Spectrum of Uropathogens and its Antibiotic Susceptibility in Pregnant Women with Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Running headline: Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnancy

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common bacterial infections in pregnancy and associated with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Objectives: To determine the current uropathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern and to compare the pregnancy outcome among clinical UTI and non clinical UTI cohorts.Patients and methods: This was a prospective matched cohort study carried out between 1st January, 2012 and 30th June, 2012 at the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. The study population was made up of 200 pregnant women with clinical signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections and 200 pregnant women without clinical signs and symptoms ofurinary tract infection as control matched with maternal age group, parity and gestational age.Results: Of 3442 obstetric patients seen 200 had clinically diagnosed UTI in pregnancy giving a rate of 5.8%. Age bracket 21- 30years and multipara had highest frequency of significant bacteriuria. Low social status and third trimester of pregnancy were identified risk factors for UTI in pregnancy. Frequency of maternal anaemia (p=0.02) and hypertension (p=0.03) were significantly higher among subjects than control. The common bacterial uropathogen isolated were Escherichia coli (46.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.9%), Proteus spp.(13.3%) and Klebsiella spp. (11.1%). The antibiotics with highest coverage included Co-amoxyclave (81%), Gentamicin (68.8%) and Cefuroxime (54.4%).Conclusion: Maternal anaemia and hypertension were significantly higher among subjects than control. Gram negative isolates were predominantand E. coli was the most common isolated bacteria. Co-amoxyclave had highest coverage against the bacteria. Therefore, co-amoxyclave is  recommended for empirical use for urinary tract infection in pregnancy in this locality.Keywords: Uropathogens, urinary tract infection, pregnancy, antibiotic sensitivity

Predicting factors of organizational citizenship behavior in Indonesian nurses

This present study investigates the relationship between transformational leadership, learning culture, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, it also examines the mediating role of learning culture and job satisfaction on transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. This study utilized online questionnaires to collect data from nurses in a public hospital in Indonesia. Partial least square (PLS) was used as an analysis tool for 205 collected data. The findings indicated that transformational leadership did not significantly affect organizational citizenship behavior, but this has substantial implications for learning culture and job satisfaction. Both learning culture and job satisfaction significantly and positively predict organizational citizenship behavior. In addition, learning culture and job satisfaction act as perfect mediators between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. This study suggests leaders to maximize a systematic learning program and to pay attention to the nurses’ job satisfaction rate to improve organizational citizenship behavior. The findings also provide learning culture and job satisfaction as critical factors, directly and indirectly, in motivating employees to perform organizational citizenship behavior

Acute mechanical bowel obstruction among adults see at the Lake Akintola

No Abstrac

Hygienic characteristics of radishes grown in soil contaminated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a plant growth-promoter. This bacterium is also implicated in human diseases. Thus, after the use of this bacterium in agriculture, the safety of the final products has to be verified. Due to the ubiquitous presence of S. maltophilia in soil, in this study a massive contamination was simulated to evaluate the growth and safety of Raphanus sativus L.. Results: Different inoculums and soil treatment conditions were tested. Soils were analysed weekly and the radishes at harvest for their microbial loads and presence/persistence of S. maltophilia LMG 6606. The concentration of the bacterium added in the different trials decreased during the first week, but increased thereafter and determined a significant increase of growth parameters of radishes. Conclusions: The addition of S. maltophilia LMG 6606 to non-autoclaved soil enhanced the productivity of radishes. The bacterium did not internalize in the hypocotyls, but colonized the external surface ensuring the safety of the products. Thus, a sanitizing bath of hypocotyls before consumption is necessary

Evaluasi Tata Letak Komponen Daya Gardu Induk Sistem Outdoor 150 Kv di Kabupaten Blora

Substation is a vital part of the power system, other than that substation must be able to distribute electric power safely and reliably. The emergence of large-scale industry and small and also the population growth in Blora district cause the transformer load exceeds the capacity of the normal working system of a transformer at the 150 kV Substation of Blora Regency. In my research this, will be done several methods, among others, the first step to find the literature and references related to the title of the writer is the analysis of the design of outdoor 150 kV outdoor system in Blora District. The second step collecting data in the field in this case the authors chose Substation in Blora regency in accordance with the title of discussion. Then the third step will be calculated the components - components in the substation of 150 kV Blora District to find out the components - the components are selected can actually and is able to distribute electricity properly and safely according to the standards IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)

Simple, effective and economical explant-surface sterilization protocol for cowpea, rice and sorghum seeds

