Association of polymorphic markers in innate immunity receptor genes with the risk of primary adrenal insufficiency

Primary adrenal insufficiency is a disease resulting from bilateral destruction of the adrenal cortex. The most common etiological factors are autoimmune disorders and infectious diseases, which indicates the key role of the immune system in the development of this pathology. Activation of innate immune receptors leads to transcription of genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons, which contributes to the further development of the inflammatory process, activating both adaptive and innate immunity. The role of pattern recognition receptors and type I interferons has been previously shown in many autoimmune pathologies, but their significance in primary adrenal insufficiency is still not well understood. To gain a broader understanding of the occurring processes, innate immune receptors are being studied at both the molecular and genetic levels. Thus, the purpose of our work was to study polymorphic markers in the genes of interferon, NOD- and RIG-like receptors and their association with the risk of developing primary adrenal insufficiency. The biomaterial was collected from patients with primary adrenal insufficiency and from healthy individuals and was examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. It was found that among the six polymorphic markers (rs2257167 in the IFNAR1 gene, rs2229207 in the IFNAR2 gene, rs2075822 in the NOD1 gene, rs8057341 and rs3135499 in the NOD2 gene and rs1990760 in the IFIH1 gene), there are only two sufficient predictors of the risk of developing primary adrenal gland disease: rs2257167 (IFNAR1) and rs2229207 (IFNAR2). The association of heterozygous genotypes of the polymorphic markers rs2257167 (IFNAR1) and rs2229207 (IFNAR2) with the risk of developing pathology, as well as the protective role of the CC genotype of the polymorphic marker rs2257167 (IFNAR1) was shown. The results obtained can be used for early diagnostics of the disease. These data can contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of primary adrenal insufficiency and serve as the basis for further research in the field of personalized medicine. These markers can also be studied in connection with the severity of primary adrenal insufficiency, complications, as well as in connection with the effectiveness of the therapy

The Optical Instrumentation of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter

The purpose of this Note is to describe the optical assembly procedure called here Optical Instrumentation and the quality tests conducted on the assembled units. Altogether, 65 Barrel (or LB) modules were constructed - including one spare - together with 129 Extended Barrel (EB) modules (including one spare). The LB modules were mechanically assembled at JINR (Dubna, Russia) and transported to CERN, where the optical instrumentation was performed with personnel contributed by several Institutes. The modules composing one of the two Extended Barrels (known as EBA) were mechanically assembled in the USA, and instrumented in two US locations (ANL, U. of Michigan), while the modules of the other Extended barrel (EBC) were assembled in Spain and instrumented at IFAE (Barcelona). Each of the EB modules includes a subassembly known as ITC that contributes to the hermeticity of the calorimeter; all ITCs were assembled at UTA (Texas), and mounted onto the module mechanical structures at the EB mechanical assembly locations.The Tile Calorimeter, covering the central region of the ATLAS experiment up to pseudorapidities of ±1.7, is a sampling device built with scintillating tiles that alternate with iron plates. The light is collected in wave-length shifting (WLS) fibers and is read out with photomultipliers. In the characteristic geometry of this calorimeter the tiles lie in planes perpendicular to the beams, resulting in a very simple and modular mechanical and optical layout. This paper focuses on the procedures applied in the optical instrumentation of the calorimeter, which involved the assembly of about 460,000 scintillator tiles and 550,000 WLS fibers. The outcome is a hadronic calorimeter that meets the ATLAS performance requirements, as shown in this paper

Обобщение результатов исследований теплообмена между потоком воздуха и оребренной поверхностью, полученной при подрезании ребер со смещением оси

The given paper contains an analysis and presents a generalization of experimental results pertaining to heat exchange between an air flow and a surface of a flat pipe when its finning is made with various values of displacement of a tool rotation axis relative to a symmetry axis of a blank.Criterion dependences obtained as result of experimental data generalization provide the possibility to use them for calculation of external heat exchange intensity and losses of pressure in heat exchangers made of aluminum flat fined tubes.Проведен анализ и представлено обобщение результатов экспериментальных исследований теплообмена между потоком воздуха и поверхностью плоской трубы, оребрение которой было выполнено с различными величинами смещения оси вращения инструмента относительно оси симметрии заготовки.Полученные в результате обобщения экспериментальных данных критериальные зависимости дают возможность использовать их при проведении расчетов интенсивности внешнего теплообмена и потерь давления в теплообменниках, изготовленных из плоских оребренных алюминиевых труб

The Production and Qualification of Scintillator Tiles for the ATLAS Hadronic Calorimeter

The production of the scintillator tiles for the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter is presented. In addition to the manufacture and production, the properties of the tiles will be presented including light yield, uniformity and stability

Experimental studies of the “foundation-soil” system operation with sudden loading

Abstract The experimental studies’ results of the foundations with a soil base interaction are presented. The relevance of the research is associated with increased accidents of buildings and structures in recent decades. The reasons for the occurrence and features of sudden foundations loading are considered. The experimental research methodology, the characteristic models of foundations are presented. The preliminary experimental studies’ results of the foundations with sudden loading are presented and analyzed. Some features of the “foundation-soil” system are determined. A decrease in the bearing capacity of the foundations during sudden loading, depending on the level and prestressing type, was revealed. It is established that the main reason for the decrease in the foundations’ bearing capacity is a change in the normal contact stresses diagram. The necessity and directions of further research in this area are substantiated.</jats:p

Generalization of Investigation Results Pertaining to Heat Exchange between Air Flow and Finned Surface Obtained at Fin Cutting with Axis Displacement

The given paper contains an analysis and presents a generalization of experimental results pertaining to heat exchange between an air flow and a surface of a flat pipe when its finning is made with various values of displacement of a tool rotation axis relative to a symmetry axis of a blank.Criterion dependences obtained as result of experimental data generalization provide the possibility to use them for calculation of external heat exchange intensity and losses of pressure in heat exchangers made of aluminum flat fined tubes

Vegetable biocorrectors influence on the moisture state in functional purpose flour products

The development of new technological solutions in the field of daily consumed food products, which have a directed corrective impact on the nutritional status of the human body and an extended shelf life is an important and urgent task. One of the alternative solutions to the problem faced is the introduction of flour products (crackers, biscuits, bread), enriched with biologically active substances of plant origin into the daily ration. They are economically accessible to the general population and suitable for sale in a network format, due to significant shelf life. Experimental studies to assess the effect of introduced biologically active substances on the shelf life of flour products through the study of changes in the content and ratio of various forms of bound moisture were carried out in the work. The study of moisture state in flour products was carried out by the method of differential thermal analysis using a synchronous thermal analysis device using thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and non-isothermal kinetics. The objects of research were samples of flour products containing the composition of partially defatted wheat germ flour "Vitazar" and wheat bran, which were additionally added with seaweed powder, soy protein isolate, pea protein isolate, black cumin seed flour. Samples of flour products (biscuits) made according to traditional technology served as controls. A quantitative assessment of the ratio of moisture fractions with various bonds was carried out by the methods of thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and non-isothermal kinetics. The ranges of endothermic effects, indicating stepwise moisture removal, in accordance with the forms and energy of its connection with the experimental samples biopolymers were identified in the work. Comparison of thermal effects characteristics recorded in the process of thermolysis of flour products samples, allows us to state an increase in the chemically bound moisture share in the test samples, as compared with the control sample and, as a result, an increase in shelf life.</jats:p