Small bowel perforation and death caused by anaplastic thyroid carcinoma metastasis in a patient with concomitant colonic and bilateral breast carcinoma.

Undifferentiated or anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is rare and one of the most aggressive human malignancies. The tumor is usually voluminous and fast-growing and mostly affects older women. The most common sites of distant metastases are the lungs, brain, and bones. Herein, we describe the case of a 66-year-old woman with a history of bilateral breast carcinoma and ATC, who presented with an acute abdomen and subsequently died. At autopsy, an isolated metastasis of ATC in the small intestine leading to bowel perforation was found. Moreover, there was adenocarcinoma in the descending colon. The review of extra-abdominal malignancies metastasizing to bowel and coincidence of breast and thyroid carcinoma is included

Perceived Stress Levels and Support of Student Disability Services

Perceived stress of university students tends to be higher for students with disabilities compared to students without disabilities. Students with disabilities may therefore require campus support to manage additional stress they encounter. The current study investigated the relationship between students’ perceived stress levels and enrollment in university campus Disability Services for Students (DSS). Three groups of university students were studied: those without disabilities (n = 42), those with disabilities registered with DSS (n = 21), and those with disabilities not registered with DSS (n = 23). Three hypotheses were tested. First, students with disabilities would have higher overall perceived stress levels compared to students without disabilities. Second, students with disabilities who were not registered with DSS would experience a higher level of perceived stress compared to students with disabilities who were registered with DSS. Third, students with disabilities registered with DSS would have a similar level of perceived stress to students without disabilities. Student participants completed an online self-report survey containing the Perceived Stress Scale(Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983). A one-way analysis of variance was conducted to investigate potential differences in perceived stress levels between the three groups. The results indicated that students with disabilities reported higher levels of stress compared to their peers without disabilities, yet DSS had no significant effect on perceived stress among students with disabilities. With these findings, we suggest that further research on the relationship between DSS and other academic factors, such as students’ grade point average, should be conducted

Tumours in the Historical and Cultural Context of the 18th and 19th Centuries

Článek sleduje vývoj lékařského paradigmatu od starověkého modelu humorální patologie, který interpretuje nemoci jako nerovnováhu tělesných šťáv, k patologické anatomii a experimentální fyziologii. V patologicko-anatomickém přístupu přestávají být vnitřní orgány pacienta pouhými „projekčními plátny“ nemoci a stávají se skutečnými „místy“ nemoci. To znamená posun od humoralismu k lokalismu nebo ontologismu, kdy nemoc již není vnímána pouze jako abnormální množství přirozených šťáv, ale jako samostatná entita sama o sobě. V 18. století se patologická anatomie stala samostatným oborem, který nahradil starobylé pojetí nádorů jako koagulací černé žluči. K dalšímu pokroku došlo v 19. století spolu s příchodem buněčné teorie, která pojímala nádory jako masy nadměrně se dělících buněk, které vzdorují regulačním mechanismům organismu a zároveň jsou jím stále vyživovány, obvykle ke škodě organismu a jeho smrti. Studie se zaměřuje na práce vybraných německy a anglicky píšících lékařů 18. a převážně 19. století. V závěru text identifikuje dva hlavní důvody pro chápání nádorů jako samostatných parazitických entit. Prvním důvodem je systematické pěstování patologické anatomie v pitevnách spolu s rozvojem světelné mikroskopie a histologického výzkumu. Druhý důvod spočívá ve společenských proměnách v Evropě 19. století, kde se absolutistické státy vyvinuly do občanských společností, což podpořilo pojetí organismu jako „buněčného státu“ – souboru jednotek vedoucích individuální i kolektivní život. Aplikace tohoto pojetí na nádory je patrná v dějinách 19., 20. i 21. století.The article traces the evolution of the medical paradigm from the ancient model of humoral pathology, which interprets diseases as imbalances in bodily fluids, toward pathological anatomy and experimental physiology. In the pathological-anatomical approach, the patient\u27s internal organs cease to be mere “projection screens” of illness and instead become the actual “sites” of disease. This marks a shift from humoralism to localism or ontologism, wherein disease is no longer viewed simply as an abnormal quantity of natural humours but as a distinct entity in itself. By the 18th century, the pathological anatomy emerged as a field, replacing the ancient conception of tumours as coagulations of black bile. This was further advanced in the 19th century with the advent of cell theory, which conceptualized tumours as masses of excessively dividing cells that resist the organism\u27s regulatory mechanisms while still being nourished by it, typically to the organism\u27s detriment and death. The study focuses on the work of selected German- and English-speaking physicians in the 18th and, predominantly, the 19th centuries. It concludes by identifying two primary reasons for the understanding of tumours as independent parasitic entities. The first reason is the systematic cultivation of pathological anatomy in dissection rooms, alongside the development of light microscopy and histological research. The second reason lies in the societal transformations in 19th-century Europe, where absolutist states evolved into civil societies, fostering the notion of the organism as a “cellular state”—a collection of units leading both individual and collective lives. The application of this concept to tumours is evident throughout the histories of the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries

DIFFERENCES IN TEMPORAL VARIABLES AND THEIR EFFECT ON KINETICS IN HIGH SCHOOL PITCHERS WITH HIGH AND LOW PITCH VELOCITIES

The purpose of this study was to compare temporal parameters between high and low velocity high school (HS) pitchers and investigate the influence these parameters have on both pitch speed and upper extremity kinetics. 30 healthy right-handed HS male pitchers with no recent injuries, and clearance to play were included. A 3D motion analysis system was used. Analysis included 15 kinetic and 35 temporal variables. Statistical tests conducted in SPSS. Correlation strength was interpreted as weak, moderate, or strong. High velocity and low velocity throwers showed differences in the timing to progress through the pitching cycle and these temporal variables showed separate relations to pitch speed and kinetics

Analysis of Internal Information System Innovation in The Company Skoda Auto

Práce se zabývá analýzou inovace nově vzniklého vnitropodnikového informačního systému výrobní společnosti. Práce se detailně zaměřuje na obsah daného systému a jeho správu. K definování obsahu informačního systému použijeme analýzu produktového portfolia a další marketingové nástroje se zaměřením na nový model Kodiaq. Dále se budeme věnovat porovnání stávajícího a inovovaného systému, který slouží ke komunikaci mezi výrobní společností a obchodní sítí. Po analytické části budou představeny návrhy a doporučení.This thesis deals with analysis of the innovation of newly created information system of the production company. This thesis focuses in detail on the content of the system and its management. To define the content of the information system, we will use product portfolio analysis and other marketing tools with a focus on the new Kodiaq model. Next, we will compare the existing and innovated system used for communication between the manufacturing company and the trading network. Analytical part will be presented with suggestions and recommendations

Analysis of flow and sedimentation processes in secondary sedimentation tank

In the process of design and operation of sewerage system are used empirical formulas, which are in many cases, become obsolete and unusable when somebody can use nowadays modern technologies and materials. Therefore there is the possibility of using the mathematical models enormous importance for the enhanced environmental protection with the lowest operating and investment costs. In this modern method of analyzing of sewers has been designated as the first object, the object sedimentation tank. The purpose of the primary and secondary settling tank is to ensure the reduction of concentration the floating solids. For the solution of research work has been chosen, after consultations with representatives of the Western Slovakia Water Company as interesting object of sedimentation tank located on the waste water treatment plant Nitra - Dolné Krškany. Measurements on the object settlement tank situated at waste water treatment plant Nitra confirmed the expected speed parameters of the sewage in the tank. The velocity of wastewater is in the most cases very low, and even insignificant. However, finding that the sludge cloud has a non-standard form of a double wave gives the opportunity to optimize the operation of facilities sedimentation tank. The measured parameters are used as calibration parameters to input to the mathematical simulations, which are created by software ANSYS fluent

Применение технических газов и их семейств в современных промышленных технологиях: обзор

