Reconstruction of dielectric constants of multi-layered optical fibers using propagation constants measurements

We present new method for the numerical reconstruction of the variable refractive index of multi-layered circular weakly guiding dielectric waveguides using the measurements of the propagation constants of their eigenwaves. Our numerical examples show stable reconstruction of the dielectric permittivity function $\varepsilon$ for random noise level using these measurements

Генезис результата деятельности предприятия на пути к инвайронментальной экономике

У статті розглянуто постулати інвайронментальної економіки, яка враховує динаміку економічної системи та обмеження природного відтворення економічних ресурсів і формує парадигму соціально-відповідального управління суб’єктами господарювання за тріадної моделі «споживач ↔ підприємство↔ довкілля». Запропоновано математичний опис результату діяльності підприємства за умови впровадження виробничого, маркетингового та соціально-відповідального управління. Розглянуто цінності та систему показників оцінювання результативності діяльності підприємства за інвайронментальної економіки.Realizing that the development of enterprises depends not only on socio-economic conditions but on the environment state, the aim of research is select the resulting convergence factors of the company in the terms of the environment economy. In the article the need for finding promising model of economic development is modified that would be harmonized by the dialectical contradiction activating resources according to the needs of modern business economics. The paper deals with the the postulates of environment economy that takes into account the dynamics of the economic system and limiting natural reproduction of economic resources and generates paradigm of socially responsible management entities for triad model «consumer ↔ enterprise ↔ environment». Ensuring the balanced convergence in content «consumer ↔ environment» should lead to the realization of the necessity of preserving identical opportunities for today and future generations to use environmental resources. The convergence of content «consumer ↔ enterprise» requires achieving justice in the distribution of wealth between people and economic organizations. Finally, the convergence of content «enterprise ↔ environment» demands an anthropogenic impacts cost assessment of the environment. A mathematical description of the company’s results in case of implementing the manufacturing, marketing and socially responsible management is suggested. We consider the values and performance evaluation system of the company’s result for environment economy. The application of the implementation keys tools of the environment economy serves the environment controlling, environment standards and environment industry, which include the activities of goods production and services to measure, prevent, limit, minimize or correct damage from pollution of water, air and soil, as well as to solve problems related to waste, noise and other negative factors affecting the ecosystem.В статье рассмотрены постулаты инвайронментальной экономики, которая учитывает динамику экономической системы и ограничения естественного воспроизводства экономических ресурсов, формирует парадигму социально-ответственного управления субъектами хозяйствования в соответствии с триадной моделью «потребитель ↔ предприятие↔ внешняя среда». Предложено математическое описание результата деятельности предприятия при условии внедрения производственного, маркетингового и социально-ответственного управления. Рассмотрены системы ценностей и показателей оценки эффективности деятельности предприятия в условиях инвайронментальной экономики

New sequence-based data on the relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the normal male and female human diploid genomes for radiation molecular cytogenetics

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The objective of this work is to obtain the correct relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the normal male and female human diploid genomes for the use at FISH analysis of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations. RESULTS: The relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the male and female human diploid genomes have been calculated from the publicly available international Human Genome Project data. New sequence-based data on the relative DNA contents of human chromosomes were compared with the data recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency in 2001. The differences in the values of the relative DNA contents of chromosomes obtained by using different approaches for 15 human chromosomes, mainly for large chromosomes, were below 2%. For the chromosomes 13, 17, 20 and 22 the differences were above 5%. CONCLUSION: New sequence-based data on the relative DNA contents of chromosomes in the normal male and female human diploid genomes were obtained. This approach, based on the genome sequence, can be recommended for the use in radiation molecular cytogenetics

Observations of the urban boundary layer in a cold climate city

Cold environment supports a large diversity of local climates. Among them, urban climates in northern cities stand out for their pronounced warm temperature anomaly known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI). UHI in northern cities has been already studies through satellite images and in-situ observations in the urban canopy layer (UCL). Yet, the vertical structure of the urban atmospheric boundary layer (UBL) has not been studied there. This work presents new observations of UBL in Nadym – a sub-Arctic Siberian city. During several intensive observing periods we run simultaneous registration of urban and rural meteorological parameters with unmanned drones, a microwave temperature profiler and a dense network of ground-based sensors. The data analysis reveals details of UHI development in the UCL and UBL, and links together horizontal urban-rural canopy-layer temperature differences, boundary layer stability, and UHI vertical extent. We show that during strong temperature inversions, UBL is less stratified than its rural counterpart, but it still remains very thin and limited in height by a few tens of meters. The observations disclose that the ground-based (50 m – 100 m above ground) temperature inversion is one of the strongest control factors for UHI in cold climate conditions in winter

