Developing integrated care pathways for atopic dermatitis—Challenges and unmet needs

Background: GA2LEN-ADCARE is a branch of the largest multidisciplinary network of research centres and clinical care in allergy and asthma, GA2LEN, focussing on the field of atopic dermatitis (AD). AD is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with high burden and many comorbidities requiring different levels of treatment. The need for aligned information from all involved healthcare providers led to the discussion of an integrated care pathway (ICP) plan for AD patient care involving all stakeholders and considering the complexity and variability of the disease, with a particular focus placed on the large number of patients with milder forms of AD. Methods: The GA2LEN ADCARE network and all stakeholders, abbreviated the AD-ICPs working group, were involved in the discussion and preparation of the AD-ICPs during a series of subgroup workshops and meetings in years 2020 and 2021. Results: Here we discuss the unmet needs in AD, the methodology for devising an AD-ICP and the ICP action plan. Conclusion: The GA2LEN ADCARE network has outlined the unmet needs in AD and provided an action plan for devising AD-ICPs, considering the complexity and variability of the disease

Shifts of spatial attention underlie numerical processing and mental arithmetic: Evidence from left and right neglect patients

I will review experimental evidence that addition and subtraction involve shifts of spatial attention on a mental continuum with addition and subtraction causing rightward and leftward shifts, respectively. This is reinforced by neuropsychological evidence that brain-damaged patients with left hemispatial neglect experience difficulties in solving subtraction but not addition problems, but the reverse dissociation has not been observed. To pursue this, a case study was conducted with a 65-year-old left-brain-damaged patient (JPB), who exhibited right unilateral visuo-spatial and representational neglect. JPB was impaired in solving addition but not subtraction problems, whereas, performance in number bisection suggested greater difficulties in keeping track of small numbers than large numbers. These results establish a double dissociation between subtraction and addition in patients with left vs. right neglect and that suggest that attentional mechanisms are crucial for mental arithmetic

A theoretical framework of data parallelism and its operational semantics

Abstract. We developed a theory in order to address crucial questions of program design methodology. We think that it could unify two concepts of data parallel programming that we consider fundamental as they concern data locality expression: the notions of alignment in HPF and shape in C*. In this article, we aim at exploring the impact of program transformations on efficiency. For this, we define a formal operational semantics associated with the aforementioned theory

Individual and collective functions of family historical memories

Within this symposium, presented by researchers from four different universities, we will venture the road of shared memories, starting where most of us start, within the confinement of our families, before examining the memories that are shared amongst members of a social group. During this trip, we will also broaden our temporal horizon by not only focusing on the past, but also on how these memories travel and live across generations, and how they can affect our perception of the future. The first talk of this symposium will be presented by David Baudet. With an online survey, he investigated how often grandparents and parents feel they transmit personal memories to the younger generations, and how frequently children and grandchildren feel they are told about the older generations’ past. This frequency of transmission is analysed with regards to the generation, the generational gap and the type of memory (autobiographical memories or personal memories set in historical time). In the second talk, Aline Cordonnier will describe her study on the descendants of people who either resisted or who collaborated with the German during the Second World War. She argues that vicarious memories in the form of family historical memories can serve many functions – both individual or collective – for the members of the family. Jeremy Yamashiro will then lead us to the world of collective temporal thoughts. They refer to mental representations of the collective past and collective future, and how these two temporal domains relate to one another. In his talk, he will present some recent work on how narrative frames can help mediate the relation between collective memory and collective future thought, and influence variation in temporal horizons for remembered and imagined social identity-relevant events. Finally, Pierre Bouchat will examine in Belgian and American samples which psychosocial variables can predict how members of different groups perceive future collective decline. The symposium aims to develop a discussion around how shared memories can influence the way we perceive and understand ourselves, our family and our society

Influences of Emotions, Sleep Deprivation, and Individual Differences in Visual Perspective Taking Support a Multidimensional Account of Mindreading

