The influence of sevofluran, in the dose of produced saliva and at the periodontal status, at pediatric patients

Purpose: Under the analysis of the characteristics of general anesthetics and via side effects, the goal of the study is to assess the impact of the sevofluran in the dose of produced saliva. This changing is considering in connection with the change in status of gingival health of pediatric patients, before and after the surgical procedure. Materials and methods: The study was applied in 28 gingival status measurement and assessment to 14 patients that received treatment, without limitation an age, who underwent surgical treatment protocol. The selection of children was conducted on basis of the kind of general anesthetic used and applied in full agreement with the parents. Results: Difference in ml for 5 minutes, between the mean values, is 0.36ml. Expressed in datas, the growing is by double of the normal production value per minute. From the table, it appears that 57% of patients including in the study, are in terms of quantity of produced saliva. 36% of children suffer from hipersalivacion and 7% suffer from hiposalivacion. About around 25% of children involved with in the study, suffered from periodontal illnesses. Patients were classified according to their change of values ​​by three degrees. Conclusion: The general anesthetic sevofluran influences on increasing the volumes of produced saliva. Applying sefovluran affect the aggravation of periodontal status at gingival margo and at fixed gingiva

Evaluation of the Appearance of Dermatological Bullous Diseases in the Oral Cavity

Dermatological bullous diseases have visible signs in the oral cavity. The study is aimed at early detection of oral lesions, to link them to the presence or not of apparent skin disorders affecting the quality of the patient\u27s lifestyle. Patient awareness of coexistence between dermatological concerns and the presence of oral lesions should be the starting point of every dentist during the intraoral examination, after drying of the mucous membranes and gingiva.The study includes patients randomly presented: patients at the University Clinic AU and patients in the Dermatology Department, QSUT, during the period between November 2017 and January 2018. Patients were evaluated according to the Dermatological Life Quality Index (ICJD) and the presence of oral lesions in the oral cavity. Oral lesions reported in the patients appear to be more commonly occurring in female patients than in male patients over 40 years of age. Oral buccal mucosa areas are more affected than gingival area, palatum and tongue areas. Detection of disorders during oral routine examination is the beginning to follow the evolution of these dermatological bullous diseases, as the further prognosis also depends on the moment of detection and awareness of the initial existence of the disease

Extraction as an indicator of dental oral health of a population

Introduction: In dental clinics, the dental extraction is one of the most routine procedure. There are a number of reasons to extract a tooth, but based on the literature, the main reasons listed are: caries, periodontal diseases and extraction for further orthodontic treatment. Material and methods: This was a retrospective study carried out at one of the largest clinics in the country. 327 clinical cases documented with periapical radiographs were included in the study and were analyzed in detail to find the reason of extraction. Once identified radiographic reasons for extraction, scored individual ones of the three major groups: endodontic reasons, periodontal reasons and other reasons. Results: The first group represented by 50% of extractions, with caries as primary cause. The second group represented by 30% of extractions, with periodontal diseases as the primary cause. Group III represented by 20% of extractions with many different reasons, other than those two above groups. Caries was the main cause for extraction in the age group 20-40 years and above 70 years, whereas in the age 40-70 years old more than 50% teeth were extracted because of periodontal reasons. Conclusion: The financial cost of replacing an extracted tooth, as with prosthetic methods or with implants, has led the extraction to be evaluated as the first choice in the absence of funds; having devoted more attention to improving oral hygiene, the use of prophylactic methods, as well as more detailed analysis in finding alternative treatments, which lead to increased longevity of a tooth

Regenerative capacity of dental mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review

Background: Oral mesenchymal cells already have wide clinical applications based on their tissue regenerative abilities. The purpose of this study is to present the picture of scientific research on the application of mesenchymal cells. Methods: This review study presents data processing of selected articles on clinical application of oral mesenchymal cells as a future of technology with relatively reduced cost. As inclusion criteria, there are articles that evaluated the regenerative abilities of cells prior to their oral origin. The exclusion criteria are mainly laboratory procedural techniques of manipulation with mesenchymal cells. From 735 articles screened for retrieval, 148 articles were found. After application of exclusion criteria, it was reached in total, about 38 selected articles were analyzed based on combinations of keywords on the PubMed page. These articles were classified based on concrete positive results and evasive results of studies on the role, mechanism of action, and field of application of oral mesenchymal cells. Results: The selection ratio of mesenchymal cells of pulpal origin or of periodontium origin is based on the first type of cells. Regardless of the fact that the trend of their application is again in the oral cavity, in a smaller percentage they tend to be applied for tissue regeneration in other organs. Discussion: There is a lack of “in vivo” type studies. The trend of articles is about review-type studies on the field of application of oral mesenchymal cells. Articles, where the field of application of mesenchymal cells is beyond the oral cavity for the purpose of application in regenerative medicine, occupy a reduced percentage. There are significant differences between differentiating abilities depending on the source from which these cells are taken from the oral cavity. This ability can be modeled by using growth factors, cytokines, bioactive substances, or local anesthetics

Dental Prophylaxis versus Dental-Facial Aesthetics, Data about Patients` Approach to These Treatments

Introduction: In facial dental esthetics and services to achieve attractive beauty for the human eye, more monthly funds of individual spending are spent on these services than the dental services of treatment of pathologies or dental prophylaxis. The study aims to present the concrete individual approach to dental prophylaxis and oral care, compared to the individual approach, versus facial aesthetics and not only, oriented around the idea of what the patient is inclined to choose today, cost, advantages, disadvantages and the risks of achieving the "perfect smile". Materials and methods: The study presents the collection of data from the survey of 70 individuals on the monthly services, the cost, that they perform specifically for facial aesthetics and for dental treatments or prophylaxis. The study was conducted on the processing of data collected from the survey of the target age group 20-45 years, in the geographical area of the cities of Elbasan and Tirana, in Albania. Results: 98% of individuals surveyed were aware of the services offered by facial aesthetics against the figure of 80% of individuals who had information about dental hygiene. For personal care and facial aesthetics (whether this is a cost realized with products in home conditions or in aesthetic centers) from the collected data it can be shown that such services capture "scary" figures compared to the cost of dental services. Such services in the span of one month are equal to the cost of annual services that these people spend in a dental office. Conclusions: The importance of providing information and evaluating the periodic care that patients should show on oral hygiene and oral health should be as important as any other treatment, be it aesthetic. The results showed that the concept of dental prophylaxis and its application today has changed and faded, due to the fact that patients tend to care more about facial aesthetics and "neglect" care towards oral health. &nbsp

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

HBOT Application at Cases of Gingival Inflammation

The treatment of periodontal diseases, mainly of their origin, with the most common clinical manifestation in form of gingival inflammation, is manifold and powerful, including: mechanical therapy, antibiotic, antiseptic and various approaches to treatment, which are recommended to be used within a short period of time. New therapeutic approaches have been proven as alternative treatment to conventional therapy, or in combination with conventional therapies, to reduce the number of periodontopathic pathogens in gingival sulcus. HBOT has a detrimental effect on periodontal microorganisms, as well as beneficial effects on the healing of periodontal tissue, increasing oxygen pressure in gingival pockets. Our study is aimed at reviewing the current published literature on hyperbaric oxygen therapy and focuses on role of HBOT as a therapeutic measure for the individual with periodontal disease in general and for the impact on the recovery of gingival inflammation. HBOT and periodontal treatment together, reduce up to 99% of the gram-negative anaerobic load of subgingival flora. HBOT, significantly reduces subgingival anaerobic flora. Clinical effects in 2-year follow-up of treated patients are sensitive. Reduction of gingival hemorrhage indexes, depth of peritoneum, plaque index, occurs in cases of combination of HBOT and detraction. Reduced load persists up to 2 months after therapy. The significant increase in connective tissue removal starts at the end of 2nd week, to achieve the maximum in week 3-6 of application. HBOT used for re-implantation, stimulates the healing of periodontal membrane, pulp, prevents root resorption, healing of periodontal lining tissues. HBOT, significantly reduces the hemorrhage index with 1.2 value difference, 0.7mm probe depth, reduces gingival fluid by 2. HGH exposure is increased by gingival blood flow, with a difference of 2 in measured value. The therapeutic effects of HBOT in the value of the evaluation index can be saved up to 1-year post treatment.</jats:p