Dithiothreitol increases f3-glucuronidase accumulation in transformed tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) protoplasts without altering their viability or the synthesis and export of cellular proteins

The effect of dithiothreitol (DTT) on the expression of the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene under the control of the CaMV-35 S promoter has been investigated by radioactive labelling and immunoprecipitation of the enzyme in protoplasts from stably transformed tobacco plants and compared with that observed in protoplasts transiently expressing the same gene construct. An increase in net accumulation of GUS during the culture period in response to externally added DTT (2 mm) was observed both in protoplasts from transformed tobacco plants and in electroporated protoplasts. DTT had no effect on rate of degradation of the mature GUS protein, as shown in a pulse-chase experiment. Relevant aspects of protoplast physiology, such as viability, synthesis of 35S-labelled cellular proteins, or synthesis and export of pathogenesis-related proteins (one putative chitinase and two 1,3-β-glucanases) were not affected by the reducing reagen

Informatització d'una empresa tradicional

Aquest projecte consisteix en la informatització d'una empresa tradicional dedicada a la fabricació i venda de productes de pastisseria. El projecte es divideix en dos parts essencials: millora i dotació de la nova xarxa informàtica amb tots el serveis necessaris pels nous requeriments de creixement de l'empresa en l'obertura de nous punts de venda i la seva gestió, i proporcionar presència a Internet, a través d'una botiga on-line.Este proyecto consiste en la informatización de una empresa tradicional dedicada a la fabricación y venta de productos de pastelería. El proyecto se divide en dos partes esenciales: mejora y dotación de la nueva red informática con todos los servicios necesarios para los nuevos requerimientos de crecimiento de la empresa en la apertura de nuevos puntos de venta y su gestión, y proporcionar presencia en Internet, a través de una tienda on-line.This project involves the computerization of a traditional company engaged in the manufacture and sale of confectionery. The project is divided into two essential parts: improvement and provision of new computer network with all services needed by the new requirements of growing company opening new stores and their management, and providing internet presence through an online store

Preparation of substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines by Pd(II)-catalyzed NH2-directed insertion of Michael acceptors into C-H bonds followed by NH2-conjugated additions

3,3-Disubstituted tetrahydroisoquinolines are prepared in one step from Michael acceptors and 2-phenylethylamines under Pd catalysis and Ag2CO3 as an oxidant. Presumably, activation of an ortho C-H bond of the aromatic ring with Pd(II) is directed by the primary amine to form a palladacycle. Insertion of the olefin, subsequent conjugated addition of the amine, and reductive elimination of Pd(0) affords the expected products. Silver carbonate is not necessary when 2-phenylethylamines are converted previously to N-benzoyloxy-2-phenylethylamines

The Time Structure of Hadronic Showers in highly granular Calorimeters with Tungsten and Steel Absorbers

The intrinsic time structure of hadronic showers influences the timing capability and the required integration time of hadronic calorimeters in particle physics experiments, and depends on the active medium and on the absorber of the calorimeter. With the CALICE T3B experiment, a setup of 15 small plastic scintillator tiles read out with Silicon Photomultipliers, the time structure of showers is measured on a statistical basis with high spatial and temporal resolution in sampling calorimeters with tungsten and steel absorbers. The results are compared to GEANT4 (version 9.4 patch 03) simulations with different hadronic physics models. These comparisons demonstrate the importance of using high precision treatment of low-energy neutrons for tungsten absorbers, while an overall good agreement between data and simulations for all considered models is observed for steel.Comment: 24 pages including author list, 9 figures, published in JINS

Pion and proton showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter

Showers produced by positive hadrons in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter were studied. The experimental data were collected at CERN and FNAL for single particles with initial momenta from 10 to 80 GeV/c. The calorimeter response and resolution and spatial characteristics of shower development for proton- and pion-induced showers for test beam data and simulations using Geant4 version 9.6 are compared.Comment: 26 pages, 16 figures, JINST style, changes in the author list, typos corrected, new section added, figures regrouped. Accepted for publication in JINS

