Efficacy of vitamin E and selenium for the prevention of intra-abdominal adhesions in rats: uterine horn models

OBJECTIVE: This study compares the efficacies of vitamin E and selenium, both individually and in combination, for the prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions in rats. METHODS: Forty-seven female rats were divided into five groups. The sham animals (S group, n = 7) were given only laparotomies and intraperitoneally received 0.9% NaCl (2 ml). In the 40 other rats, abrasions of the left uterine horn were performed, followed by intraperitoneal administration of either 2 ml 0.9% NaCl (C group), 10 mg vitamin E (vitamin E group), 0.2 mg/kg selenium (Se group) or 10 mg vitamin E with 0.2 mg/kg selenium (vitamin E + Se group), with 10 animals in each treatment group. RESULTS: Adhesion formation was significantly reduced in animals in the Se and vitamin E + Se groups (p<0.05). Tissue catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities did not significantly differ between the groups. However, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and reduced glutathione levels were slightly increased in the vitamin E, Se and vitamin E + Se groups. In the vitamin E group, malondialdehyde concentrations were significantly lower than in the C group (p<0.05), but no significant differences were present among the S, C, Se and vitamin E + Se groups. Levels of nitric oxide were significantly higher in the C group than in the other groups (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Intraperitoneal administration of selenium or combined vitamin E and selenium appears to be effective in preventing intra-abdominal adhesion formation in rat models through the reduction of lipid peroxidation products

Yeraltı Su Seviyesi Değişiminin Dayanma Duvar Tasarımına Etkisinin Parametrik Olarak Araştırılması

Dayanma duvarlarının günümüzde arazinin etkin kullanımı için çok yüksek öneme sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Özellikle yüksek eğime sahip arazilerde daha etkin arazi kullanımı için sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Bu nedenle dayanma duvarı yapılarının tasarımı ve inşası insan ve çevre güvenliği açısından yüksek öneme sahiptir. Her ne kadar günümüzde bilgisayar teknolojileri gelişmiş olsa da dayanma duvarları yalnız statik ve dinamik yükler etki altında tasarlanmakta olup, yer altı su seviyesi değişimi ve drenaj probleminden dolayı su seviyesinin yükselmesi gibi durumlar tasarımda genel olarak dikkate alınmamaktadır. Dayanma duvarının tasarımında su yükü dikkate alınsa bile, yeraltı suyu değişim etkisi küresel ısınma sebebiyle değişen iklim koşulları sebebiyle meydana gelen daha yoğun yağışın su etkisinden daha az olabilmektedir. Bu tez çalışması, yaygın olarak kullanılan betonarme dayanma duvarı tasarımında su seviyesinin yükselmesinin stabiliteye etkisi incelenmiş ve dayanma duvarı tasarımına katkı sağlamayı amaçlamıştır. Dayanma duvarı arkasında bulunan duvar arkası dolgu zemin sabit olmak üzere; üç farklı zemin tipinde, dört farklı duvar yüksekliği dikkate alınarak, yedi farklı su seviyesi ile toplam 84 farklı tasarım durum için inceleme yapılmıştır. Yapılan incelemelerde iç ve dış stabilite ayrı ayrı incelenerek sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Hesaplama için GEO5 bilgisayar programı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplar sonucunda yer altı su seviyesinin duvarının tabanından itibaren yukarı doğru yükselmesinin, dayanma duvarı stabilitesini olumsuz olarak etkilediği ve istenmeyen göçmelere sebebiyet verecek kadar gerilme artışlarına neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca değişen duvar yüksekliği ve temel zemin özelliğine göre duvarın stabilitesi açısından kritik su yüksekliği yorumlanmıştır

Pathological and bacteriological examination ot' pneumonia in beef cattle

In this study, the lungs ot 1216 various breeds of beet cattle aged 6-24 months slaughtered in Elazığ Gunet slaughterhouse were examined macroscopicatly for pneumonia on the dates ot December 2001- February 2002. Pneumonias were determined in the 149 (12.25%) lungs which had been examined Microscopically, pneumonias were classified as tollows: interstitial pneumonia (36 24%), catarrhal-puruleni bronchopneumonia (27.52%), libnnous bronchopneumonia (16.11%), necrotic bronchopneumonia with abscessalion (8.72%l and verminous pneumonia (i 1.41%). In the bacteriological investigation, pure or mix bacteria izolation were made in 32.21% ot pneumonia lungs. There was no bacterial isolation in 67.79% ol pneumonia lungs. As a result of bacterial isolation, S. aureus was the most common microorganism (14.76%), and it followed by Corynebactertum spp. (7 38%

Pathological findings in the first case of caprine paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) in Elazığ

Caprine paratuberculosis (Johne's disease) was diagnosed according to pathomorphological findings in a 5-year-old indigenous female hairy goat in Elazig. Diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (M.a. paratuberculosis) in the intestinal smears and tissue sections stained with the Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method, and also detection of specific M.a. paratuberculosis DNA by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Evaluation of the genetic resistance status to classical and atypical scrapie in Karacabey merino rams

WOS: 000365509400017Scrapie, the oldest prion disease of sheep, has two types: classical and atypical scrapie. It was determined that some nucleotide polymorphisms in the PrP coding gene have affected classical and atypical scrapie susceptibility. Consequently, EU member states have established breeding programs aiming to increase genetic resistance of their flocks to classical scrapie. These breeding programs have primarily been implemented in economically important breeds. Thus, we investigated classical and atypical scrapie related PrP genotypes of the Karacabey merino breed, which is of great economic importance in western regions of Turkey. In relation to classical scrapie, three alleles (ARR, ARQ, and VRQ) and five genotypes (ARR/ARR, ARR/ARQ, ARQ/ARQ, ARR/VRQ, and ARQ/VRQ) were identified. Frequencies were found to be 0.280, 0.677, and 0.043 for the alleles and 0.086, 0.376, 0.452, 0.011, and 0.075 for the genotypes, respectively. In terms of atypical scrapie, four alleles (ALRR, ALRQ, AFRQ, and VLRQ) and eight genotypes (ALRR/ALRR, ALRR/AFRQ, ALRR/ALRQ, ALRQ/AFRQ, ALRQ/ALRQ, VLRQ/ALRR, VLRQ/ALRQ, and VLRQ/AFRQ) were identified. Frequencies were found to be 0.272, 0.636, 0.049, and 0.043 for the alleles and 0.076, 0.033, 0.348, 0.043, 0.413, 0.011, 0.054, and 0.022 for the genotypes, respectively. Three nonsynonymous and two silent additional polymorphisms were also determined along with the PrP coding gene.General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies of Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and LivestockGida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik BakanligiThis research was carried out at the Sheep Research Institute Bandirma, Balikesir, Turkey. Research was funded by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies of Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock