Analisis Modal Sosial pada Himpunan Pelajar Mahasiswa Pelalawan (Hipmawan) di Pekanbaru

This study discusses the social capital within the Association of Students Pelalawan (HIPMAWAN) Pekanbaru. Social capital within the Association of Students Pelalawan (HIPMAWAN) Pekanbaru can be seen through some of the indicators of which is the notion of social capital, social capital within an organization, the elements of social capital, social interaction and social networks. The subjects were students who are members of the Association of Students Pelalawan (HIPMAWAN) Pekanbaru. The method used in this research is purposive sampling and analysis of the data used is descriptive and qualitative analysis. Data collected by using interviews and documentation. The theory used is the theory of social capital. This study aims to determine what kind of social capital and what activities are carried out by the Association of Students Pelalawan (HIPMAWAN) Pekanbaru. Results of this study is the social capital that exist within HIPMAWAN is based on the equation, namely the area of origin of students Pelalawan and all activities undertaken by HIPMAWAN is based for the progress and welfare of society and Pelalawan

Radiochemical Studies of 99Tc and 14C in Environmental Samples

99Tc, the most crucial technetium isotope enviromentally, is a pure, weak beta-emitter with maximum energy 0.292 Mev and specific activity of 630 kBq mg-1. 99Tc is mainly released to the environment as waste discharge from nuclear reprocessing facilities and from previous nuclear atmospheric detonation tests and nuclear accidents. Because of its long half-life and current interest in the collective long-term dose, it is necessary to establish a knowledge of the behaviour of 99Tc in the environment for complete assessment of the impact of nuclear industry. Effort has been made to develop a radiochemical method which can be applied to environmental samples in order to gain information by obtaining more accurate and precise data to assess the impact of Tc releases on man. Attention has been focussed for this purpose on inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), a new powerful technique for elemental and isotopic analysis which combines the remarkable characteristics of the ICP for atomizing and ionizing injected samples with the sensitivity and selectivity of mass spectrometry. Hence, with the advent of ICP-MS as a highly sensitive method of detection of long-lived radionuclides, this has been investigated and successfully applied to 99Tc analysis. Technetium from large volume water samples was concentrated by anion exchange (Dowex 1-X8) resin and recovered by elution with 12M HNO3. Biological (algae) samples were dissolved in 9M HNO3 by refluxing, followed by filtration, and, as with the water sample eluate, evaporated and redissolved in 2M H2SO4. Soil (silt) and sediment samples were ashed at 600C, treated with 2M H2SO4 containing 2 cm3 H2O2 added to the ash, and finally the solution was filtered to provide a clear solution. Since ICP-MS is based on the measurement of the mass of an element, isobaric interferences at mass 99 must be eliminated as far as possible. For 99Tc, 99Mo is not a problem as this radionuclide decays with a half life of 67 hrs and after few days will have gone. The other isobaric nuclide is 99Ru. 99Ru is stable and 12.7% abundant in natural ruthenium which occurs in the environment and is a key problem. Two methods were used for the decontamination from Ru. The first method consisted of a series of steps, involving valency control with H2O2 and NaCIO, boiling from H2SO4 solution and solvent extractions with CCl4, cyclohexanone and triisooctylamine(TIOA)-xylene. The second method included: the boiling of H2SO4 media, NaOH elution and TIOA-xylene extraction. After treatment to remove Ru, the resulting solution was adjusted to pH 7 and passed through Dowex 1-X8 resin in order to get a clear solution in 2% HNO3 with a salt concentration of <0.1%. 99mTc and 95mTc tracers were used to determine radiochemical yields; 99Tc for method calibration, Ru standard solution to check decontamination and Rh for monitoring the response of the ICP-MS instrument. Two reference materials i.e. IAEA marine algae and BNFL seaweed (Fucus vesiculosus) were analysed for intercomparison studies. The % chemical yield for water samples was found to be 65+/-15, for biological material (algae) 70+/-11 and for soil (silt) samples 65+/-15. The limit of detection of 99Tc by ICP-MS was 0.004 ppb. Various types of samples were analysed in order to verify the new ICP-MS procedures and to determine environmental 99Tc levels as follows: in order to check the liquid discharges and dilution of 99Tc from the Sellafield Reprocessing Plant, Fucus vesiculosus was collected from many relevant coastal sites as it is a well known bioindicator for various radionuclides including Tc; the Ascophyllum/Fucus ratio values were measured and were in good agreement with the literature values; the levels of 99Tc in Porphyra and water samples were below the detection limit; moss and lichen samples were collected from an undisturbed area 1 km east of the Chernobyl site, but the 99Tc concentrations were below the limit of detection. Another problem addressed in the present work was the measurement of environmental 14C contamination in the air from a low power (300 kW) training reactor namely, that at the Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre, East Kilbride near Glasgow. For analysis, air from the reactor stack, the reactor hall and two sites in the immediate vicinity (downwind on the east side of the reactor stack) was passed through 0. 1M barium carbonate to collect CO2 as precipitated barium carbonate and the carbon converted to benzene. 14C was measured in this form by liquid scintillation counting using a Tricarb 2260XL instrument (Packard Instrument Company). All the four sites showed enhancement when the reactor was running. The reactor stack and the reactor hall showed some enhanced activity even when the reactor was shut down. The 14C released from the reactor corresponded to = 12 MBq y-1

