Infecção natural pelo Trypanosoma cruzi em cães de áreas endêmicas da República Argentina

The population dynamics and the prevalence of chagasic infection of 352 dogs living in 108 rural houses infested by triatomines were studied. The region was divided into three sections according to increasing distances to an urban area. Each animal was identified by means of its particular characteristics and built, and its owners gave information about its habits. By means of xenodiagnosis, serology and ECG studies, prevalences of infection, parasitological-serological correlation, percentage of altered electrocardiographic outlines and percentage of houses with parasitemic dogs, were determined. The rural area showed a characteristic T. cruzi infection pattern and differences in the canine population parameters with respect to the other areas were observed: a higher proportion of puppies than adult dogs, a more sedentary population, higher prevalences of infection, as measured by xenodiagnosis, in dogs, and the highest proportion of bedroom insects infected with T. cruzi. It is assumed that the sedentary characteristics of the human population in that rural area impinge in the blood offer to the triatomine population, and the high percentage of parasitemic dogs of the area, contribute to the rise of "kissing ougs" infected with T. cruzi found in bedrooms.Estudou-se a dinâmica populacional e a prevalência de infecção chagásica de 352 cães vivendo em 108 moradias rurais infestadas por triato-míneos. A área foi dividida em três setores de acordo com suas crescentes distâncias em relação a um povoado urbano. Cada animal foi identificado mediante suas características particulares, e seus donos deram informações a respeito de seus hábitos. As prevalências de infecção foram determinadas por sorologia, correlação parasitológica-sorológica, percentual de traçados eletrocardiográficos alterados e o percentual de moradias com cães parasitados. A área rural mostrou um padrão característico de infecção por T. cruzi e observaram-se diferenças nos parâmetros de população canina em relação às restantes áreas: maior proporção de filhotes, maior população humana e canina sedentárias, maiores prevalências de infecção por xenodiagnóstico em cães e maior proporção de barbeiros infectados com T. cruzi nos cômodos da casa. Supõe-se que as características sedentárias da população humana desta área rural é fundamental para a oferta de sangue para as populações triatomíneas, e a elevada porcentagem de cães parasitêmicos dessa área contribui para o aumento de barbeiros infectados com T. cruzi encontrados nos quartos de dormir

Natural Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs of endemic areas of the Argentine Republic

The population dynamics and the prevalence of chagasic infection of 352 dogs living in 108 rural houses infested by triatomines were studied. The region was divided into three sections according to increasing distances to an urban area. Each animal was identified by means of its particular characteristics and built, and its owners gave information about its habits. By means of xenodiagnosis, serology and ECG studies, prevalences of infection, parasitological-serological correlation, percentage of altered electrocardiographic outlines and percentage of houses with parasitemic dogs, were determined. The rural area showed a characteristic T. cruzi infection pattern and differences in the canine population parameters with respect to the other areas were observed: a higher proportion of puppies than adult dogs, a more sedentary population, higher prevalences of infection, as measured by xenodiagnosis, in dogs, and the highest proportion of bedroom insects infected with T. cruzi. It is assumed that the sedentary characteristics of the human population in that rural area impinge in the blood offer to the triatomine population, and the high percentage of parasitemic dogs of the area, contribute to the rise of "kissing ougs" infected with T. cruzi found in bedrooms

Detector de vinchucas Santa Fe : un diseño de alta sensibilidad y bajo costo

En Argentina, Wisnivesky et al. desarrollaron el detector de vinchucas llamado sensor "María"(SM), el cual fue utilizado, en fase de vigilancia, por agentes sanitarios. En 1987, se utilizó el SM y la estrategia propuesta en la Provincia de Santa Fe, observándose muy buenos resultados. Debido al deterioro de la estructura de Atención Primaria de la Salud sufrida en dicha Provincia, en 1991 se ensayó el uso de los SM por parte de los propios pobladores, encontrándose algunas dificultades atribuibles al sensor. Para tratar de subsanarlas, se diseño un nuevo modelo: el detector Santa Fe (DSF). El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar la sensibilidad y el costo de ambos modelos. Se selecionaron 63 viviendas de Vila Minetti (9 de Julio, Santa Fe), y se emplearon 86 elementos de cada modelo, colocándose uno de cada uno por dormitorio, ambos en la cabecera de la misma cama: a 150 cm del piso y con una separación de 30 cm. Las evaluaciones detectaron 22 viviendas positivas; 7 de ellas lo fueron para ambos modelos simultáneamente. Las 15 restantes fueron detectadas en forma exclusiva por alguno de los dos modelos: 1 lo fue por el SM y 14 por el DSF. La sensibilidad del DSF fue del 95 por ciento y la del SM del 36 por ciento. El costo por unidad del DSF fue de $1,00 mientras que el del SM fue de$ 3,00. Se conluye que el DSF es marcadamente más sensible y más barato que el SM.Fil: Candioti, Carlos. Programa Nacional de Chagas de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Paulone, Irene. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Dr. Emilio Coni; Argentina

