ta-Nb-oxide during recrystallization of the metamict structures. This is a problem that has not been substantively addressed in the literature. Also for the first time experimentally proved the existence of the polycrase in “wiikites”. Practical implications. Completed work expands our knowledge of the mineral composition of the granitic pegmatites of the Baltic shield and the possibility of their use both for research purposes and for needs of national economy.Мета. Розробка методології ідентифікації Ti-Ta-Nb-оксидів складного хімічного складу з метаміктною структурою, що відповідають мінеральним формулами АВ2О6 та А2В2О7. Методика. Для розробки методології ідентифікації у роботі використано два експериментальних підходи: 1) рентген-спектральний мікроаналіз фаз, виявлених методом скануючої електронної мікроскопії зразків у назад відображених електронах. На основі отриманих результатів висунута гіпотеза щодо природи Ti-Ta-Nb-оксидів. 2) рентген-дифракційний аналіз фаз, що утворюються в процесі термічного відпалу зразків від 200 до 1000°С. На основі отриманих результатів для кожного зразка первинна гіпотеза приймалася або відкидалася. Результати. З використанням даної методики були вивчені три зразки “віікітів” (шифри зразків: Wk-2, Wk-3 і Wk-7). Наявність Ti-Ta-Nb-оксидів попередньо визначено e двох зразках (Wk-2 і Wk-3) відповідно, як гідроксііттропірохлор та гідроксікальціобетафіт. У третьому зразку (Wk-7) Ti-Ta-Nb діагностований як полікраз. Результати рентген-дифракційного аналізу відпалених зразків підтвердили гіпотези про те, що початковими мінералами у Wk-3 і Wk-7 були гідроксікальціобетафіт і полікраз відповідно. Наукова новизна. Визначено хімічні умови, необхідні для утворення початкового Тi-Ta-Nb під час рекристалізації метаміктної структури, що раніше не розглядалось у відповідній тематичній науковій літературі. Вперше експериментально виявлено присутність у “віікітах” полікраза. Практична значимість. Отримані результати розширюють й доповнюють знання щодо мінерального складу гранітних пегматитів Балтійського щита та надають можливість їх використання в дослідницьких цілях і потребах народного господарства.Цель. Разработка методологии идентификации Ti-Ta-Nb-оксидов сложного химического состава с метамиктной структурой, соответствующих минеральным формулам АВ2О6 и А2В2О7. Методика. Для разработки методологии идентификации в работе использовано два экспериментальных подхода: 1) рентген-спектральный микроанализ фаз, выявленных методом сканирующей электронной микроскопии образцов в обратно отраженных электронах. На основе полученных результатов выдвинута гипотеза о природе Ti-Ta-Nb-оксидов. 2) рентген-дифракционный анализ фаз, образующихся в процессе термического отжига образцов от 200 до 1000°С. На основе полученных результатов для каждого образца первоначальная гипотеза принималась или отвергалась. Результаты. С использованием данной методики были изучены три образца “виикитов” (шифры образцов: Wk-2, Wk-3 и Wk-7). Наличие Ti-Ta-Nb-оксидов предварительно определено в двух образцах (Wk-2 и Wk-3) соответственно, как гидроксииттропирохлор и гидроксикальциобетафит. В третьем образце (Wk-7) Ti-Ta-Nb диагностирован как поликраз. Результаты рентген-дифракционного анализа отожженных образцов подтвердили гипотезы о том, что первоначальными минералами в Wk-3 и Wk-7 были гидроксикальциобетафит и поликраз соответственно. Научная новизна. Определены химические условия, необходимые для образования первоначального Тi-Ta-Nb во время рекристаллизации метамиктной структуры, что ранее не рассматривалось в соответствующих тематических научных литературе. Впервые экспериментально выявлено присутствие в “виикитах” поликраза. Практическая значимость. Полученные результаты расширяют и дополняют знания о минеральном составе гранитных пегматитов Балтийского щита и дают возможности их использования в исследовательских целях и нуждах народного хозяйства.The study was conducted using equipment of the Center of X-ray Diffraction Studies and the Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis of the Research Park at Saint Petersburg State University, as well as the analytical laboratory of OJSC MMC Norilsk Nickel in Saint Petersburg