Otto Brahm: il dibattito critico sulla scena teatrale berlinese (1881-1892)

2018 - 2019The research deals with the activity of theatre critic Otto Brahm (1856-1912), a German man of letters and man of the theatre, mostly known, within the theatre studies, for being founder and animator of the theatre association FreieBühne (1889), director of the Deutsches(1894 - 1904) and of the Lessing Theater (1904 - 1912) in Berlin. The study identifies the cultural lines that contributed, through the instrument of theatre criticism, to the diffusion of the naturalist movement in Germany and to the definition of identity of German theatre life in the years between 1881 and 1892. The direct sources used, mainly journalistic articles, essays and letters written by Brahm - and found in Berlin at the Akademie der Künste, the Staatsbibliothek and the Humboldt Bibliothek - are essentially in German. Brahm's thought, which springs from the analysis of the sources, absorbs a series of instances which include the doctrines of evolution and deterministic randomness, the denial of the limits of art, a certain literary antidogmatism which cooperate in the name of progress identified as inevitable and which the critic has a duty to support. The journalistic activity, in an extensive analysis carried out year by year for each newspaper, has proved to be a priceless treasure trove of the principles of a complex figure of man of letters and theatre director whose aim is to guide the public, theatre directors and actors at the end of the 19th century in the distinction between the purely speculative phenomena (the translations and re-elaboration of French piécesbienfaites) and the nascent dramaturgy, embodied in the exemplary cases of Henrik Ibsen and Gerhart Hauptmann. The research work is completed by a documentary appendix consisting of German translations of a significant sample of reviews based on the dramas of Ibsen and Hauptmann, together with a considerable exchange of letters between Brahm and Hauptmann. [edited by Author]XXXII cicl

Sulle orme di Gret Palucca. Un equilibrio di contrasti al tempo della Repubblica di Weimar

Acclaimed by the public and critics of her time, Gret Palucca embodies one of the most eminent interpreters of GermanAusdrucktanz. A pupil of Mary Wigman, the dancer inaugurates the Palucca Hochschüle für Tanzin Dresden in 1925. Distancing herself both from Wigman's choreographic styles and from the notions of academic ballet –as understood by master Heinrich Kröller –Palucca combines exuberant creativity with logical and systematic exploration of movements. Famous for her athleticism, she founds a «choreographic vocabulary» based on upward jumps and leg extensions, conceiving performances on the correlation between emotional and mental processes, and the constant search for contrasts between «push and counterthrust, tension and relaxation». The improvisation and the energetic charge of the movements represent the distinctive features of Gret Palucca's performative style which, simultaneously, absorbs andcultivates the artistic impressions produced by the avant-garde exponents of the early twentieth century (Mondrian, Kandinskij, Kirchner). The essay, framed in the historical context of the Weimar Republic, sounds out the training course, the aesthetic ideals and the maturation of Tanz Palucca's concept, investigating a complete and organic technique that represents one of the most significant testimonies of the nascent phenomenon of modern dance, aimed at reconstructing «the dancing experience of a new era»

La contesa e il trionfo: Otto Brahm e le testimonianze sulla Freie Bühne

The study examines an essay written by Otto Brahm and published in October 1909 in the «Berliner Tageblatt». A careful reading of the entire document entitled Freie Bühne, complete with the last three pages handwritten by the author, reveals its autobiographical character centred on the director experience of the Theaterverein. Since its foundation in 1889, the society has pursued the objective of eliminating the empty schematics and restrictions of conventionalism proposed by the stages of the late nineteenth century, of spreading the Naturalist movement and of welcoming dramas by progressive authors such as Henrik Ibsen and Gerhart Hauptmann. Only two years after its institution, a myriad of associations were spreading in Germany and Europe, committed to the construction of a ‘free stage’. Some examples emerged on the model of Berlin society are the Akademisch-dramatische Verein directed by Ernst von Wolzogen and the Intimes Theater of Josef Valle Hunkele in Munich, the Literarische Gesellschaft in Leipzig, led by C. Heine, W. Harlan, K. Martens, H. von Weber and F. A. Beyerlein as well as the Independent Theatre Society founded in London by the Dutch Jakob T. Grein. By telling a story regarding personal experiences, Brahm’s essay is a valuable testimony on the origin, evolution and affirmation of the Freie Bühne and on the conversion of Berlin, the city of many theaters, into the city of the theater in the international context

L'Avvio dell'anno scolastico: formazione delle classi, definizione dell'organico e assegnazione del personale di ruolo e non di ruolo