Three different surface sterilization methods were evaluated using seeds and excised embryos of cowpea, rice and sorghum as explants: Method 1: Ethanol alone in concentrations of 95, 90, 85 and 70% at different time intervals and observed at different days. Method 2: Locally produced bleaching solution (JIK® -Reckitt and Benckiser (Nig) Ltd) containing 3.5% Sodium hypochlorite) at different time intervals, observed at different days. Method 3 (The control): The routinely used two step sterilization procedure using 90% ethanol for 3 min followed by sodium hypochlorite 3.5% for 30 min. This is commonly used in most laboratories. However, neat concentration of the locally produced bleaching solution of JIK® (-Reckitt and Benckiser (Nig) Ltd) containing 3.5% sodium hypochlorite was used instead of the pure sodium hypochlorite solution. Our results showed that Method 2 produced the highest reduction in bacterial and fungal contamination (0%) at time intervals between 20 - 45 min. The search for a simple, rapid and economical method of sterilizing explants for tissues culture, instead of the orthodox two-step -two reagent - technique, necessitated these experiments; we would, therefore recommend this technique due to its simplicity and economy

Implementasi Pengoperasian Bus Trans Mataram Metro Di Kota Mataram (Studi Kasus Di Dinas Perhubungan Kota Mataram)

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh permasalahan kemacetan transportasi perkotaan yang diakibatkan tingginya jumlah kendaraan dari para pengguna alat transportasi itu sendiri. Menanggapi permasalahan tersebut Kementerian Perhubungan mencanangkan program pengembangan angkutan umum berbasis jalan salah satunya pengadaan Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) untuk wilayah Kota Mataram dan sekitarnya. BRT Kota Mataram yang disebut juga Bus Trans Mataram merupakan salah satu jenis model angkutan umum yang efisien, aman, nyaman dan terjangkau dengan daya beli masyarakat. Bus Trans Mataram ini mulai beroperasi pada tanggal 21 November 2016 yang memiliki 4 rute. Pertama, di dalam kota, kedua dari pinggiran timur kota, ketiga dari pinggiran utara kota dan keempat, sayang-sayang hingga jalan Lingkar Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian Kualitatif merupakan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan dan mendeskripsikan peristiwa maupun fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan dan menyajikan data secara sistematis, faktual, dan akurat mengenai fakta-fakta atau fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan Teknik Observasi, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi. Peneliti menggunakan Triangulasi sumber untuk mengecek keabsahan data penelitian. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tiga komponen yang terdiri dari Reduksi data, Penyajian data, dan Penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan ini menunjukan bahwa implementasi kebijakan pengoperasian bus Trans Mataram Metro di Kota Mataram belum berjalan secara efektif. Hal ini berdasarkan dari kurangnya sosialisasi, tidak konsistennya implementor, tidak adanya ketegasan pemerintah daerah, tidak tersedianya anggaran operasional yang memadai dalam mengimplementasikan program, dibutuhkannya kontribusi dari Dishub Kota Mataram di bidang angkutan. Sedangkan untuk indikator, besarnya biaya yang dibutuhkan dalam pemenuhan biaya operasional, terjadi penurunan jumlah penumpang, dan masih terdapat ketidaksesuaian kualitaas pelayanan pada bus Trans Mataram Metro. Oleh karena harus adanya pembenahan dari lembaga-lembaga terkait mengenai pengoperasian Bus Trans Mataram Metro sehingga berjalan sesuai dengan rencana yang telah ditetapkan. Abstract This research is motivated by the problem of urban transportation congestion caused by the high number of vehicles of the users of the transportation itself. Responding to the problem, the Ministry of Transportation has launched a road-based public transportation development program, one of which is the provision of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) for the City of Mataram and surrounding areas. The Mataram City BRT, also called the Trans Mataram Bus, is one of the types of public transportation models that is efficient, safe, comfortable and affordable with people's purchasing power. The Trans Mataram Bus starts operating on November 21, 2016 which has 4 routes. First, in the city, second from the eastern suburbs, third from the northern suburbs of the city and fourth, unfortunately to the South Ring Road. This study uses a qualitative method. Qualitative research is research that aims to describe and describe events and phenomena that occur in the field and present data systematically, factually, and accurately about facts or phenomena that occur in the field. Data collection is done by Observation, Interview, and Documentation Techniques. Researchers use source triangulation to check the validity of research data. Data analysis in this study used three components consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of Trans Mataram Metro bus operating policies in Mataram City has not been effective. This is based on the lack of socialization, the inconsistency of the implementor, the lack of firmness of the local government, the unavailability of an adequate operational budget in implementing the program, the need for contributions from the Transportation Department of Mataram in the field of transportation. As for the indicators, the amount of costs needed to meet operational costs, a decrease in the number of passengers, and there are still mismatches of service quality on the Trans Mataram Metro bus. Therefore there must be improvements from relevant institutions regarding the operation of the Trans Mataram Metro Bus so that it runs according to the plan that has been set

