Interrogar la enseñanza de la Psicología desde la internacionalización curricular intercultural

El presente trabajo pretende dar a conocer el proyecto deinternacionalización curricular en el que participamos con la intención demostrarlo como herramienta potencial para la enseñanza de lapsicología. Se trata de una experiencia académica desarrollada en elnivel superior universitario de la que forman parte dos universidades deBrasil y una de Argentina y en la que intervienen cinco asignaturas depsicología de distintas carreras. Nos interesa exponer acerca de quiénesson sus participantes, las tareas que se llevan a cabo, los temas que sedesarrollan, así como plantear la utilización instrumental del estudio decasos como herramienta didáctica para la enseñanza de la psicología ymostrar algunos resultados, estos últimos especialmente se recuperan dela participación de los estudiantes como protagonistas. A partir de estaexperiencia, se intenta identificar las transformaciones posibles en losactores que participan, así como interrogarnos acerca de los contenidos ymetodologías con los que se trabaja en las asignaturas involucradas

Clinical prediction models to support the diagnosis of asthma in primary care: a systematic review protocol

Substantial over-diagnosis and under-diagnosis of asthma in adults and children has recently been reported. As asthma is mostly diagnosed in non-specialist settings, a clinical prediction model (CPM) to aid the diagnosis of asthma in primary care may help improve diagnostic accuracy. We aim to systematically identify, describe, compare, and synthesise existing CPMs designed to support the diagnosis of asthma in children and adults presenting with symptoms suggestive of the disease, in primary care settings or equivalent populations. We will systematically search Medline, Embase and CINAHL from 1 January 1990 to present. Any CPM derived for use in a primary care population will be included. Equivalent populations in countries without a developed primary care service will also be included. The probability of asthma diagnosis will be the primary outcome. We will include CPMs designed for use in clinical practice to aid the diagnostic decision making of a healthcare professional during the assessment of an individual with symptoms suggestive of asthma. We will include derivation studies, and external model validation studies. Two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts and full texts for eligibility and extract data from included papers. The CHARMS checklist (or PROBAST if available) will be used to assess risk of bias within each study. Results will be summarised by narrative synthesis with meta-analyses completed if possible. This systematic review will provide comprehensive information about existing CPMs for the diagnosis of asthma in primary care and will inform the development of a future diagnostic model.<br/

Overview of data-synthesis in systematic reviews of studies on outcome prediction models

Background: Many prognostic models have been developed. Different types of models, i.e. prognostic factor and outcome prediction studies, serve different purposes, which should be reflected in how the results are summarized in reviews. Therefore we set out to investigate how authors of reviews synthesize and report the results of primary outcome prediction studies. Methods: Outcome prediction reviews published in MEDLINE between October 2005 and March 2011 were eligible and 127 Systematic reviews with the aim to summarize outcome prediction studies written in English were identified for inclusion. Characteristics of the reviews and the primary studies that were included were independently assessed by 2 review authors, using standardized forms. Results: After consensus meetings a total of 50 systematic reviews that met the inclusion criteria were included. The type of primary studies included (prognostic factor or outcome prediction) was unclear in two-thirds of the reviews. A minority of the reviews reported univariable or multivariable point estimates and measures of dispersion from the primary studies. Moreover, the variables considered for outcome prediction model development were often not reported, or were unclear. In most reviews there was no information about model performance. Quantitative analysis was performed in 10 reviews, and 49 reviews assessed the primary studies qualitatively. In both analyses types a range of different methods was used to present the results of the outcome prediction studies. Conclusions: Different methods are applied to synthesize primary study results but quantitative analysis is rarely performed. The description of its objectives and of the primary studies is suboptimal and performance parameters of the outcome prediction models are rarely mentioned. The poor reporting and the wide variety of data synthesis strategies are prone to influence the conclusions of outcome prediction reviews. Therefore, there is much room for improvement in reviews of outcome prediction studies. (aut.ref.