Questo lavoro si rivolge a tutti i quadri, i manager, i dirigenti, tecnici o politici, sia di ambito pubblico che privato, che devono compiere scelte organizzative in un contesto ad elevato grado di incertezza. Si sostiene l'ipotesi che le scelte organizzative influenzino efficacia ed efficienza. Nel Capitolo I, basandosi su un quadro teorico che fa riferimento ai contributi di M. Weber, C. I. Barnard, H. A. Simon, J. D. Thompson, B. Maggi, Y. Clot, l'organizzazione è definita come processo di azioni e decisioni, intenzionalmente rivolto, secondo razionalità limitata, al raggiungimento di un obiettivo. L'efficacia è definita come rinnovamento di mezzi e fini e l'efficienza come capacità di operativizzare le azioni previste. Come metodologia viene applicata la ricerca-intervento, coniata da K. Z. Lewin e ridefinita da R. Albano e B. Maggi all'interno del quadro teorico sopraccitato. La ricerca-intervento viene considerata strumento di sviluppo della conoscenza organizzativa. Nel Capitolo II, viene descritta la ricerca-intervento condotta nel 2013, in collaborazione con il XII Ufficio territoriale di Modena, il XVI Ufficio Territoriale di Reggio Emilia, l'Ufficio Scolastico Regionale dell'Emilia Romagna e le Reti delle Istituzioni Scolastiche Autonome della Provincia di Modena, RISMO e ASA-MO, su un processo di lavoro denominato “Avvio dell'anno scolastico. Formazione delle classi, costruzione dell'organico e assegnazione del personale di ruolo e non di ruolo”. La rappresentazione di tale processo è stata ordinata in forma di flow chart. Nel Capitolo III si propone di istituire all'interno delle organizzazioni la figura del “coordinatore organizzativo”, responsabile della strutturazione delle azioni, accanto alla dirigenza, responsabile della scelta degli obiettivi strategici e al responsabile tecnico. Queste tre figure corrispondono ai tre elementi costitutivi di ogni processo. Azione del Coordinatore Organizzativo è l'analisi-formazione-intervento. Tale azione è continua, permanente e ricorsiva e permette di superare il modello unidirezionale, implementando un modello ricorsivo che consente di perseguire efficacia ed efficienza in contesti ad elevata incertezza, di unire competenze di ricerca e professionali all'interno delle comunità professionali e di perseguire intenzionalmente i propri obiettivi secondo criteri di efficacia ed efficienza.This work is aimed at all executives, managers, professionals or politicians, both public and private, which have to make organizational decisions within an environment with a high degree of uncertainty. It supports the hypothesis that the organizational choices affect efficacy and efficiency. In Chapter I, based on a theoretical framework that refers to the contributions of M. Weber, C. I. Barnard, H. A. Simon, J. D. Thompson, B. Maggi, Y. Clot, the organization is meant as a process of actions and decisions, intentionally directed, according to bounded rationality, goal oriented. Effectiveness is defined as restoration of means and ends and efficiency is defined as the ability to operationalize the planned actions. As methodology, it is used the action-research coined by K. Z. Lewin and redefined by R. Albano and B. Maggi within the adopted theoretical framework. The action-research is considered as a tool for development of organizational knowledge. In Chapter II, it is described the action-research conducted in 2013, in collaboration with the XII School Office of the Province of Modena, XVI School Office of the province of Reggio Emilia, Emilia Romagna Regional Education Office and the networks of autonomous educational institutions of the Province of Modena , RISMO and ASA-MO , on a work process called "Start of the school year: class formation, staffing plan determination, permanent and temporary staff assignment". This process has been represented in the form of a flow chart . In Chapter III, it is proposed to establish within organizations the role of "Organization Development Coordinator ", responsible for the structuring of actions, in addition to the management, responsible for the selection of strategic objectives, and the technical manager. These three figures correspond to the three constituent elements of each process. The task of the Organization Development Coordinator is conducting an intervention -training-analysis. This task is continuous, permanent and recursive and allows to overcome the unidirectional model, to implement a recursive model that permits the pursuit of effectiveness and efficiency in contexts of high degree of uncertainty, to combine research skills and professional skills within the professional community and to pursue intentionally its objectives according to the criteria of effectiveness and efficiency

Chorea as the first manifestation of systemic Lupus erythematosus: a case report

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a disorder of the immune system with a wide range of symptoms. The involvement of kidneys, lungs and central nervous system (CNS) denotes a more severe character and worse prognosis. Several neurological and psychiatric manifestations may be present, the most common being convulsion, neuropathies and acute confusional state, but chorea is seen in less than 2% of patients. Recent studies show that antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) correlate with the appearance of chorea in SLE

SECURE ATTACHMENT ORANG TUA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN ANAK USIA DINI 4-5 TAHUN DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK AS-SALAM K OTA JAMBI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian anak usia dini 4-5 tahun di taman kanak-kanak as-salam kecamatan alam barajo kota jambi Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif yang dengan teknik pengambilan dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Dengan subjek penelitian ini adalah anak-anak murid TK kelompok A dengan rentang usia 4-5 tahun di semester 2. Sedangkan orangtua dari murid, guru kelompok A dan kepala seklah sebagai informan. Selanjutnya teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, analisis data dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pertama, persepsi orang tua tentang urgensi secure attachment (kelekatan aman) menunjukkan terdapat kurangnya pemahaman dan kesadaran mengenai pentingnya dari secure attachment (kelekatan aman) terhadap kemandirian anak usia dini. Kedua, faktor yang menentukan secure attachment orang tua ialah melibatkan adanya komunikasi, kepercayaan, pengasingan antara orang tua dan anak dan figur orang tua terhadap anak. Ketiga bagaimana menentukan secure attachment yaitu dengan adanya sistem pola asuh yang baik dan terarah yang terjalin secara kontinyu sejak dini oleh orang tua terhadap anak. Implikasi penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa kelekatan aman orang tua terhadap anak usia dini dapat meningkatkan kemandirian anak. Dalam hal ini kelekatan membentuk pola asuh orang tua dalam mengembangkan kemandirian anak. Orang tua yang memahami kelekatan aman dan pentingnya kemandirian anak akan menerapkan dalam keseharian dengan tujuan meningkatkan kemandirian anak tersebut. Menciptakan hubungan yang aman untuk anak dan memberikan kepercayaan untuk anak sudah merupakan pelatihan sederhana untuk kemandirian anak

