Probabilistic Eigenvalue Shaping for Nonlinear Fourier Transform Transmission

We consider a nonlinear Fourier transform (NFT)-based transmission scheme, where data is embedded into the imaginary part of the nonlinear discrete spectrum. Inspired by probabilistic amplitude shaping, we propose a probabilistic eigenvalue shaping (PES) scheme as a means to increase the data rate of the system. We exploit the fact that for an NFT-based transmission scheme the pulses in the time domain are of unequal duration by transmitting them with a dynamic symbol interval and find a capacity-achieving distribution. The PES scheme shapes the information symbols according to the capacity-achieving distribution and transmits them together with the parity symbols at the output of a low-density parity-check encoder, suitably modulated, via time-sharing. We furthermore derive an achievable rate for the proposed PES scheme. We verify our results with simulations of the discrete-time model as well as with split-step Fourier simulations.Comment: Published in IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, 201

Hubungan Kecepatan Lari 60 Meter dengan Hasil Lompat Jauh pada Siswa Putera Kelas XI Jurusan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Sman 1 Sedinginan Kecamatan Tanah Putih

, Background problem in this research is the low long jump results being owned by the male student of class XI majoring in social science. KKM determined from only a couple of students who achieve it. The problem is evident from observations of researchers at the time learnin procces at the school, it is suspected because of the running speeed owned by the students. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a corelation with a running speed of 60 meter with long jump results male students of class XI majoring in social science. This type of research is correlational comparing the measurement results of two different variables in order to determine the degree of correlation between these variables. As the independent variable (X) is a running speed of 60 meters, while the dependent variable (Y) is the long jump. This research data obtained from the test run 60 meters and long jump test. The sample in this study is the mael students of class XI majoring in social science a total of 11 people (purposive sampling). Based on the research results can be concluded as follows: corelation variable X with variable Y obtained rhitung = 0,63> rtabel = 0.602, then there is a corelation between variables X with variables tested Y. Where significance include the distribution of t, means thitung> ttabel ( 2.43> 1.83) therefore Ho rejected and Ha accepted. Conclusion The hypothesis is accepted at significance level α = 0:05 in other words there is a significant correlation between the speed to run 60 meters and long jump results male students in class XI Majoring IPS SMAN 1 Sedinginan Tanah Putih District

Hubungan Power Otot Tungkai Dengan Kemampuan Tendangan T Pada Pesilat Putra Perguruan Satria Muda Indonesia Unit Rumbai

Based on the observation that has been done against athletes PPLP Pencak Silat Dispora Riau discovered several phenomena such as: is that a T by the athlete is still less than the maximum, this is caused by not the most of the physical elements are like the limb muscles the athlete that was not optimal, so that a T that do not powered. It,s not good balance of the masters, will also affect the speed of a T by masters. Coordination which is owned by athletes are also not optimally, this will affect the T, would be easily anticipated by his opponents with defense, dodgery, and even make it easier for opponents to do behind the attacks quickly and suddenly. The T in the sport of martial arts to do with a limb muscles strong and the ability range on the target to fight hard to do resistence and dodgery. The purpose of this research is to identify how a muscular limbs with a yacht masters, men,s college gentlemanly Indonesia youth unit fringe. This research is done using this type of research correlational. Correlational is a statistical tool, which can be used to compare the results of measurements of two different variables in order to determine the degree of correlation between the variables. The populasi and sample in this study is a member of the masters, men,s college gentlemanly Indonesia youth unit fringe of 15 people. The data collection technique is to use a technique total sampling. Based on the results of research has been done can be concluded that there is to do a limb muscles on the ability of a T on cruise the son of college gentlemanly young Indonesia unit fringe with count r = 0.526 and the significant level = 5% was found r = 0.514 with categories are of a significant connection

Measuring Topological Chaos

The orbits of fluid particles in two dimensions effectively act as topological obstacles to material lines. A spacetime plot of the orbits of such particles can be regarded as a braid whose properties reflect the underlying dynamics. For a chaotic flow, the braid generated by the motion of three or more fluid particles is computed. A ``braiding exponent'' is then defined to characterize the complexity of the braid. This exponent is proportional to the usual Lyapunov exponent of the flow, associated with separation of nearby trajectories. Measuring chaos in this manner has several advantages, especially from the experimental viewpoint, since neither nearby trajectories nor derivatives of the velocity field are needed.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures. RevTeX 4 with PSFrag macro

Steady Stokes flow with long-range correlations, fractal Fourier spectrum, and anomalous transport

