In vivo proinflammatory activity of generations 0–3 (G0–G3) polyamidoamine (PAMAM) nanoparticles

International audienceThe aim of this study was to determine whether different generations (G) polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers possess proinflammatory activities in vivo. Several hundred female CD-1 mice were used to test four different PAMAM dendrimers using the murine air pouch model. Mice received appropriate negative and positive controls or G0-G3 PAMAM nanoparticles at 100 and 500 µg/ml into air pouches. Exudates were harvested after 3, 6, 24 and 48 h. Cell pellets and supernatants were used to determine the number of total leukocytes and neutrophils and to detect the production of several analytes by an antibody array approach, respectively. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. PAMAM dendrimers rapidly increased a leukocyte influx after 3 h, the vast majority of cells being neutrophils. This was also observed after 6 and 24 h, and resolution of inflammation was noted after 48 h. In general, the increased production of a greater number of analytes detected in the exudates after 6 h correlated with the number of dendrimer generations (G3 > G2 > G1 > G0). PAMAM dendrimers devoid of any delivering molecules possess proinflammatory activities in vivo by themselves, probably via the production of different chemokines released by air pouch lining cells

Emerging Nanotechnology in Chronic Respiratory Diseases

A large population, including people of all age groups, is suffering from chronic respiratory diseases worldwide. Asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, occupational lung diseases, cystic fibrosis, etc. are the most common of these diseases and are noncurable with conventional and currently available therapies. Nanotechnology is emerging as a great therapeutic promise in different spheres including drug delivery systems and is becoming the technology of choice nowadays. The administration of drugs via inhalation helps in avoiding the first-pass metabolism by targeted delivery to the affected site. It has been observed that there is a huge diversity in nanotechnology being used in pulmonary diseases, and thus safety assessment is a challenging as well as important task. The present review focuses on some of the major emerging nanotechnologies for chronic pulmonary diseases and includes some of the latest studies in the field of nanomedicines