Raman Analysis on 18th Century Painted Wooden Statues

A micro-Raman investigation on four wooden polychrome sculptures of Jan Geernaert (1704-1777), a Flemish sculptor who worked in Italy in the 18th century, is presented. The statues, representing the Holy Virgin Mary, with the infant Jesus in three of them, were created in the period 1750-1770 and are all made by poplar wood. The purpose of the micro-Raman investigations was to identify the original pigments used in 18th century, after later repainting interventions. In all statues, wood is covered by a groundwork, made by gypsum and animal glue. All pigments were identified, both in the original pictorial cover or in later repainted layers. Pigments were spread on a white lead layer (the so called imprimitura). Attention was particularly focused on the blue colours of the Holy Virgin mantle. In the external repainted layers, Prussian blue (Iron(II,III) hexacyanoferrate(II,III)) was found, together with ultramarine blue, a synthetic pigment, alternative to natural precious lapis lazuli, accessible on or after 1828. In one case, phthalocyanine blue is found, confirming a recent (later than 1930-35) restoration. The original skin colours are obtained by white lead and cinnabar (HgS), while the repainted layers are made by mixing chrome yellow (PbCrO4, synthesized in 1809), zinc yellow (ZnCrO4, 1809), red lead (Pb3O4), ultramarine blue, cinnabar, hematite (Fe2O3), goethite (-FeOOH), calcite (CaCO3) and white lead.Nous présentons une étude par micro-spectroscopie Raman sur la polychromie de quatre sculptures en bois de Jan Geernaert (1704-1777), sculpteur flamand qui a travaillé en Italie au 18ème siècle. Les statues, représentant la Sainte Vierge Marie, avec l'enfant Jésus pour trois d'entre elles, ont été réalisées entre 1750-1770 et sont toutes réalisées en peuplier. Le but de l’investigation par micro-spectroscopie Raman a été d'identifier les pigments d'origine et ceux issus des restaurations ultérieures. Pour toutes les statues, le bois est recouvert d’une couche de préparation réalisée par un mélange de gypse et de colle animale. Tous les pigments ont pu être identifiés, tant dans les couches picturales d'origine que sur les repeints plus tardifs. Les pigments ont été appliqués sur une couche de blanc de plomb (appelé imprimitura). Une attention particulière a été portée sur les couleurs bleus du manteau de la Sainte Vierge. Pour les couches externes correspondant aux repeints, nous avons identifié du bleu de Prusse (fer (II, III) hexacyanoferrate (II, III)) et de l'outremer, un pigment de synthèse disponible à partir de 1828 en alternative lapis-lazuli. Dans un cas, le bleu de phtalocyanine a été identifié, confirmant une restauration plus récente (post 1930-1935). La couleur d'origine de la peau est réalisée à partir de blanc de plomb et de cinabre (HgS). Les pigments présents dans les peintures plus récentes sont les suivants : jaune de chrome (PbCrO4 synthétisé en 1809), jaune de zinc (ZnCrO4, 1809), minium (Pb3O4), bleu outremer, cinabre, hématite (Fe2O3), goethite (-FeOOH), calcite (CaCO3) et blanc de plomb

The autonomy of "Yamahoko-chou" in modern Kyoto

本稿は、近代京都における町自治の変容について、特に担い手の変化から明らかにしたものである。本稿の対象となる六角町では、大正8(1919)年に同町で起きた紛擾によって、伝統的な家持を中心とした自治から、借家人を含めた住民全体による住民自治へと変容する。しかし、その住民自治は、昭和初めの金融恐慌や世界恐慌に端を発する京都の経済不況を背景に、町自治運営の上でいくつかの問題を抱え、定住性を基礎とする「適任者」による自治へと担い手を変えることになるのである。This paper focuses on the autonomy of "Yamahoko-chou," a community-based organization in Kyoto, in the modern era. In July 1919, a conflict occurred between the house-owners and the tenants of "Rokkaku-chou." This brought about a change in the traditional system of autonomy, and management by house-owners was replaced with a new system of management by the residents. However, the new system does not work with some functions of autonomy. Because of this malfunction of autonomy and the depression of Kyoto in the late 1920s, there emerged another system of autonomy, "tekininsya-jichi," which was very similar to the traditional system.研究ノート(Note)application/pdfdepartmental bulletin pape