We consider viscous two-dimensional steady flows of incompressible fluids past doubly periodic arrays of solid obstacles. In a class of such flows, the autocorrelations for the Lagrangian observables decay in accordance with the power law, and the Fourier spectrum is neither discrete nor absolutely continuous. We demonstrate that spreading of the droplet of tracers in such flows is anomalously fast. Since the flow is equivalent to the integrable Hamiltonian system with 1 degree of freedom, this provides an example of integrable dynamics with long-range correlations, fractal power spectrum, and anomalous transport properties.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, published in Physical Review Letter

Smooth-filamental transition of active tracer fields stirred by chaotic advection

The spatial distribution of interacting chemical fields is investigated in the non-diffusive limit. The evolution of fluid parcels is described by independent dynamical systems driven by chaotic advection. The distribution can be filamental or smooth depending on the relative strength of the dispersion due to chaotic advection and the stability of the chemical dynamics. We give the condition for the smooth-filamental transition and relate the H\"older exponent of the filamental structure to the Lyapunov exponents. Theoretical findings are illustrated by numerical experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Sand stirred by chaotic advection

We study the spatial structure of a granular material, N particles subject to inelastic mutual collisions, when it is stirred by a bidimensional smooth chaotic flow. A simple dynamical model is introduced where four different time scales are explicitly considered: i) the Stokes time, accounting for the inertia of the particles, ii) the mean collision time among the grains, iii) the typical time scale of the flow, and iv) the inverse of the Lyapunov exponent of the chaotic flow, which gives a typical time for the separation of two initially close parcels of fluid. Depending on the relative values of these different times a complex scenario appears for the long-time steady spatial distribution of particles, where clusters of particles may or not appear.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Effective action of magnetic monopole in three-dimensional electrodynamics with massless matter and gauge theories of superconductivity

We compute one-loop effective action of magnetic monopole in three-dimensional electrodynamics of massless bosons and fermions and find that it contains an infrared logarithm. So, when the number of massless matter species is sufficiently large, monopoles are suppressed and in the weak coupling limit charged particles are unconfined. This result provides some support to gauge theories of high-temperature superconductors. It also provides a mechanism by which interlayer tunneling of excitations with one unit of the ordinary electric charge can be suppressed while that of a doubly charged object is allowed.Comment: 8 pages, LATEX, UCLA/93/TEP/41 (the last sentence of the paragraph concerning applications at the end of the paper has been deleted; mailing problems have been corrected

Slow Schroedinger dynamics of gauged vortices

Multivortex dynamics in Manton's Schroedinger--Chern--Simons variant of the Landau-Ginzburg model of thin superconductors is studied within a moduli space approximation. It is shown that the reduced flow on M_N, the N vortex moduli space, is hamiltonian with respect to \omega_{L^2}, the L^2 Kaehler form on \M_N. A purely hamiltonian discussion of the conserved momenta associated with the euclidean symmetry of the model is given, and it is shown that the euclidean action on (M_N,\omega_{L^2}) is not hamiltonian. It is argued that the N=3 flow is integrable in the sense of Liouville. Asymptotic formulae for \omega_{L^2} and the reduced Hamiltonian for large intervortex separation are conjectured. Using these, a qualitative analysis of internal 3-vortex dynamics is given and a spectral stability analysis of certain rotating vortex polygons is performed. Comparison is made with the dynamics of classical fluid point vortices and geostrophic vortices.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figure

Computational Method for Phase Space Transport with Applications to Lobe Dynamics and Rate of Escape

Lobe dynamics and escape from a potential well are general frameworks introduced to study phase space transport in chaotic dynamical systems. While the former approach studies how regions of phase space are transported by reducing the flow to a two-dimensional map, the latter approach studies the phase space structures that lead to critical events by crossing periodic orbit around saddles. Both of these frameworks require computation with curves represented by millions of points-computing intersection points between these curves and area bounded by the segments of these curves-for quantifying the transport and escape rate. We present a theory for computing these intersection points and the area bounded between the segments of these curves based on a classification of the intersection points using equivalence class. We also present an alternate theory for curves with nontransverse intersections and a method to increase the density of points on the curves for locating the intersection points accurately.The numerical implementation of the theory presented herein is available as an open source software called Lober. We used this package to demonstrate the application of the theory to lobe dynamics that arises in fluid mechanics, and rate of escape from a potential well that arises in ship dynamics.Comment: 33 pages, 17 figure