Personalizing Cancer Pain Therapy: Insights from the Rational Use of Analgesics (RUA) Group

Introduction: A previous Delphi survey from the Rational Use of Analgesics (RUA) project involving Italian palliative care specialists revealed some discrepancies between current guidelines and clinical practice with a lack of consensus on items regarding the use of strong opioids in treating cancer pain. Those results represented the basis for a new Delphi study addressing a better approach to pain treatment in patients with cancer. Methods: The study consisted of a two-round multidisciplinary Delphi study. Specialists rated their agreement with a set of 17 statements using a 5-point Likert scale (0 = totally disagree and 4 = totally agree). Consensus on a statement was achieved if the median consensus score (MCS) (expressed as value at which at least 50% of participants agreed) was at least 4 and the interquartile range (IQR) was 3–4. Results: This survey included input from 186 palliative care specialists representing all Italian territory. Consensus was reached on seven statements. More than 70% of participants agreed with the use of low dose of strong opioids in moderate pain treatment and valued transdermal route as an effective option when the oral route is not available. There was strong consensus on the importance of knowing opioid pharmacokinetics for therapy personalization and on identifying immediate-release opioids as key for tailoring therapy to patients’ needs. Limited agreement was reached on items regarding breakthrough pain and the management of opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. Conclusion: These findings may assist clinicians in applying clinical evidence to routine care settings and call for a reappraisal of current pain treatment recommendations with the final aim of optimizing the clinical use of strong opioids in patients with cancer

Long Island History Journal

TABLE OF CONTENTS - EDITORIAL COMMENT - 145 / FEATURE ARTICLES: State of the Island - Anatomy of the Long Island Economy: Retrospective and Prospective by Lee E. Koppelman and Pearl M. Kamer - 146 / Long Island Country Houses and Their Architects: 1860-1940 by Robert B. MacKay - 168 / Long Island Triangulated: Nineteenth-Century Maps and Charts of the U.S. Coast Survey by David Yehling Allen - 191 / Bibles and Muskets: The Acculturation of East End Native Americans in the Eighteenth Century by John Charles Witek - 208 / Lewis Howard Latimer: The Career of a Black Inventor by James P. Johnson - 223 / Columbus and the Whitman Connection by Frank J. Cavaioli - 233 / The Fullertons and the Experimental Farms of the Long Island Railroad by Chet Chorzempa - 245 / The Role of the Community in Civil War Desertion by Judith Lee Hallock - 254 / REVIEWS: Richard F. Welch. An Island’s Trade: Nineteenth-Century Shipbuilding on Long Island by W.M.P. Dunne - 266 / Esther Newton. Cherry Grove, Fire Island. Sixty Years in America’s First Gay and Lesbian Town by Barbara Balliet - 268 / John H. Long, ed., Kathryn Ford Thome, comp. Atlas of Historical County Boundaries by David Yehling Allen - 272 / John Esten with Rose Bennett Gilbert, photographs by Susan Wood. Hampton Style: Houses, Gardens, Artists by Ellen R. Samuels - 273 / Salvatore J. LaGumina. New York at Mid-Century: The Impelliteri Years by Frank J. Cavaioli - 275 / Eleanor F. Ferguson, edited by Anne Nauman. My Long Island: Growing up on Hal B. Fullerton’s Blessed Isle, 1902-1942 by Ron Ziel - 277 / Elly Shodell. Cross Currents: Baymen, Yachtsmen and Long Island Waters, 1830s-1990s by W.M.P. Dunne - 278 / Janet Perin and Charles F. Howlett. A Walk Through History: A Community Named Amityville by William Ingui - 279 / EXHIBITION REVIEW: Nineteenth-Century Long Island Lithographs: A Mirror of the Middle Class by Elaine Cohos - 281 / BOOK NOTES - 283 / COMMUNICATIONS - 284SUNY Digital Repository (DSpace): Stony Brook University - Campus Newspapers and Journal

Glomerular disease search filters for Pubmed, Ovid Medline, and Embase: a development and validation study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tools to enhance physician searches of Medline and other bibliographic databases have potential to improve the application of new knowledge in patient care. This is particularly true for articles about glomerular disease, which are published across multiple disciplines and are often difficult to track down. Our objective was to develop and test search filters for PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Embase that allow physicians to search within a subset of the database to retrieve articles relevant to glomerular disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used a diagnostic test assessment framework with development and validation phases. We read a total of 22,992 full text articles for relevance and assigned them to the development or validation set to define the reference standard. We then used combinations of search terms to develop 997,298 unique glomerular disease filters. Outcome measures for each filter included sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy. We selected optimal sensitive and specific search filters for each database and applied them to the validation set to test performance.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>High performance filters achieved at least 93.8% sensitivity and specificity in the development set. Filters optimized for sensitivity reached at least 96.7% sensitivity and filters optimized for specificity reached at least 98.4% specificity. Performance of these filters was consistent in the validation set and similar among all three databases.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Embase can be filtered for articles relevant to glomerular disease in a reliable manner. These filters can now be used to facilitate physician searching.</p