Immunohistochemical study of placental lactogen in the trophoblast in immaturity of the chorionic tree of the placenta on the background of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women

The study of placental lactogen by immunohistochemistry in histological sections of the placenta during physiological pregnancy and on the background of iron deficiency anemia in the aspect of chronic placental insufficiency. It is established that during gestation against the background of iron deficiency anemia decreases the production of placental lactogen by syncytiotrophoblast of the chorionic villi and correlates with the state of the blood of the pregnant woman. The optical density of immunohistochemical staining for placental lactogen of the free trophoblast reflects the degree of maturation of the chorionic tree of the placenta in iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. Chronic placental insufficiency caused by immaturity of the chorionic villi can be compensated at the level of metabolism

Features of violation of maturation of the chorionic tree of the placenta at immaturity of the placental bed of the uterus on the background of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women in terms of chronic insufficiency of manure

The authors of the article investigated the quantitative parameters of the placental chorion tree during physiological pregnancy and gestation against the background of iron deficiency anemia. It has been established that iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women inhibits the development of the placental chorionic tree, which is explained by the formation of chorionic villi (through trophoblastic and free processes) and violation of the transition of terminal villi to terminal "specialized" villi. The diagnosis of chronic placental insufficiency during pregnancy on the background of iron deficiency anemia can be verified morphologically based on quantitative indicators of assessment of the structure of the placental chorionic tree - the percentage of terminal villi should be higher than 43% and the percentage of terminal "specialized" villi lower than 15%

Histological criteria of maturity of the uterine-placental area of manure

In order to improve the procedure of morphological diagnosis of the degree of maturity of the uterine-placental area of the placenta, the authors conducted special studies of the structures of the placental bed of the uterus at different stages of gestation during physiological pregnancy and under various pathologies of the mother or placenta. Criteria for maturity of the uterine-placental area of manure in gestational segments 13-27, 28-36 and 37-40 weeks based on the percentage of spiral arteries with complete gestational remodeling of the walls due to the destructive effect of invasive trophoblast and the first parameters of the norm for the number of veins per unit area in the uterine-placental area. To morphologically determine the degree of maturity of the uteroplacental area, a table of the percentage of spiral arteries with complete gestational adjustment and the number of venous vessels per 1 mm2 area of histological section according to gestational age. For morphological diagnosis of the degree of maturity of the placenta at different stages of gestation during physiological pregnancy and under conditions of different pathology of the mother or placenta, it is recommended to conduct a comprehensive morphological assessment of placental structures using maturity criteria of placental chorionic tree and maturity criteria of placental placenta

Heat Flux at the Surface of Metal Foil Heater under Evaporating Sessile Droplets

Evaporating water drops on a horizontal heated substrate were investigated experimentally. The heater was made of a constantan foil with the thickness of 25 μm and size of 42 × 35 mm2. The temperature of the bottom foil surface was measured by the infrared (IR) camera. To determine the heat flux density during evaporation of liquid near the contact line, the Cauchy problem for the heat equation was solved using the temperature data. The maximum heat flux density is obtained in the contact line region and exceeds the average heat flux density from the entire foil surface by the factor of 5–7. The average heat flux density in the region wetted by the drop exceeds the average heat flux density from the entire foil surface by the factor of 3–5. This fact is explained by the heat influx from the foil periphery to the drop due to the relatively high heat conductivity coefficient of the foil material and high evaporation rate in the contact line region. Heat flux density profiles for pairs of sessile droplets are also investigated

Mathematical modelling of liquid meniscus shape in cylindrical micro-channel for normal and micro gravity conditions

Mathematical model of liquid meniscus shape in cylindrical micro-channel of the separator unit of condensing/separating system is presented. Moving liquid meniscus in the 10 μm cylindrical microchannel is used as a liquid lock to recover the liquid obtained by condensation from the separators. The main goal of the liquid locks to prevent penetration of a gas phase in the liquid line at the small flow rate of the condensate and because of pressure fluctuations in the vapor-gas-liquid loop. Calculation of the meniscus shape has been performed for liquid FC-72 at different values of pressure difference gas - liquid and under normal and micro gravity conditions

Mathematical modelling of liquid meniscus shape in cylindrical micro-channel for normal and micro gravity conditions

Mathematical model of liquid meniscus shape in cylindrical micro-channel of the separator unit of condensing/separating system is presented. Moving liquid meniscus in the 10 μm cylindrical microchannel is used as a liquid lock to recover the liquid obtained by condensation from the separators. The main goal of the liquid locks to prevent penetration of a gas phase in the liquid line at the small flow rate of the condensate and because of pressure fluctuations in the vapor-gas-liquid loop. Calculation of the meniscus shape has been performed for liquid FC-72 at different values of pressure difference gas - liquid and under normal and micro gravity conditions

Fin Shape Design for Stable Film-Wise Vapor Condensation in Microgravity

Under microgravity conditions, the dynamics of a thin condensate film on a curved surface is determined by the capillary pressure gradient proportional to the mean surface curvature gradient. A one-parameter family of axisymmetric surfaces is found for which the gradient of mean curvature is constant. The dimensionless equation for rotation angle of the generatrix curve is found. There is a single generatrix curve for an axisymmetric surface for which the rotation angle at the inflexion point assumes a predetermined value. Due to the constant gradient of capillary pressure on such a surface, a stable condensate flow is ensured under microgravity conditions. A similar curve for the planar case, known as the clothoid or "Cornu spiral", is used to find the best transition curve to get the smoothest traffic on the roads. A numerical model for film-wise vapor condensation on such surface has been built. The film thickness distribution and mass flow rate of the HFE-7100 along the cooled curvilinear fin have been calculated. Calculations were done both for terrestrial gravity and microgravity. This work proposes a particular surface shape, found numerically, for conducting experiments on the pure vapor condensation under microgravity conditions in Parabolic Flight Campaigns and onboard the International Space Station.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Mathematical modelling of liquid meniscus shape in cylindrical micro-channel for normal and micro gravity conditions

Mathematical model of liquid meniscus shape in cylindrical micro-channel of the separator unit of condensing/separating system is presented. Moving liquid meniscus in the 10 μm cylindrical microchannel is used as a liquid lock to recover the liquid obtained by condensation from the separators. The main goal of the liquid locks to prevent penetration of a gas phase in the liquid line at the small flow rate of the condensate and because of pressure fluctuations in the vapor-gas-liquid loop. Calculation of the meniscus shape has been performed for liquid FC-72 at different values of pressure difference gas - liquid and under normal and micro gravity conditions