Impact of poverty and child labor on the economic growth of Afghanistan

The paper explores the impact of poverty and child labor on the economic growth of Afghanistan. For this study, secondary data is used. The data included in this paper is from 1998 till 2016. Ordinary least square (OLS) estimation technique is used for the estimation of data. The result acquired from the study concludes that the poverty has negative impact on economic growth of a country. Similarly, unemployment also has negative impact on economic growth of a country. Increase in poverty and unemployment world decline economic growth. Inflation has positive impact on economic growth of a country. Exports and child labor also has positive impact on economic growth of a country. Increase in exports and child labor cause economic growth of a country. Finally, we conclude that poverty and unemployment has negative while child labor, inflation and exports has positive impact on the economic growth of a country

Applications of artificial intelligence in water treatment for optimization and automation of adsorption processes:Recent advances and prospects

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool to resolve real-world problems and has gained tremendous attention due to its applications in various fields. In recent years, AI techniques have also been employed in water treatment and desalination to optimize the process and to offer practical solutions to water pollution and water scarcity. Applications of AI is also expected to reduce the operational expenditures of the water treatment process by decreasing the cost and optimizing chemicals usage. This review summarizes various AI techniques and their applications in water treatment with a focus on the adsorption of pollutants. Numerous AI models have successfully predicted the performance of different adsorbents for the removal of numerous pollutants from water. This review also highlighted some challenges and research gap concerning applications of AI in water treatment. Despite several advantages offered by AI, there some limitations that hindered the widespread applications of these techniques in real water treatment systems. The availability and selection of data, poor reproducibility, less evidence of applications in real water treatment are some of the key challenges that need to be addressed. Recommendations are made to ensure the successful applications of AI in future water-related technologies. This review is beneficial for environmental researchers, engineers, students, and all stakeholders in the water industry

The effects of foreign aids on economic development of Afghanistan

The role of foreign aid in supporting economic development and its effectiveness in decreasing poverty in the developing countries have been an intense topic of debate in the development context. This dissertation focuses on the social economic costs related to foreign aid in Afghanistan. The aim is to suggest a series of actions and policies to make foreign aid programs more effective on economic development and governance in Afghanistan. The researcher applied quantitative research methods and employed secondary time series annual data for the period of 1960-2021. The study used. The study conducted the analysis of time series data through ADF to check Stationarity of each variable first and then Johansen co-integration tests to assess the long run relationship of foreign aid and GDP of Afghanistan. All analyses were carried out using econometric software package EView 10. The results of ADF tests showed that variables ODA and GDP of Afghanistan were stationary at first difference. The Johansen co-integration test authenticated that there is long-run relationship between foreign aid and GDP of Afghanistan. Based on the result of the OLS test, the result is statistically significant according to the p-value of 5%, and the existence of the long-run relationship between GDP and ODA is confirmed. The 1% change in net official development assistance leads to a 5.6% change in GDP

EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH HIJAU (Piper betle L.) DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz & Sacc. SECARA IN VITRO

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc merupakan fungi fitopatogen yang menyebabkan penyakit antraknosa sehingga perlu dikendalikan. Pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan ekstrak daun sirih hijau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih hijau terbaik dan efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan C. gloeosporioides secara in vitro. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada Bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2021 di Laboratorium Patologi, Entomologi, Mikrobiologi dan Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. Penelitian dilakukan melalui percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan perlakuan yakni 5 konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih hijau (0; 1,25; 2,5; 3,75; dan 5%) dengan 4 ulangan. Parameter meliputi morfologi koloni, diameter koloni, laju pertumbuhan, dan daya hambat koloni C. gloeosporioides. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirih hijau berpengaruh terhadap bentuk morfologi koloni, menurunkan laju pertumbuhan koloni, diameter koloni, dan meningkatkan daya hambat terhadap koloni C. gloeosporioides. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi 5% merupakan konsentrasi terbaik dengan kriteria cukup efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan C. gloeosporioides secara in vitro. Kata kunci: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, fungisida, sirih hijau