The aim of the study is to review the use of gas products of natural and synthetic origin and their future application prospects. To achieve this goal, a number of high-tech technologies were pre-sented and analyzed. The phase equilibrium parameters of inert and fluorine-containing gases were shown, as well as the temperature ranges in which certain refrigerants can be applied. Ex-amples of cooler schemes for providing rectification processes at 28 and 210 K were given. The processes of refrigeration cycles in T-s diagrams of neon and R116 (hexafluoroethane) were shown. Schemes of helium systems for heat removal at the level of 5…28 K were considered. The areas of application of Xe, Kr, Ne, and He in modern technologies, particularly in laser technology, space exploration, lamp industry, and medicine, were highlighted. The most signifi-cant result of the work is the determination of the important role of isotopic components of inert gases for the future of energy, functional diagnostics, metrology, and other fields. In semicon-ductor manufacturing, many inert gases are used as protective environments and working media in ion-plasma and ion-beam etching in vacuum chambers. In plasma chemical surface treatment, substances containing one or more halogen atoms act as active gases. The significance of the results achieved is evident in that, in the context of a global shortage of technical gases, the de-velopment of resource-saving technologies is becoming relevant. Among these, gas product re-cycling, where gas concentrates were obtained from used mixtures, enriched, and subjected to deep purification for the secondary use of target products, is the most promising.Scopul studiului este de a revizui utilizarea produselor gazoase de origine naturală și sintetică și perspectivele viitoare de aplicare a acestora. Pentru a atinge acest obiectiv, au fost prezentate și analizate o serie de tehnologii de înaltă tehnologie. Au fost prezentați parametrii de echilibru de fază ai gazelor inerte și care conțin fluor, precum și intervalele de temperatură în care pot fi aplicați anumiți agenți frigorifici. Au fost date exemple de scheme de răcire pentru furnizarea de procese de rectificare la 28 și 210 K. Au fost: prezentate procesele ciclurilor de refrigerare în diagramele T-s de neon și R116 (hexafluoretan), luate în considerare scheme de sisteme de heliu pentru îndepărtarea căldurii la nivelul 5...28 K, evidențiate domeniile de aplicare ale lui Xe, Kr, Ne și He în tehnologiile moderne, în special în tehnologia laser, explorarea spațiului, industria lămpilor și medicină. Cel mai important rezultat al lucrării este determinarea rolului important al componentelor izotropice ale gazelor inerte pentru viitorul energiei, diagnosticării funcționale, metrologiei și altor domenii. În producția de semiconductori, multe gaze inerte sunt utilizate ca medii de protecție și medii de lucru în gravarea cu plasmă ionică și prin fascicul ionic în camerele de vid. În tratamentul chimic al suprafeței cu plasmă, substanțele care conțin unul sau mai mulți atomi de halogen acționează ca gaze active. Semnificația rezultatelor obținute este evidentă prin faptul că, în contextul penuriei globale de gaze tehnice, dezvoltarea tehnologiilor de economisire a resurselor devine relevantă. Dintre acestea, reciclarea produselor gazoase, în care concentratele de gaze sunt obținute din amestecuri uzate, îmbogățite și supuse unei epurări profunde pentru utilizarea secundară a produselor țintă, este cea mai promițătoare.Цель работы – рассмотрение сферы использования газовых продуктов природного и синтетического происхождения и дальнейшие перспективы их применения. Для достижения поставленной цели был приведен и проанализирован ряд наукоемких технологий. Представлены параметры фазового равновесия инертных и фторсодержащих газов и показаны температурные интервалы, в которых возможно применение отдельных хладагентов. Даны примеры схем охладителей для обеспечения процессов ректификации при 28 и 210 К. Показаны процессы рефрижераторных циклов в T-s диаграммах неона и R116 (гексафторэтана). Рассмотрены схемы гелиевых систем для отвода тепла на уровне 5...28 К. Отражены области применения Хе, Kr, Ne и Не в современных технология, в частности, лазерной технике, космонавтике, ламповой промышленности и медицине. Наиболее существенным результатом работы является определение важного значения изотопных компонентов инертных газов для энергетики будущего, функциональной диагностики, метрологии и других сферах. В производстве полупроводников используется множество инертных газов в качестве защитных сред и рабочих тел при ионно-плазменном и ионно-лучевом травлении в вакуумных камерах. При плазмохимической обработке поверхностей в качестве активных газов выступают вещества, содержащие один или более атомов галогенов. Значимость достигнутых результатов проявляется том, что в условиях глобального дефицита технических газов актуальным становится развитие ресурсосберегающих технологий. Среди них наиболее перспективен рециклинг газовых продуктов, при котором из отработанных смесей получают газовые концентраты, обогащают их и подвергают глубокой очистке с целью вторичного использования целевых продуктов

Implementation of the percolation facilities for rainwater runoff reduction

Abstract The article is aimed at finding out the behavior of the combined sewer network in the event of the occurrence of extreme precipitation events, which are associated with changes in the rainfall - runoff process in the urbanized area. Given the current situation of increased surface runoff in the urbanized area, it is necessary to extend the use of objects to reduce rainfall to the sewerage network. Part of the case-study was the design of percolation facilities in town Vráble, which are among the most used and most effective reduction measures. After designing the infiltration equipment and reducing the amount of rainwater discharged into the single sewerage network, the assessment of the sewerage network is satisfactory throughout the whole territory