Detector de vinchucas Santa Fe : un diseño de alta sensibilidad y bajo costo

En Argentina, Wisnivesky et al. desarrollaron el detector de vinchucas llamado sensor "María"(SM), el cual fue utilizado, en fase de vigilancia, por agentes sanitarios. En 1987, se utilizó el SM y la estrategia propuesta en la Provincia de Santa Fe, observándose muy buenos resultados. Debido al deterioro de la estructura de Atención Primaria de la Salud sufrida en dicha Provincia, en 1991 se ensayó el uso de los SM por parte de los propios pobladores, encontrándose algunas dificultades atribuibles al sensor. Para tratar de subsanarlas, se diseño un nuevo modelo: el detector Santa Fe (DSF). El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar la sensibilidad y el costo de ambos modelos. Se selecionaron 63 viviendas de Vila Minetti (9 de Julio, Santa Fe), y se emplearon 86 elementos de cada modelo, colocándose uno de cada uno por dormitorio, ambos en la cabecera de la misma cama: a 150 cm del piso y con una separación de 30 cm. Las evaluaciones detectaron 22 viviendas positivas; 7 de ellas lo fueron para ambos modelos simultáneamente. Las 15 restantes fueron detectadas en forma exclusiva por alguno de los dos modelos: 1 lo fue por el SM y 14 por el DSF. La sensibilidad del DSF fue del 95 por ciento y la del SM del 36 por ciento. El costo por unidad del DSF fue de $1,00 mientras que el del SM fue de$ 3,00. Se conluye que el DSF es marcadamente más sensible y más barato que el SM.Fil: Candioti, Carlos. Programa Nacional de Chagas de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Paulone, Irene. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Dr. Emilio Coni; Argentina

Predictores del hábito de fumar en adolescentes escolares de santa Fé, Argentina

Fil: Paulone, Irene. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias; Argentina.Fil: Candioti, Carlos. Ministerio de Salud y Medio Ambiente, Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Casablanca, Ruth. Ministerio de Salud y Medio Ambiente, Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Vacchino, Marta. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Epidemiología; Argentina

Predictores del hábito de fumar en adolescentes escolares de santa Fé, Argentina

Fil: Paulone, Irene. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias; Argentina.Fil: Candioti, Carlos. Ministerio de Salud y Medio Ambiente, Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Casablanca, Ruth. Ministerio de Salud y Medio Ambiente, Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Vacchino, Marta. ANLIS Dr.C.G.Malbrán. Instituto Nacional de Epidemiología; Argentina

Natural Trypanosoma cruzi infection in dogs of endemic areas of the Argentine Republic

The population dynamics and the prevalence of chagasic infection of 352 dogs living in 108 rural houses infested by triatomines were studied. The region was divided into three sections according to increasing distances to an urban area. Each animal was identified by means of its particular characteristics and built, and its owners gave information about its habits. By means of xenodiagnosis, serology and ECG studies, prevalences of infection, parasitological-serological correlation, percentage of altered electrocardiographic outlines and percentage of houses with parasitemic dogs, were determined. The rural area showed a characteristic T. cruzi infection pattern and differences in the canine population parameters with respect to the other areas were observed: a higher proportion of puppies than adult dogs, a more sedentary population, higher prevalences of infection, as measured by xenodiagnosis, in dogs, and the highest proportion of bedroom insects infected with T. cruzi. It is assumed that the sedentary characteristics of the human population in that rural area impinge in the blood offer to the triatomine population, and the high percentage of parasitemic dogs of the area, contribute to the rise of "kissing ougs" infected with T. cruzi found in bedrooms

Usefulness of serology for the evaluation of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in endemic areas of Chagas' disease

Thirteen communities from 7 Argentinian provinces were selected for the evaluation of serology as an indicator of transmission of Chagas disease. Of the communities appraised, 6 did not have a history of previous treatment with insecticides and 7 had received sporadic or continuous insecticide treatment. The inhabitants of 20% of the houses of each locality were studied by serology. The samples were obtained byfinger pricking and 50 fil of blood were mixed with 150μl of 50% glycerine solution in tissue culture media to be assayed by Indirect Hemagglutination and Indirect Immunofluorescence tests. In untreated areas, the prevalence of infection in infants 0-4 years old was 17.5%, reaching to over 22% for the 5-9 year old group, and to 33.3% in 10-14 year old individuals. The prevalence in treated and surveyed areas was 2.6% in 0-4 year old children, 5.4% in 5-9 year old and 6,2% in 10-14 year old youngsters. The differences between both areas were statistically significant (p < 0.005). This study favors serology as a valid indicator for the evaluation of transmission of Chagas disease in rural areas