Shower development of particles with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the CALICE scintillator-tungsten hadronic calorimeter

We present a study of showers initiated by electrons, pions, kaons, and protons with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-tungsten analogue hadronic calorimeter. The data were recorded at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron in 2011. The analysis includes measurements of the calorimeter response to each particle type as well as measurements of the energy resolution and studies of the longitudinal and radial shower development for selected particles. The results are compared to Geant4 simulations (version 9.6.p02). In the study of the energy resolution we include previously published data with beam momenta from 1 GeV to 10 GeV recorded at the CERN Proton Synchrotron in 2010.Comment: 35 pages, 21 figures, 8 table

Validation of electrodeposited 241Am alpha-particle sources for use in liquified gas detectors at cryogenic temperatures

This paper describes a procedure for the validation of alpha-particle sources (exempt unsealed sources) to be used in experimental setups with liquefied gases at cryogenic temperatures (down to -196 C) and high vacuum. These setups are of interest for the development and characterization of neutrino and dark matter detectors based on liquid argon, among others. Due to the high purity requirements, the sources have to withstand high vacuum and cryogenic temperatures for extended periods. The validation procedure has been applied to 241Am sources produced by electrodeposition.Comment: 5 page

Discovery and optimization of narrow spectrum inhibitors of Tousled like kinase 2 (TLK2) using quantitative structure activity relationships

The oxindole scaffold has been the center of several kinase drug discovery programs, some of which have led to approved medicines. A series of two oxindole matched pairs from the literature were identified where TLK2 was potently inhibited as an off-target kinase. The oxindole has long been considered a promiscuous kinase inhibitor template, but across these four specific literature oxindoles TLK2 activity was consistent, while the kinome profile was radically different ranging from narrow to broad spectrum kinome coverage. We synthesized a large series of analogues, utilizing quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, water mapping of the kinase ATP binding sites, kinome profiling, and small-molecule x-ray structural analysis to optimize TLK2 inhibition and kinome selectivity. This resulted in the identification of several narrow spectrum, sub-family selective, chemical tool compounds including 128 (UNC-CA2-103) that could enable elucidation of TLK2 biology

The molecular basis and biologic significance of the β-dystroglycan-emerin interaction

β-dystroglycan (β-DG) assembles with lamins A/C and B1 and emerin at the nuclear envelope (NE) to maintain proper nuclear architecture and function. To provide insight into the nuclear function of β-DG, we characterized the interaction between β-DG and emerin at the molecular level. Emerin is a major NE protein that regulates multiple nuclear processes and whose deficiency results in Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). Using truncated variants of β-DG and emerin, via a series of in vitro and in vivo binding experiments and a tailored computational analysis, we determined that the β-DG–emerin interaction is mediated at least in part by their respective transmembrane domains (TM). Using surface plasmon resonance assays we showed that emerin binds to β-DG with high affinity (KD in the nanomolar range). Remarkably, the analysis of cells in which DG was knocked out demonstrated that loss of β-DG resulted in a decreased emerin stability and impairment of emerin-mediated processes. β-DG and emerin are reciprocally required for their optimal targeting within the NE, as shown by immunofluorescence, western blotting and immunoprecipitation assays using emerin variants with mutations in the TM domain and B-lymphocytes of a patient with EDMD. In summary, we demonstrated that β-DG plays a role as an emerin interacting partner modulating its stability and function

Las Políticas de firma electrónica en la administración electrónica

Programa de doctorat en Seguretat i prevencióAquest treball analitza el contingut de la norma tècnica d'interoperabilitat de política de signatura electrònica i de certificats de l'Administració, que desplega el reial decret 4/2010, de 8 de gener, pel qual es regula l'Esquema Nacional d'Interoperabilitat en l'àmbit de l'Administració electrònica, així com d'altres normes directament relacionades, com la referida a document electrònic o als estàndards d'ús per part de les Administracions en el procediment administratiu electrònic