SEXUAL AND CYBER BULLYING IN JAY ASHER’S THIRTEEN REASONS WHY: AN ISLAMIC ANALYSIS

This paper is entitled “Sexual and cyber bullying in Jay Asher’s Thirteen Reasons Why: An Islamic Analysis”. The objectives of the paper are: 1) to identify the types of bullying as seen in the novel, and 2) to explore sexual and cyber bullying experienced by Hannah Baker. The subject in this paper is the novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher. The object in this paper is the bullying experienced by Hannah Baker. This paper can be categorized into library research and applies descriptive qualitative method. The findings are: first, types of bullying in the novel as follows: (1) written bullying, (2) sexual harassment, (3) cyber bullying, (4) social bullying, (5) physical bullying, (6) verbal bullying, and (7) psychological bullying. Second, Bryce Walker and Marcus Cole did sexual harassment; then Justin Foley did cyber bullying to Hannah Baker

SEXUAL AND CYBER BULLYING IN JAY ASHER’S THIRTEEN REASONS WHY: AN ISLAMIC ANALYSIS

This paper is entitled “Sexual and cyber bullying in Jay Asher’s Thirteen Reasons Why: An Islamic Analysis”. The objectives of the paper are: 1) to identify the types of bullying as seen in the novel, and 2) to explore sexual and cyber bullying experienced by Hannah Baker. The subject in this paper is the novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher. The object in this paper is the bullying experienced by Hannah Baker. This paper can be categorized into library research and applies descriptive qualitative method. The findings are: first, types of bullying in the novel as follows: (1) written bullying, (2) sexual harassment, (3) cyber bullying, (4) social bullying, (5) physical bullying, (6) verbal bullying, and (7) psychological bullying. Second, Bryce Walker and Marcus Cole did sexual harassment; then Justin Foley did cyber bullying to Hannah Baker

SEJARAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN KERAJINAN ANYAMAN BAMBU DI DESA RAJAPOLAH KECAMATAN RAJAPOLAH KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA

Desa Rajapolah merupakan salah satu wilayah pengrajin anyaman bambu yang berada di daerah Kabupaten Tasikmalaya Provinsi Jawa Barat, tumbuhan bambu yang ada di Desa Rajapolah terbilang cukup banyak dan tumbuh subur, masyarakat di Desa Rajapolah memanfaatkan bambu sebagai bahan baku untuk membuat kerajinan seperti anyaman. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) mengetahui sejarah kerajinan anyaman bambu (2) mengetahui perkembangan kerajinan anyaman bambu (3) mengetahui proses pembuatan kerajinan anyaman bambu. Dalam penyusunan skripsi ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah yang meliputi heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Selain itu penulis juga menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan agar dapat menyajikan tulisan yang komprehensif. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: Pertama, kerajinan anyaman bambu di Desa Rajapolah merupakan usaha turun-temurun yang sampai saat ini dijalani. Kedua, perkembangan kerajinan anyaman bambu di Desa Rajapolah dapat dilihat dari sumber daya manusia, tingkat produksi, inovasi produk, dan pengembangan pasar. Dalam perkembangan kerajinan anyaman bambu di Desa Rajapolah tidak terlepas dari kontribusi Pemerintah Daerah, upaya yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Daerah dalam mengembangkan kerajinan anyaman bambu ini adalah pemberian bantuan dana, mengadakan pelatihan, mengajak kerja sama antara pengrajin dan pengusaha kerajinan. hal ini dilakukan supaya kerajinan anyaman bambu di Desa Rajapolah dapat terus berkembang dan dilestarikan serta dapat bersaing dengan produk modern

Impact of Education on the Labor Force of Afghanistan

An educated and skilled labor force is a high-ranking asset for a country as well as for an organization the effect of education on the work force has been examined in this research. The paper examines both male and female students in the education sector and the total labor force of Afghanistan from 2011 to 2020. For an empirical analysis, secondary data has been collected from the websites of the Ministry of Education, the World Bank, and the World Development Indicator. The Multiple Regression Model of SPSS 19 has been used for data analysis. Afghanistan's total labor force is considered a dependent variable, while both male and female students are considered independent variables. Overall, the model exhibits a strong correlation among the variables, but individually, the correlation between female education and the labor force is strongly positive, while the correlation between male education and the labor force is weakly negative. The R-value of the model is equal to 0.859, indicating a strong relationship and the R-squared value is equal to 0.738, demonstrating that a one-unit change in education causes a 73.8% change in the labor force. In conclusion, education has a strong and positive impact on the labor force.&nbsp