Butterfill and Apperly’s (2013) dual-process account proposes that humans efficiently or implicitly track others’ belief by using a minimal model of the mind that only represents registration as a belief-like state. This insight, anchored in terms of how humans’ online social cognition is limited and its restrictions are manifest in terms of signature limits, has revolutionized how scientists think about the architectural and processing characteristics of mindreading that is conducted efficiently. This symposium aims to delineate the representations underpinning efficient mindreading in less-trodden areas. Most data so far come from two sources: on the automaticity of efficient mindreading, and on tracking of false-beliefs about object identity in the numerical sense being the key signature limit of efficient mindreading. The present symposium will push the boundaries of the dual-process account in three ways: 1) we will cross the boundary of action kinematics by investigating interactions between the motor representations of action outcomes and efficient belief-tracking; 2) we will cross the boundary of perspective confrontation by looking at whether or not an agent’s location in space would be encoded when efficiently tracking how someone perceives and expects the world to be; and (3) we will cross the boundary of state-dependent effects by looking at how dynamic variables such as sleep-loss and emotion affect different mindreading processes. Are adults’ efficient (gaze) anticipations of another person’s reach-to-grasp actions underpinned by kinematic cues or by some interaction of motor information with facts about the environment as specified by the agent’s belief-like state? Dr. Jason Low will present new data showing that adults’ eye movements are initially modulated by motor representations whereupon observation of postural cues from the shaping of an agent’s hand (whole-hand prehension versus precision grip) activates observers’ corresponding motor plans, but that later modulation in action anticipation reflects higher-order interaction between motor processing and belief-tracking so that complementary eye-gaze responses are generated. Is under-specification of differences-in-perspective the elemental signature limit operating on efficient mindreading? Katheryn Edwards will present a visual-detection paradigm that weaves together belief-attribution and perspectivization, and discuss new data showing that adults’ reaction times in a perspective-tracking context is helpfully speeded by a bystander’s irrelevant belief when tracking two homogenous objects but not in a perspective-confrontation context when tracking a single heterogeneous object. How is mindreading influenced by emotional states, sleep deprivation, and intrinsic individual differences? Henryk Bukowski will present data indicating that how well adults infer what others see and what they see in social contexts can be better characterized than in terms of poor or good performance. Performance varied according to how self-centered individuals were and how well they manage to resolve conflicts between the self- and another person’s perspective. These findings call for a multidimensional assessment of mindreading performance. The symposium will be framed by a discussion by Dr Stephen Butterfill about the challenges and opportunities that the new data pose to the dual-process account of human mindreading, and which could be the most promising theoretical and research avenues to pursue in the future, followed by open discussion

Transcending individual memory: Family stories of Belgian resistors and collaborators of World War II

In our interdisciplinary project–TRANSMEMO– we investigate the intergenerational transmission of memories within families of resistors and collaborators of the Nazi occupation, in the context of Belgian society. Through individual interviews and questionnaires across three generations, we examine the mechanisms of memory-transfer as well as its familial and social impac

Self-other distinction and Self-other priority in perspective taking

What I think and what another person thinks are not independently processed because information about self and others compete for attention and their processing mutually interferes. Measuring these determinants of perspective-taking success, called self-other priority and self-other distinction, enables finer-grained explanations of experimental and individual differences in healthy and clinical populations

Controlling Dirac fermions optics in high mobility graphene by scanning gate microscop

Among the exotic properties of Dirac excitations in graphene, Klein tunneling appears to be a remarkable one, and its full understanding and control is aprerequisite to build graphene-based electron optics devices. With the advent of high mobility suspended or encapsulated graphene devices, various optical-likebehavior of charge carriers have been reported, such as for examples electron guiding or Fabry-Pérot interferences in n-p-n junctions. So far the p-n junctionsused to guide or reflect electrons are often realized by metallic or graphite gates. Hence their sharpness is fixed and governed mostly by the gate-to-graphenedistance. Here we investigate electron and hole transport through a 300nm wide encapsulated graphene constriction. Using the polarized tip of a cryogenicscanning probe microscope, we can create a local n-p-n or p-n-p junction. By changing tip voltage and distance to the graphene flake, we can control at will theexact shape and sharpness of the junction, hence play with the reflection, transmission and refraction of charge carriers at the p-n interfaces. We present amethod to accurately characterize the exact carrier density profile under the tip influence, and reach a full determination of the tip-induced potential. We observesignatures of electron focusing on the circular tip potential, as well as Fabry-Pérot interference phenomena depending on the tip voltage and position. Theseobservations demonstrate that Scanning Gate Microscopy is a very powerful tool to study and control Klein tunneling in high mobility graphene devices, paving theway to high precision electron optics experiments