Studies on the Flame Spectrochemical Analysis. VI : Determination of Strontium

Strontium radiated its spectral line at 460.7mμ and revealed the band head of band spectrum of its oxide at 681mμ, and the spectral line at 460.7mμ had very high sensitivity. Hydrochloric acid had no effect on the emission, but nitric acid and sulfuric acid decreased its intensity, and phosphoric acid decreased its intensity remarkably until the molar ratio of phosphorus to strontium became about 2 : 3. Alkali metal increased the intensity of strontium emission and the presence of magnesium or appreciably large amounts of calcium caused the depression of its emission, while a large amounts of barium enlarged the emission intensity. Aluminium, chromium, manganese and copper caused the decrease of the spectrum intensity. From these result, strontium in shell and lime stone was determined rapidly with good reproducibility

Studies on the Flame Spectrochemical Analysis. VIII : On the Self Interference and Mutual Interference of Alkali Elements

The self interference and mutual interferences of alkali elements in their flame spectrochemical determination were studied using Beckman model DU spectrophotometer and its type 9200 flame attachment. Two kinds of self interferences were found in the flame spectra of alkali elements ; one was due to the self absorption of the spectral line and the other was due to the ionization of the excited atoms. The self absorption of the spectral line was intensest in sodium and lithium and less intense in potassium, and the ionization of the excited atoms could be observed in the spectra of cesium, rubidium and potassium. The changes of calibration curve of the element caused by these interferences were also discussed. The interaction of alkali element in flame spectra can be classified by the ionization potentials of the elements and the result can be summarized as follows ; the element which has higher ionization potential is intensified its spectral emission in the presence of other element having lower potential, and the spectral emission of the partially ionized element in the flame is extremely intensified by the presence of foreign ionized elements

Determination of Component in Binary Alloy by Backscattering of Beta Particles

The saturation backscattering of β particles changes by the atomic number of a target material and the maximum range of backscattered β particles from the same source also changes by the target material. These properties were applied to the quantitative analyses of the component elements in binary alloys. After investigating the backscattering of the particles emitted from Sr-90 (Y-90) and P-32 by various target elements with or without aluminium absorbers, the optimum conditions for the determination of copper in aluminium and tungsten in tungsten-iron alloy were found. Copper could be determined by counting the backscattering of β emission from Sr-90 (Y-90) through 345 mg/cm^2 absorber and tungsten could be determined with 490 mg/cm^2 absorber

Polarographic Determination of Arsenic in Lead Metal

Polarographic studies of As^ in various supporting electrolytes were made and the method for the polarographic determination of arsenic was established as follows : (1) In sulfuric acid solution (2.5N) containing acetic acid (0.5N), ethyl alcohol (50 per cent) and gelatine (0.01 per cent), 1×10^～0.5×10^M of arsenic was determined by measuring the wave height at the potential from -0.6 to 0.8V. (2) In sulfuric acid solution (1N) containing manganese sulfate (1M), 1×10^～0.5×10^M of arsenic was determined by measuring the wave height at the potential from -0.9 to -1.2V. By using these results the polarographic determination of 0.003～0.1 per cent of arsenic in lead metal could be made

Catalytic Analysis. XXI : Rapid Determination of Tungsten in Iron and Steel

Applying the catalytic reaction of tungsten to the reaction between Marachite Green and titanous ion, the rapid determination of tungsten in iron and steel was studied, and after the fundamental research in various conditions, using the linear relation between the reciprocals of decoloration times of Marachite Green and the amounts of tungsten in the solution, 0.1～0.7 per cent tungsten in iron and steel could be determined, Influences of some diverse ions were also studied

Studies on the Flame Spectrochemical Analysis. VII : Determination of Chromium

Chromium radiated its spectral line at 359.0mμ, 425.0mμ, 427.5mμ, 428.9mμ and 520mμ, and the spectrum was intensest at 425.0mμ and next at 427.5mμ. Hydrochloric acid and nitric acid had no effect on the emission, but sulfuric acid decreased it. Phosphoric acid did not reveal such a phenomenon as on the spectrum of calcium or manganese, although it decreased the intensity. Alkali metal increased the intensity appreciably, while alkali earth metals depressed the emission remarkably when their concentration became large. From the experiment it was suggested that calcium and chromium would be combined in the flame causing emission depression of each spectrum. Other elements, such as aluminium, cobalt and copper decreased the chromium intensity, while iron and manganese had no effect. Using this result, chromium in iron-chromium alloy or slags were determined

Studies on the Flame Spectrochemical Analysis. II : Determination of Microamount of Calcium and Magnesium

Various alcohols were adopted as solvents to intensify the excitation of flame emission of calcium and magnesium. Methyl alcohol was found to be the most effective solvent to rise the sensitivity of the emission intensity of these two elements. Also the influences of acids and some diverse elements were studied and the various conditions of applying this solvent effect to the microdetermination of calcium and magnesium were investigated

Studies on the Flame Spectrochemical Analysis. III : Determination of Magnesium in Aluminium Alloy

Studies were carried out about various factors affecting the flame emission spectrum of magnesium at 371mμ by using Beckman DU spectrophotometer and its flame attachment (type 9200), and it was found that magnesium emission could be obtained in the presence of a large amount of aluminium, although its sensitivity was lessened. These results were applied to the flame spectrophotometric determination of magnesium in aluminium alloys

Studies on the Flame Spectrochemical Analysis. IV : Rapid Determinations of Calcium and Magnesium in Basic Slags

The rapid determinations of calcium and magnesium in basic blast furnace slags were studied by flame spectrochemical method and the factors influencing the flame emission of calcium or magnesium were also researched. Aluminium and phosphorus were main elements which interfered with the determination of calcium, while aluminium and calcium interfered with the magnesium determination. These influences were all avoided by adding them to the sample solutions to become their concentrations to be in definite ranges. After these researches, the rapid methods for the determination of calcium and magnesium in basic slag were established

Determination of Trace of Metals by the Extraction of Inorganic Compounds with Organic Solvents. I : Microdetermination of Cobalt

The complex compounds of cobalt with ammonium thiocyanate was extracted with several solvents, and its extinctancy was measured at 320 and 620 mμ with Beckmann model DU spectrophotometer. The hydrogen ion concentration of the solution, solvents useful for the extraction of the compound and other conditions suitable for the determination of cobalt at 320 and 620 mμ were spectrophotometrically investigated. 1～10γ of cobalt at 620 and 320 mμ and 0.1～1γ of cobalt at 320 mμ were determined by the present method