Temporal Graphs Anomaly Emergence Detection: Benchmarking For Social Media Interactions

Temporal graphs have become an essential tool for analyzing complex dynamic systems with multiple agents. Detecting anomalies in temporal graphs is crucial for various applications, including identifying emerging trends, monitoring network security, understanding social dynamics, tracking disease outbreaks, and understanding financial dynamics. In this paper, we present a comprehensive benchmarking study that compares 12 data-driven methods for anomaly detection in temporal graphs. We conduct experiments on two temporal graphs extracted from Twitter and Facebook, aiming to identify anomalies in group interactions. Surprisingly, our study reveals an unclear pattern regarding the best method for such tasks, highlighting the complexity and challenges involved in anomaly emergence detection in large and dynamic systems. The results underscore the need for further research and innovative approaches to effectively detect emerging anomalies in dynamic systems represented as temporal graphs

Aag-initiated base excision repair promotes ischemia reperfusion injury in liver, brain, and kidney

Inflammation is accompanied by the release of highly reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) that damage DNA, among other cellular molecules. Base excision repair (BER) is initiated by DNA glycosylases and is crucial in repairing RONS-induced DNA damage; the alkyladenine DNA glycosylase (Aag/Mpg) excises several DNA base lesions induced by the inflammation-associated RONS release that accompanies ischemia reperfusion (I/R). Using mouse I/R models we demonstrate that Aag[superscript −/−] mice are significantly protected against, rather than sensitized to, I/R injury, and that such protection is observed across three different organs. Following I/R in liver, kidney, and brain, Aag[superscript −/−] mice display decreased hepatocyte death, cerebral infarction, and renal injury relative to wild-type. We infer that in wild-type mice, Aag excises damaged DNA bases to generate potentially toxic abasic sites that in turn generate highly toxic DNA strand breaks that trigger poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (Parp) hyperactivation, cellular bioenergetics failure, and necrosis; indeed, steady-state levels of abasic sites and nuclear PAR polymers were significantly more elevated in wild-type vs. Aag[superscript −/−] liver after I/R. This increase in PAR polymers was accompanied by depletion of intracellular NAD and ATP levels plus the translocation and extracellular release of the high-mobility group box 1 (Hmgb1) nuclear protein, activating the sterile inflammatory response. We thus demonstrate the detrimental effects of Aag-initiated BER during I/R and sterile inflammation, and present a novel target for controlling I/R-induced injury.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R01-CA055042)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R01-CA149261)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant P30-ES02109)Ellison Medical Foundatio

Signaling Mechanisms and Survival of Service Providers in an Electronic Market

This research studies the survival of software implementation service providers in an electronic market (or e-market), and the role that vendor characteristics such as reputation, education, experience, ‘preferred provider’ status, and references play in predicting which service providers will exit the e-market after it (the e-market) implements trust enhancing mechanisms. Using theories from asymmetric information, signaling, and trust literatures, we propose a model to examine the relation between firm characteristics and survival. Our empirical results support the key role played by these signals in inducing the separating equilibrium that leads to the shakeout among software service providers in an e-market

Target Ambiguity and Ratchet Effect

Prior literature documents that the subordinate has an incentive to reduce the effort level when current performance affects future target performance, which is known as the ratchet effect. The ratchet literature, however, assumes that the superior can discern the true (desired) level of target performance in the short run, and it does not explicitly explain how the ratchet effect varies along the process of identifying the true target performance. This study analytically investigates the impact of target ambiguity on the magnitude of the ratchet effect. The analysis shows stronger ratchet effect when the superior possesses limited prior knowledge about the indubitable target performance. With higher ambiguity that the superior faces in setting target performance, the superior must depend largely on the subordinates actual performance. As a consequence, the subordinate becomes more reluctant to exert effort for the best level of current performance because it will influence the future standard to be substantially tough. It also shows that the subordinates effort reduction following a highly ambiguous performance target can be alleviated when the subordinate actively participates in the target setting process and when performance measures are adequately noisy.This study was supported by the Institute of Management Research at Seoul National University

Decoding the Transcriptome of Rice Seed During Development

Rice seed development is a continuous process wherein it undergoes complex molecular and tissue reprogramming. It is a collective effect of embryo and endosperm development, each of which undertakes its own developmental paths, with endosperm development significantly affecting embryo. Understanding the mechanistics of the regulatory networks administrating this process is the building block for any future research on grain yield and quality. High-throughput transcript profiling and small RNA profiling studies have proved useful in providing information about the molecular changes occurring in various tissues associated with seed development. Transcriptome sequencing studies have highlighted the significant genes and pathways that are operating during seed development. The involvement of TFs and hormones has also been implicated in regulating key aspects of seed development, including embryo patterning and seed maturation. This chapter will review the information provided by high-throughput sequencing studies on various aspects of rice seed development, highlighting the developmental complexities of embryo and endosperm

Homossexuais femininas: a luta pela conquista de direitos e a contrução da identidade de gênero

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio Econômico, Curso de Serviço Social.O terna deste Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso compreende as homossexuais femininas e os dilemas sociais enfrentados pelas mesmas, quando da decisão de assumir sua orientação sexual. Apesar das conquistas já alcançadas pela comunidade homossexual, as homossexuais femininas ainda sofrem com o preconceito e a discriminação, que é mais intenso no caso delas pelo fato de, além de serem homossexuais, também são mulheres, enfrentando, portanto, uma dupla recusa social. Por apresentarem diferenças de gênero em relação aos homossexuais masculinos, o lesbianismo, ao longo da história, foi freqüentemente ignorado pelas legislações. O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em analisar a construção da identidade de gênero, a partir das falas de homossexuais femininas, residentes em Florianópolis. Justifica-se o estudo com base no ineditismo desta pesquisa, uma vez que as especificidades da homossexualidade feminina poucas vezes tornam-se objeto de estudo. A metodologia adotada é a pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa, que contou com uma etapa inicial de pesquisa bibliográfica, por meio da qual se pretendeu obter as informações necessárias para fundamentar a realização da segunda etapa da pesquisa, qual seja, a pesquisa de campo. Nessa segunda etapa deu-se a coleta de dados com aplicação de questionário e análise das respostas obtidas junto aos cinco sujeitos investigados. Por intermédio da realização deste estudo podese perceber as dificuldades enfrentadas no dia-a-dia pelas homossexuais, em seus grupos familiares, ambiente de trabalho e sociedade em geral. Evidenciou-se também a importância das diferentes formas de organização social na busca pela concretização de direitos e a forma como o Assistente Social pode interferir na questão social da homossexualidad