Patternless Music

As more music is being created and consumed than ever before, vast audiences can freely explore and experiment with new ideas and make advances in music. Innovative thinking can be unfortunately often forgotten or go unnoticed, as popular music and the majority of music listeners and creators alike cling to their safe zones in music. Repetition is one of the most apparent characteristics of popular music. As opposed to everyday repetitive music, this thesis focuses on patternless music, a form of non-repetitive music where the repetition of exact patterns is avoided altogether. Thanks to the development of modern digital tools in both quality and quantity, this complex type of music can be created and performed in increasingly fluent and innovative ways, as well as taught and analyzed in clear and unambiguous terms. Examples of patternless music in this thesis provide solid evidence of its existence. This thesis takes an open but critical approach towards this new, experimental type of music by analyzing the examples both as audible and visual representations. After all, patterns and repetition are crucial elements in music: recognizing these elements helps composers, musicians, and listeners understand the complex structures embedded in the music they create and/or listen to. Keeping these assumptions in mind, this thesis analyzes the basic tenets of patternless music, its creation process and its effects, as well as the challenges it poses to its users. Therefore, this thesis opens the door for an analytic and critical approach to repetition, patterns and music in general. This new form of music can enable us to look critically at our assumptions regarding the boundaries of music and creativity, and thereby helps widen these boundaries, allowing us to look beyond our current limits in music and strive for even higher standards and greater understanding

Serum biochemistry and hematology in blue fox (Vulpes lagopus)

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Effect of carotenoid supplement on production performance in mink (Neovison vison)

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Effects of Digging Substrate on Growth and Fur in Blue Versus Shadow Type of Alopex Lagopus

. Our study sought to establish the extent to which digging substrate in the cage affects growth performance and fur properties in farmed foxes (Alopex lagopus) of the shadow white and blue colour types. The plates were on either the wall or the floor; the sandbox was always on the floor. A standard cage without any digging substrate was used as a control. There were 20 foxes in each group (one male and one female per cage). The cage setups were as follows: 1) a standard cage (105 cm long × 115 cm wide × 70 cm high) without digging substrates, which housed the control group; 2) a standard cage (105 cm long × 115 cm wide × 70 cm high) with a solid metal plate (210 × 297 mm) on the wall for digging and scratching; 3) a standard cage (105 cm long × 115 cm wide × 70 cm high) with a solid metal plate (210 × 297 mm) on the floor for digging and scratching; and 4) a standard cage (105 cm long × 115 cm wide × 70 cm high) with a metal sandbox for digging and scratching (80 × 40 × 14 cm, L×W×H). The sandbox had a 10 cm layer of sand (ca. 25 kg, particle size 0-18 mm) on the bottom. All animals grew well and reached normal body weights. No significant growth differences were found between blue and shadow types within the groups. Furthermore, skin length did not differ between colour types or between groups. Skin weight, on the other hand, was heavier in the blue than in the shadow type in the plate floor groups. No differences were recorded in the other groups. Fur quality was poorest in the blue type of the standard group and best in the shadow type of the plate wall group. Cover and mass were also best in the shadow type of the plate wall group. Furs were dirtiest in the sandbox groups, irrespective of colour type. Our findings tempt us to conclude that body growth is highly affected by digging substrate and that a sandbox in the cage causes the dirtiest fur and may, therefore, be avoided in farming practice

Effects of feeding intensity and Ca:P ratio on foot welfare in blue foxes (Vulpes lagopus)

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Foreleg bending in blue foxes (Vulpes lagopus) as evaluated by radiography

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Whole blood transcriptome analysis reveals footprints of cattle adaptation to sub‐arctic conditions

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