Study of oil recovery from reservoirs of different void types with use of multidimensional statistical analysis

Oil recovery laws that take into account distribution of reservoirs with different void types within the same accumulation. Carbonate field data of development of Tournaisian-Famennian oil accumulation was used. For comparison purposes data of development of the field with similar oil properties but reservoir of clastic grain rock and pore type were used. One injector and neighbor producers were used as components of applied production scheme. The type of reservoir within one development object was determined by several studies including pressure build-up curve processed by Warren-Root method. At the first stage correlation coefficients between injection and production of neighbor well were calculated. Calculation was done for different time and with assumption, according to which correlation coefficient is a quantitative measure of interactions between two wells. It is determined that use of correlation coefficient for pore reservoirs is significantly differ to the character of its behavior for fracture reservoir type. Multidimensional mathematical models that characterize flooding and allow determining producer’s rate were obtained with considered void type. Linear discriminant functions are built with considered void type of reservoir. Analysis of those functions determined that replacement of oil by water in clastic and carbonates porous rocks and carbonate naturally fractured reservoirs follow different scenarios

Complex petrophysical correction in the adaptation of geological hydrodynamic models (on the example of Visean pool of Gondyrev oil field)

The authors review a method of combined porosity and volume density correction in the process of modeling the distribution of reservoir permeability. Basing on petrophysical investigations of core samples from Bashkir fold deposits, an association between rock porosity, density and permeability has been analyzed. Significant correlation has been observed for the above mentioned parameters in porous collectors in contrast to reduced correlation for dense rocks and intervals of anomalously high poroperm characteristics. For terrigene porous collectors the authors propose a model of permeability assessment based on combined porosity and density correction. A modified model was developed for Visean pool of Gondyrev oil field, where collector permeability had been calculated as a function of rock porosity and density. The modified model has been compared to the conventional one; significant differences have been detected. In the modified version maximum permeability is associated with the southern part of the pool, whereas the conventional method points out the central part and predicts lowering permeability closer to the periphery. Geological model in the modified version is more homogenous than the conventional one and has no sharp peaks and valleys.  The calculations have been made that reproduce the history of field development for both permeability volumes. Authors demonstrate that total oil production obtained using the modified model has a much better correlation with the actual data. The best results from using suggested method apply to the initial stage of development due to better convergence of high-rate wells. On the whole, comparison of two methods shows that for the purposes of production history adaptation the modified model is significantly better than the conventional one. Hence, the method of density correction allows for better justification of differences in the lithology of Visean collectors, which ultimately results in higher accuracy of data on residual oil reserves in the deposit

Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX): Towards a holistic understanding of the feedbacks and interactions in the land-Atmosphere-ocean-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region

The northern Eurasian regions and Arctic Ocean will very likely undergo substantial changes during the next decades. The Arctic-boreal natural environments play a crucial role in the global climate via albedo change, carbon sources and sinks as well as atmospheric aerosol production from biogenic volatile organic compounds. Furthermore, it is expected that global trade activities, demographic movement, and use of natural resources will be increasing in the Arctic regions. There is a need for a novel research approach, which not only identifies and tackles the relevant multi-disciplinary research questions, but also is able to make a holistic system analysis of the expected feedbacks. In this paper, we introduce the research agenda of the Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX), a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary and international program started in 2012 (https://www.atm.helsinki.fi/peex/). PEEX sets a research approach by which large-scale research topics are investigated from a system perspective and which aims to fill the key gaps in our understanding of the feedbacks and interactions between the land-Atmosphere-Aquatic-society continuum in the northern Eurasian region. We introduce here the state of the art for the key topics in the PEEX research agenda and present the future prospects of the research, which we see relevant in this context