New challenges for BRCA testing:a view from the diagnostic laboratory

Increased demand for BRCA testing is placing pressures on diagnostic laboratories to raise their mutation screening capacity and handle the challenges associated with classifying BRCA sequence variants for clinical significance, for example interpretation of pathogenic mutations or variants of unknown significance, accurate determination of large genomic rearrangements and detection of somatic mutations in DNA extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumour samples. Many diagnostic laboratories are adopting next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to increase their screening capacity and reduce processing time and unit costs. However, migration to NGS introduces complexities arising from choice of components of the BRCA testing workflow, such as NGS platform, enrichment method and bioinformatics analysis process. An efficient, cost-effective accurate mutation detection strategy and a standardised, systematic approach to the reporting of BRCA test results is imperative for diagnostic laboratories. This review covers the challenges of BRCA testing from the perspective of a diagnostics laboratory

STUDI PENGGUNAAN DEKSAMETASON PADA PASIEN COVID-19 DERAJAT BERAT DENGAN KOMORBID DIABETES MELLITUS

Administration of Dexamethasone in patients with diabetes needs attention because corticosteroids can increase blood glucose concentrations. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of using Dexamethasone in patients with severe COVID-19 and how to regulate blood glucose in patients with severe COVID-19 in patients with comorbid Diabetes Mellitus. Inclusion criteria for severe COVID-19 patients with comorbid Diabetes Mellitus who use Dexamethasone and therapy groups and receive insulin therapy with or without OAD in inpatient installations. The sample data obtained from the patient's medical records were 27 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria consisting of 70% male and 30% female. Dexamethasone dose of 1 x 6 mg iv mostly uses combination therapy A, the duration of administration is 8 days, and has an average length of stay of 13 days. The shortest average length of hospitalization was 12 days for patients receiving dexamethasone with therapy C for 10 days, while therapy B for 5 days had an average hospitalization of 14 days. Administration of Dexamethasone dose of 1 x 6 mg iv is effective in severe COVID-19 patients with comorbid Diabetes Mellitus based on the length of hospitalization, respectively 13 days, 14 days, and 12 days with an improvement in the clinical condition of oxygen saturation by 91%, 100%, 100%; RT-PCR/Rapid Ag became negative 74%, 100%, 100%; improvement of chest x-ray results, namely 83%, 33%, 100%. The effect of glucocorticoid dexamethasone in comorbid Diabetes Mellitus patients is regulated by administering long-acting insulin, rapid-acting insulin, and oral anti-diabetic.Pemberian deksametason pada pasien dengan penyakit diabetes perlu mendapat perhatian karena kortikosteroid dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi glukosa darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan Deksametason pada pasien COVID-19 derajat berat dan bagaimana regulasi glukosa darah pasien COVID-19 derajat berat pada pasien dengan komorbid Diabetes Mellitus. Kriteria inklusi pasien COVID-19 derajat berat dengan komorbid Diabetes Mellitus yang menggunakan obat Deksametason dan kelompok terapi serta menerima terapi Insulin dengan atau tanpa OAD di instalasi rawat inap. Data sampel yang diperoleh dari rekam medik pasien yaitu sebanyak 27 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi terdiri dari 70% berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan 30% berjenis kelamin perempuan.  Deksametason dosis 1 x 6 mg iv paling banyak menggunakan kombinasi terapi A lama pemberian 8 hari dan memiliki rata-rata lama rawat inap yaitu 13 hari. Rata rata lama rawat inap paling singkat yaitu 12 hari pada pasien yang menerima deksametason dengan terapi C lama pemberian 10 hari sementara terapi B lama pemberian 5 hari memperoleh rata-rata rawat inap 14 hari. Pemberian Deksametason dosis 1 x 6mg iv efektif pada pasien COVID-19 derajat berat dengan komorbid Diabetes Mellitus berdasarkan lama rawat inap berturut-turut 13 hari, 14 hari, dan 12 hari dengan perbaikan kondisi klinis saturasi oksigen sebesar 91%, 100%, 100%; RT-PCR/Rapid Ag menjadi negatif 74%, 100%, 100%; perbaikan hasil foto toraks yaitu 83%, 33%, 100%. Efek glukokortikoid deksametason pada pasien komorbid Diabetes Mellitus diregulasi dengan pemberian insulin long acting, insulin rapid acting dan oral anti diabetes

Scaled momentum distributions for K-S(0) and Λ /̄ Λ in DIS at HERA

Scaled momentum distributions for the strange hadrons K0S and Λ/Λ¯ were measured in deep inelastic ep scattering with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 330 pb−1. The evolution of these distributions with the photon virtuality, Q 2, was studied in the kinematic region 10 < Q 2  < 40000 GeV2 and 0.001 < x < 0.75, where x is the Bjorken scaling variable. Clear scaling violations are observed. Predictions based on different approaches to fragmentation were compared to the measurements. Leading-logarithm parton-shower Monte Carlo calculations interfaced to the Lund string fragmentation model describe the data reasonably well in the whole range measured. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations based on fragmentation functions, FFs, extracted from e + e − data alone, fail to describe the measurements. The calculations based on FFs extracted from a global analysis including e + e −, ep and pp data give an improved description. The measurements presented in this paper have the potential to further constrain the FFs of quarks, anti-quarks and gluons yielding K0S and Λ/Λ¯ strange hadrons