Type-II InAs/GaAsSb/GaAs quantum dots as artificial quantum dot molecules

We have studied theoretically the type-II GaAsSb capped InAs quantum dots for two structures differing in the composition of the capping layer, being either (i) constant or (ii) with Sb accumulation above the apex of the dot. We have found that the hole states are segmented and resemble the states in the quantum dot molecules. The two-hole states form singlet and triplet with the splitting energy of 4{\mu}eV / 325{\mu}eV for the case (i) / (ii). We have also tested the possibility to tune the splitting by vertically applied magnetic field. As the predicted tunability range was limited, we propose an approach for its enhancement

Anomalies of the infrared-active phonons in underdoped YBCO as an evidence for the intra-bilayer Josephson effect

The spectra of the far-infrared c-axis conductivity of underdoped YBCO crystals exhibit dramatic changes of some of the phonon peaks when going from the normal to the superconducting state. We show that the most striking of these anomalies can be naturally explained by changes of the local fields acting on the ions arising from the onset of inter- and intra-bilayer Josephson effects.Comment: Revtex, epsf, 6 pages, 3 figures encapsulated in tex

Raman and infrared studies of La_1-ySr_yMn_1-xM_xO_3 (M=Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Sc or Ga): Oxygen disorder and local vibrational modes

We present results of our study of polarized Raman scattering and infrared reflectivity of rhombohedral ceramic La_1-ySr_yMn_1-xM_xO_3 manganites in the temperature range between 77 and 320K. In our samples, a part of the Mn atoms is substituted by M = Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Sc, or Ga with x in the range 0 -- 0.1. The hole concentration was kept at the optimal value of about 32% by tuning the Sr content y. We have monitored the distortions of the oxygen sublattice by the presence of broad bands in the Raman spectra, the increase of d.c. resistivity extracted from the infrared reflectivity, and the change of the critical temperature of the ferromagnetic transition. Our results support the idea, that these properties are mainly determined by the radius of the substituent ion, its electronic and magnetic structure playing only a minor role. Furthermore, the Raman spectra exhibit an additional A_g-like high frequency mode attributed to the local breathing vibration of oxygens surrounding the substituent ion. Its frequency and intensity strongly depend on the type of the substituent. In the Co-substituted sample, the mode anomalously softens when going from 300 to 77K. The frequency of the bulk A_{1g} mode depends linearly on the angle of the rhombohedral distortion.Comment: 11 pages, 11 Figures, best-fit values table added, a discussion adde

Anomalous oxygen isotope effect on the in-plane FIR conductivity of detwinned YBa2Cu316,18^{16,18}O6.9_{6.9}

We observe an anomalous oxygen isotope effect on the a-axis component of the far-infrared electronic response of detwinned YBa2Cu3$^{16,18}$O$_{6.9}$. For $^{18}$O a pronounced low-energy electronic mode (LEM) appears around 240 cm$^{-1}$. This a-axis LEM exhibits a clear aging effect, after one year it is shifted to 190 cm$^{-1}$. For $^{16}$O we cannot resolve a corresponding a-axis LEM above 120 cm$^{-1}$. We interpret the LEM in terms of a collective electronic mode that is pinned by `isotopic defects', i.e. by the residual $^{16}$O in the matrix of $^{18}$O.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

Optical properties of carbon nanofiber photonic crystals

Carbon nanofibers (CNF) are used as components of planar photonic crystals. Square and rectangular lattices and random patterns of vertically aligned CNF were fabricated and their properties studied using ellipsometry. We show that detailed information such as symmetry directions and the band structure of these novel materials can be extracted from considerations of the polarization state in the specular beam. The refractive index of the individual nanofibers was found to be n_CNF = 4.1.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

Traces of the House of the Catechumens in \u3ci\u3eThe Plot Against America\u3c/i\u3e

