Orbital extravehicular mockup design

Principal design features of extravehicular work platfor

Study of extravehicular protection and operations

Extravehicular protection and operation

“Prevalencia de malformaciones congénitas gastrointestinales en el Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini Sáenz durante el periodo de 2010 a 2015”

I. RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: Las malformaciones congénitas suelen ser causadas por alteraciones en el desarrollo morfológico, estructural, funcional o molecular del embrión, generando repercusiones tanto estéticas como funcionales con alteraciones transitorias o permanentes, e incluso la muerte. Se consideran según la OMS un problema de salud pública y junto con las afecciones asociadas son una de las causas de muerte importantes en niños. En el Estado de México en 2013 se registraron un total de 74,566 muertes, de las cuales 4476 corresponden a menores de un año; siendo las malformaciones congénitas, deformidades y anomalías la segunda causa de muerte con un total de 1047.(5) En el periodo 2009 - 2010 la tasa de prevalencia nacional para malformaciones congénitas fue de 73.9 por cada 10,000 nacimientos y de 58.3 para el Estado de México. (6) OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia de malformaciones gastrointestinales en recién nacidos vivos del Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini Sáenz en el periodo comprendido de 2010 a 2015 MATERIALES Y MÉTODO: Se diseñó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal en una serie de casos, por un periodo de 6 años en los que se observaron el número de malformaciones congénitas gastrointestinales en los recién nacidos del Hospital Materno Perinatal Mónica Pretelini Sáenz RESULTADOS: Se registraron un total de 45,286 nacimientos de los cuales 94 pacientes presentaron malformación gastrointestinal, con una prevalencia de 0.2% y una tasa de 20.8 por cada 10,000 nacidos vivos. Se encontró al sexo masculino como el más afectado (59.6%), relación hombre mujer de 1.47:1. La edad gestacional media fue de 38 semanas de gestación al momento del nacimiento y la media para edad materna de 23.2 años. El 36.1% (n=34) de los pacientes con malformación gastrointestinal presentó al menos una malformación asociada, la más frecuente fue la cardiopatía congénita. CONCLUSIONES: Las malformaciones congénitas constituyen un problema de salud pública por las altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. Deben ser objeto de vigilancia médica y epidemiológica para que, mediante programas específicos contribuyan a una mejor calidad de vida de los niños afectados. Es necesario realizar el cribado prenatal en cualquier mujer embarazada para lograr diagnóstico temprano y referir a una Unidad Especializada ya que requieren de tratamiento multidisciplinario

Women’s Contributions to Living Fully in a Tseltal Indigenous Information System

We discuss the role of women in endogenous community development among the Tseltal indigenous communities in Chiapas, Mexico. This is part of a Tseltal integrated information system that ties community radio, library, and evaluation system to support community development activities that promote the notion of living fully, or in Tseltal language, “Lekil Cuxlejalil.” We identify key themes based on the testimonies of women working in Tseltal community development and discuss how they support the integrated information systems

Developing a Method of Recommending E-Learning Courses Based on Students’ Learning Preferences

In designing e-learning, it is desirable that individual learner’s learning style is considered. This study proposes a way to present the information about the expected adaptability of the course, in which a student wishes to enroll, based on the student’s responses to the learning preference questionnaire administered at the beginning of the course. As the result of applying the real data to the model derived, it was confirmed that it would be possible to estimate the course adaptability before taking the course and to provide the information for the student to improve his/her course adaptability based on the student’s responses to the learning preference questionnaire.15th International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems (KES 2011), September 12-14, 2011, Kaiserslautern, German

The Proposal of the System That Recommends e-Learning Courses Matching the Learning Styles of the Learners

In providing e-learning, it is desirable to build an environment that is suitable to the student’s learning style. In this study, using the questionnaire to measure the student’s preferences for asynchronous learning and the use of ICT in learning that has been develoed by authors, the relationship between the learning preferences of a student that have been measured before and after the course and his or her adaptability to the course is explored. The result of multiple regression analyses, excluding the changes in learning preferences that may occur duirng the course, shows that a student’s learning adaptability can be estimated to some extent based on his/her learning preference measured before the course starts. Based on this result, we propose a system to recommend e-learning courses that are suitable to a student before the student takes the courses

Two dimensional modulational instability in photorefractive media

We study theoretically and experimentally the modulational instability of broad optical beams in photorefractive nonlinear media. We demonstrate the impact of the anisotropy of the nonlinearity on the growth rate of periodic perturbations. Our findings are confirmed by experimental measurements in a strontium barium niobate photorefractive crystal.Comment: 8 figure

Effects of Propofol on Left Ventricular Mechanoenergetics in the Excised Cross-circulated Canine Heart

Although propofol is commonly used for general anesthesia, its direct effects on left ventricular (LV) contractility and energetics remain unknown. Accordingly, we studied the effects of intracoronary propofol on excised cross-circulated canine hearts using the framework of the Emax (a contractility index)-PVA (systolic pressure-volume area, a measure of total mechanical energy)-Vo2 (myocardial oxygen consumption per beat) relationship. We obtained 1) the Vo2-PVA relationship of isovolumic contractions with varied LV volumes at a constant Emax, 2) the Vo2-PVA relationship with varied LV volumes at a constant intracoronary concentration of propofol, and 3) the Vo2-PVA relationship under increased intracoronary concentrations of either propofol or CaCl2 at a constant LV volume to assess the cardiac mechanoenergetic effects of propofol. We found that propofol decreased Emax dose-dependently. The slope of the linear Vo2-PVA relationship (oxygen cost of PVA) remained unchanged by propofol. The PVA-independent Vo2-Emax relationship (oxygen cost of Emax) was the same for propofol and Ca2＋. In conclusion, propofol showed a direct negative inotropic effect on LV. At its clinical concentrations, decreases in contractility by propofol were relatively small. Propofol shows mechanoenergetic effects on the LV that are similar to those of Ca2＋ blockers or ß-antagonists—i.e., it exerts negative inotropic effects without changing the oxygen costs of Emax and PVA

Challenges of Translating Conversational Implicatures from English to Kiswahili using Computer Assisted Tools: A Case of \u27Google Translate\u27

In this study, we investigated challenges faced by computer assisted translation software with special focus on Google Translate, in translating conversational implicatures from English to Kiswahili. The data for this study were sourced from William Shakespeare\u27s play, “The Tragedy of Othello the Moor of Venice” which has been translated to Kiswahili as “Othello, Tanzia ya Mtu Mweusi.” The data was informed by Grice’s (1975) conversational implicature theory, and the relevance-theoretic translation approach as postulated by Gutt (1991). To evaluate the quality of Google Translate computer assisted translation system, we made a comparison of the computer translated output with the human translated text to ascertain to what extent the meaning of the conversational implicatures in the source language is preserved in the target text. We further examined challenges encountered by Google Translate in the process of translating conversational implicatures and suggested what could be done to improve Google Translate method to ensure accuracy in translating conversational implicatures. The results indicate that, there is inferior translation quality of the target text with ambiguous words and sentences. Also, it was observed that it is challenging to translate conversational implicatures using Google Translate because it has not been programmed to process aspects of source culture or adapt to the aspects of target culture thus cannot correctly translate conversational implicatures. Besides that, other challenges posed range from lexical, syntactic, and semantic to pragmatic mismatch