Organizational Information Security: The Impact of Employee Attitudes and Social Media Use

Social media has infiltrated organizations through employees bringing these popular tools from their personal lives into the workplace. Organizations have begun to realize that social media applications can be used for more than just connecting individuals. The purpose of this research-in-progress is to investigate the use of social media by employees in both their personal lives and their roles in the workplace. In this pilot study, the use of social media is examined to determine how it is related to an employee’s perceptions and attitudes towards organizational information security policies. This pilot study was conducted at small, medium or large organizations in France. There were 46 usable responses. The preliminary findings confirm that an employee’s personal use of social media services is related to an employee’s use of social media services at work as well as it shows that there is a lack of awareness of security risks associated with the use of social media

Social Media Use and Employee Attitudes Towards Information Security.

Social media has permeated the boundaries of organizations by employees bringing these popular tools from their personal lives into the workplace. Social media services promote openness and information sharing, which may or may not be consistent with an organization\u27s culture, polices and practices. We posit that the practices of social media use and the desired culture of information security in organizations are not compatible. This study will examine the use of social media by employees in both their personal lives and their roles in the workplace. This use of social media will then be examined to determine what effect it has on an employee\u27s perceptions and attitudes towards organizational information security policies

Violences sexuelles en milieu universitaire au Québec : rapport de recherche de l’enquête ESSIMU

Cette recherche, intitulée « Enquête Sexualité, Sécurité et Interactions en Milieu Universitaire(ESSIMU) : Ce qu’en disent étudiant.es, enseignant.es et employé.es », a permis d’établir un portrait des violences sexuelles se déroulant en contexte universitaire au Québec. Cette enquête d’envergure provinciale regroupe 12 chercheures provenant des 6 universités suivantes : Université du Québec à Montréal, Université de Montréal, Université Laval, Université de Sherbrooke, Université du Québec en Outaouais et Université du Québec à Chicoutimi. L’équipe interdisciplinaire et interuniversitaire compte également le Regroupement québécois des centres d’aide et de lutte contre les agressions à caractère sexuel et le Service aux collectivités de l’UQAM. Afin de documenter les situations de violence sexuelle vécues en milieu universitaire (VSMU), l’équipe ESSIMU a réalisé en 2016 une vaste étude auprès de 9 284 répondant.es dans 6 universités québécoises francophones. Le questionnaire, administré en ligne, a permis de rendre compte d’un large éventail de manifestations de violence sexuelle vécues par l’ensemble de la communauté universitaire (étudiant ou travaillant à l’université). La mesure de victimisation distinguait le harcèlement sexuel (comportements verbaux et non verbaux qui traduisent des attitudes insultantes, hostiles et dégradantes), les comportements sexuels non désirés (comportements verbaux et non verbaux à caractère sexuel, offensants, non désirés ou non réciproques, incluant la tentative de viol et l’agression sexuelle) et la coercition sexuelle (chantage en retour de récompenses)

Association between disruption of CD4 receptor dimerization and increased human immunodeficiency virus type 1 entry

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters target cells by a membrane fusion process that involves a series of sequential interactions between its envelope glycoproteins, the CD4 receptor and CXCR4/CCR5 coreceptors. CD4 molecules are expressed at the cell surface of lymphocytes and monocytes mainly as monomers, but basal levels of CD4 dimers are also present at the cell surface of these cells. Previous evidence indicates that the membrane distal and proximal extracellular domains of CD4, respectively D1 and D4, are involved in receptor dimerization. RESULTS: Here, we have used A201 cell lines expressing two CD4 mutants, CD4-E91K, E92K (D1 mutant) and CD4-Q344E (D4 mutant), harboring dimerization defects to analyze the role of CD4 dimerization in HIV-1 entry. Using entry assays based on β-lactamase-Vpr or luciferase reporter activities, as well as virus encoding envelope glycoproteins derived from primary or laboratory-adapted strains, we obtained evidence suggesting an association between disruption of CD4 dimerization and increased viral entry efficiency. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results suggest that monomeric forms of CD4 are preferentially used by HIV-1 to gain entry into target cells, thus implying that the dimer/monomer ratio at the cell surface of HIV-1 target cells may modulate the efficiency of HIV-1 entry

Childhood Sexual Abuse, Intellectual Disability, and Subsequent Physical and Mental Health Disorders: A Matched Cohort Study

This study assesses whether children with intellectual disabilities (ID) are more at risk of sexual abuse and whether they have similar consultation rates for physical and mental health disorders than children without ID. The matched-cohort design study uses administrative databases of children who had a sexual abuse report corroborated by a child protection agency and a matched group from the general population. Children with ID were 3.5 times more likely to have a corroborated sexual abuse report when compared to their peers without ID and a higher postabuse number of medical consultations for physical and mental health disorders. Children with ID are more at risk of sexual abuse and physical and mental health disorders and may also be more vulnerable to the effects of abuse

Posterior cortical atrophy : impact on daily living activities and exploration of a cognitive rehabilitation approach

Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting the posterior region of the brain. Little is known about both the impact of PCA on functioning and how to support patients on a daily basis. The purpose of this study was to describe the functional profile of DD, a woman diagnosed with PCA, as well as to explore a pilot cognitive rehabilitation program designed to optimize functioning in daily living. The ADL Profile was used to assess the daily tasks that DD chose to undertake. Four operations, i.e. formulate a goal, plan, carry out and verify goal attainment, were scored for each task. Difficulties were observed during the execution of all tasks, as she struggled to find items or showed unsafe behaviors. Impairments were also seen in formulating a goal and planning, especially for less routine tasks. DD identified two tasks to be addressed in rehabilitation: setting the table and dealing cards. Learning was optimized using errorless learning and compensatory aids when setting the table, while dealing cards received no intervention. Only setting the table improved significantly with time. Further studies should be conducted to portray a wider functional profile of people living with PCA and develop effective rehabilitation programs

Contrasted geomorphological and limnological properties of thermokarst lakes formed in buried glacier ice and ice-wedge polygon terrain.

In formerly glaciated permafrost regions, extensive areas are still underlain by a considerable amount of glacier ice buried by glacigenic sediments. It is expected that large parts of glacier ice buried in the permafrost will melt in the near future, although the intensity and timing will depend on local terrain conditions and the magnitude and rate of future climate trends in different Arctic regions. The impact of these ice bodies on landscape evolution remains uncertain since the extent and volume of undisturbed relict glacier ice are unknown. These remnants of glacier ice buried and preserved in the permafrost contribute to the high spatial variability in ground ice condition of these landscapes, leading to the formation of lakes with diverse origins and morphometric and limnological properties. This study focuses on thermokarst lake initiation and development in response to varying ground ice conditions in a glacial valley on Bylot Island (Nunavut). We studied a lake-rich area using lake sediment cores, detailed bathymetric data, remotely sensed data and observations of buried glacier ice exposures. Our results suggest that initiation of thermokarst lakes in the valley was triggered from the melting of either buried glacier ice or intrasedimental ice and ice wedges. Over time, all lakes enlarged through thermal and mechanical shoreline erosion, as well as vertically through thaw consolidation and subsidence. Some of them coalesced with neighbouring water bodies to develop larger lakes. These glacial thermokarst lakes formed in buried glacier ice now evolve as “classic” thermokarst lakes that expand in area and volume as a result of the melting of intrasedimental ground ice in the surrounding material and the underlying glaciofluvial and till material. It is expected that the deepening of thaw bulbs (taliks) and the enlargement of Arctic lakes in response to global warming will reach undisturbed buried glacier ice where it is still present, which in turn will substantially alter lake bathymetry, geochemistry and greenhouse gas emissions from Arctic lowlands

The role of parenting stress in anxiety and sleep outcomes in toddlers with congenital heart disease

ObjectivesThis retrospective cohort study investigates how parenting stress, measured at 4 months of age by use of a classic three-dimensional parent-reported scale (Parenting Stress Index, 4th Ed. or PSI-4), can predict anxiety symptoms and quality of sleep at 24 months in toddlers with congenital heart disease (CHD).Study DesignSixty-six toddlers with CHD followed at our cardiac neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic were included in this study. As part of their systematic developmental assessment program, parents completed questionnaires on their stress level (PSI-4) when their child was 4 months old, and on their child's anxiety symptoms and quality of sleep at 24 months. Eight multiple linear regression models were built on the two measures collected at 24 months using the PSI-4 scores collected at 4 months. For each measure, four models were built from the PSI-4 total score and its three subscales (Parental Distress, Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction, Difficult Child), controlling for sex and socioeconomic status.ResultsThe PSI-4 Difficult Child subscale, which focuses on parenting anxiety related to the child's behavioral problems and poor psychosocial adjustment, accounted for 17% of the child's anxiety symptoms at 24 months. The two other PSI-4 subscales (Parental Distress and Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction) and the PSI-4 total score did not contribute significantly to the models. None of the four regression models on perceived quality of sleep were significant. It is important to note that 33% of parents responded defensively to the PSI-4.ConclusionsParenting stress related to the child's behavioral problems and poor psychosocial adjustment, measured when the child is 4 months old, is associated with the child's ulterior anxiety symptoms. As very few standardized tools are available to assess the behavioral and psychoaffective development of infants, this study highlights the importance of early psychosocial screening in parents of infants with CHD. The high rate of significant Defensive Responding Indices reminds us to not take parent reports at face value, as their actual stress levels might be higher