The purpose of this paper is to give readers of the novel The Plot Against America by Philip Roth background information to better understand the novel. It argues that Philip Roth was aware of the Jewish to Catholic conversion institution of the early modern period known as the “House of the Catechumens,” and uses his knowledge of it to inform the experiences of the character Sandy Roth, a Jewish teenager, in the novel. Sandy’s experiences with the institution called the “Office of American Absorption” in a historically fictitious 20th-century America bear striking resemblances to the Jewish experience in the House of the Catechumens, and the paper uses these parallels to make its argument

Oral Vocabulary Development Program For A Transitional First Grade Program

The purpose of this project was to improve the academic performance of transitional first grade students by developing the students’ oral vocabularies. The researcher developed a 12 week vocabulary development curriculum; by using a natural language approach 104 words were introduced. The classroom teacher presented the daily 20 minute lessons. Pre- and post-implementation vocabulary ages were measured with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R). Pretest vocabulary ages ranged from two years and zero months to five years and four months. Final test results indicated the vocabulary ages of the 19 participating students increased and average of 11 months. Individual student improvement ranged from three months to 22 months. The oral language patterns of the participating students were English, Spanish, and bilingual Spanish. The author has recommended a similar program be implemented in kindergarten and transitional firs grade to attempt a correlation of vocabulary and chronological ages to enhance student potential. Appendices include vocabulary list and two sample lessons

Asymmetry to symmetry transition of Fano line-shape: Analytical derivation

An analytical derivation of Fano line-shape asymmetry ratio has been presented here for a general case. It is shown that Fano line-shape becomes less asymmetric as \q is increased and finally becomes completely symmetric in the limiting condition of q equal to infinity. Asymmetry ratios of Fano line-shapes have been calculated and are found to be in good consonance with the reported expressions for asymmetry ratio as a function of Fano parameter. Application of this derivation is also mentioned for explanation of asymmetry to symmetry transition of Fano line-shape in quantum confined silicon nanostructures.Comment: 3 figures, Latex files, Theoretica

In-plane polarized collective modes in detwinned YBa2_{2}Cu3_{3}O6.95_{6.95} observed by spectral ellipsometry

The in-plane dielectric response of detwinned YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{6.95}$ has been studied by far-infared ellipsometry. A surprisingly lare number of in-plane polarized modes are observed. Some of them correspond to pure phonon modes. Others posses a large electronic contribution which strongly increases in the superconducting state. The free carrier response and the collective modes exhibit a pronounced a-b anisotropy. We discuss our results in terms of a CDW state in the 1-d CuO chains and induced charge density fluctuations within the 2-d CuO$_{2}$ planes

Interference effects in the photorecombination of argonlike Sc3+ ions: Storage-ring experiment and theory

Absolute total electron-ion recombination rate coefficients of argonlike Sc3+(3s2 3p6) ions have been measured for relative energies between electrons and ions ranging from 0 to 45 eV. This energy range comprises all dielectronic recombination resonances attached to 3p -> 3d and 3p -> 4s excitations. A broad resonance with an experimental width of 0.89 +- 0.07 eV due to the 3p5 3d2 2F intermediate state is found at 12.31 +- 0.03 eV with a small experimental evidence for an asymmetric line shape. From R-Matrix and perturbative calculations we infer that the asymmetric line shape may not only be due to quantum mechanical interference between direct and resonant recombination channels as predicted by Gorczyca et al. [Phys. Rev. A 56, 4742 (1997)], but may partly also be due to the interaction with an adjacent overlapping DR resonance of the same symmetry. The overall agreement between theory and experiment is poor. Differences between our experimental and our theoretical resonance positions are as large as 1.4 eV. This illustrates the difficulty to accurately describe the structure of an atomic system with an open 3d-shell with state-of-the-art theoretical methods. Furthermore, we find that a relativistic theoretical treatment of the system under study is mandatory since the existence of experimentally observed strong 3p5 3d2 2D and 3p5 3d 4s 2D resonances can only be explained when calculations beyond LS-coupling are carried out.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, Phys. Rev. A (in print), see also: http://www.strz.uni-giessen.de/~k