Our side of the mirror : the (re)-construction of 1970s’ masculinity in David Peace’s Red Riding

David Peace and the late Gordon Burn are two British novelists who have used a mixture of fact and fiction in their works to explore the nature of fame, celebrity and the media representations of individuals caught up in events, including investigations into notorious murders. Both Peace and Burn have analysed the case of Peter Sutcliffe, who was found guilty in 1981 of the brutal murders of thirteen women in the North of England. Peace’s novels filmed as the Red Riding Trilogy are an excoriating portrayal of the failings of misogynist and corrupt police officers, which allowed Sutcliffe to escape arrest. Burn’s somebody’s Husband Somebody’ Son is a detailed factual portrait of the community where Sutcliffe spent his life. Peace’s technique combines reportage, stream of consciousness and changing points of views including the police and the victims to produce an episodic non linear narrative. The result has been termed Yorkshire noir. The overall effect is to render the paranoia and fear these crimes created against a backdrop of the late 1970s and early 1980s. Peace has termed his novels as “fictions of the facts”. This paper will examine the way that Peace uses his account of Sutcliffe’s crimes and the huge police manhunt to catch the killer to explore the society that produced the perpetrator, victims and the police. The police officers represent a form of “hegemonic masculinity” but one that is challenged by the extreme misogyny, brutality, misery and degradation that surround them. This deconstruction of the 1970s male police officer is contrasted with the enormously popular figure of Gene Hunt from the BBC TV series Life on Mars

The ambivalent shadow of the pre-Wilsonian rise of international law

The generation of American international lawyers who founded the American Society of International Law in 1906 and nurtured the soil for what has been retrospectively called a “moralistic legalistic approach to international relations” remains little studied. A survey of the rise of international legal literature in the U.S. from the mid-19th century to the eve of the Great War serves as a backdrop to the examination of the boosting effect on international law of the Spanish American War in 1898. An examination of the Insular Cases before the US Supreme Court is then accompanied by the analysis of a number of influential factors behind the pre-war rise of international law in the U.S. The work concludes with an examination of the rise of natural law doctrines in international law during the interwar period and the critiques addressed.by the realist founders of the field of “international relations” to the “moralistic legalistic approach to international relation

Perturbative method for generalized spectral decompositions

Imposing analytic properties to states and observables we construct a perturbative method to obtain a generalized biorthogonal system of eigenvalues and eigenvectors for quantum unstable systems. A decay process can be described using this generalized spectral decomposition, and the final generalized state is obtained.Comment: 21 Page

The Gamow Functional

We present a formalism that represents pure states, mixtures and generalized states as functionals on an algebra containing the observables of the system. Along these states, there are other functionals that decay exponentially at all times and therefore can be used to describe resonance phenomena.Comment: 10 page

Shadow poles in a coupled-channel problem calculated with Berggren basis

In coupled-channel models the poles of the scattering S-matrix are located on different Riemann sheets. Physical observables are affected mainly by poles closest to the physical region but sometimes shadow poles have considerable effect, too. The purpose of this paper is to show that in coupled-channel problem all poles of the S-matrix can be calculated with properly constructed complex-energy basis. The Berggren basis is used for expanding the coupled-channel solutions. The location of the poles of the S-matrix were calculated and compared with an exactly solvable coupled-channel problem: the one with the Cox potential. We show that with appropriately chosen Berggren basis poles of the S-matrix including the shadow ones can be determined.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 59 reference

Reporting sexual violence on mental health wards

Purpose This paper reports the findings of a scoping study that explored the extent of recorded sexual violence perpetrated on inpatients on mental health units. Design/methodology/approach Using Freedom of Information Act (FOI) requests, data was obtained from both Police forces and subsequently Mental Health Trusts on the number of recorded offences of rape and sexual assault by penetration for the five years 2010- 2015. Findings There were significant variations in the way that both Police forces and Mental Health (MH) Trusts approached the recording of this information. Research limitations/implications The research highlights variation and inadequacy of current recording practices in relation to sexual offences committed against inpatients on mental health units. Practical implications There needs to be more consistent system of recording of allegations of sexual assault and responses to them by agencies. In the Trust recording of these incidents, it is recommended that a specific category of sexual violence is created. Originality/value The paper highlights the ‘gap’ of information in relation to recorded rape and may indicate that complainants with a history of mental illness are less likely to have their allegation recorded as a crime

Muonium addition reactions in the gas phase: Quantum tunneling in Mu + C2H4 and Mu + C2D4

Copyright © 1990 American Institute of Physics.The reaction kinetics for the addition of the muonium (Mu=μ+e−) atom to C2H4 and C2D4 have been measured over the temperature range 150–500 K at (N2) moderator pressures near 1 atm. A factor of about 8 variation in moderator pressure was carried out for C2H4, with no significant change seen in the apparent rate constant kapp, which is therefore taken to be at the high pressure limit, yielding the bimolecular rate constant kMu for the addition step. This is also expected from the nature of the μSR technique employed, which, in favorable cases, gives kapp=kMu at any pressure. Comparisons with the H atom data of Lightfoot and Pilling, and Sugawara et al. and the D atom data of Sugawara et al. reveal large isotope effects. Only at the highest temperatures, near 500 K, is kMu/kH given by its classical value of 2.9, from the mean velocity dependence of the collision rate but at the lowest temperatures kMu/kH≳30/1 is seen, reflecting the pronounced tunneling of the much lighter Mu atom (mμ=1/9 mp). The present Mu results should provide accurate tests of reaction theories on currently available ab initio surfaces.NSERC (Canada), the Canada Council for their awarding of a Killam Research Fellowship and the Meson Science Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo

Reading the death of Mrs A : a serious case review

Purpose – The purpose is to report the main themes identified into the SCR produced by Surrey Safeguarding Adults Board (SSAB) regarding the suicide of Mrs A in January 2013. Design –A case study approach is used to examine the SCR. The article links the findings of the SCR with the broader literature, which has examined the experiences of witnesses and complainants in cases of sexual violence. Findings – The report emphasises that support for witnesses in historic? sexual assault cases has improved but there are still significant gaps in provision. In particular, the systems need to support witnesses for longer after giving evidence. Mental health services need to be more aware of the potential impact of Court cases on victims of sexual violence. The case also highlights the potentially devastating impact of the media reporting of evidence given by victims in rape cases. Implications – The authors hope that a wider consideration of the circumstances of this case will lead to a greater focus on the needs of victims in cases of historic rape and other sexual assault cases. The SCR highlights that the provision of support for women giving evidence in sexual abuse cases is patchy. Such cases raise very serious ethical issues including the question of how to use the special measures that exist to support vulnerable or intimidated witnesses. Originality /value – The paper brings together a number of themes in the wider literature and links them to current practice. It also uses a case study approach to exploring the implications for women, in cases of historical sexual abuse, of giving evidence in Court proceedings