Therapeutic potential of vitamin B6 in preventing hematological, biochemical, and histopathological alterations in mercury-exposed rabbits

This study aims to examine the potential protective role of vitamin B6 against mercury-induced damage in the kidneys and thymus. A total of a twenty-four male rabbits were evenly divided into four groups: the control group, the Hg group (0.5 g HgCl2/kg body weight), the VitB6 group (5 ppm by gavage), and the Hg + VitB6 group (0.5 g HgCl2/kg body weight + 5 ppm VitB6 by gavage)  HgCl2 was included into the standard diet on a daily basis. The results indicated that exposure to HgCl2 for thirty days resulted in an elevation of white blood cell counts, along with significant decreases in platelet, erythrocyte, haematocrit, and haemoglobin levels. Moreover, plasma levels of urea and creatinine were increased in the HgCl2 group relative to the control group. An observable elevation in kidney malondialdehyde levels was noted, associated with a reduction in reduced glutathione levels and diminished activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the HgCl2 groups. The gavage by vitamin B6, whether administered alone or combined with HgCl2, enhanced all assessed parameters. Histological evaluations of the kidneys and thymus demonstrated substantial tissue modifications in the HgCl2 group, characterised by severe glomerular atrophy, tubular necrosis, dilatation of Bowman’s capsule, thymic cortex atrophy, and lymphocyte depletion. However, rabbits administered HgCl2 and vitamin B6 had a restored histological architecture in these organs. Hgcl2 produces oxidative stress and modified biochemical markers, combined with the histological profiles of the thymus and kidneys. Nonetheless, the use of vitamin B6 has alleviated this toxicity

THE USE OF NATURAL ADMINISTRATION TECHNIQUE AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO OROGASTRIC GAVAGE PREVENTS UNDESIRABLE CHANGES IN THE RESULTS OF ACTH PLASMA AND ANTIBODIES DUE TO STRESS IN RATS

Orogastric gavage is a common laboratory method in toxicology and pharmacokinetic studies, where it is commonly used for daily dosing of rats, mice, rabbits, and monkeys. This work performed on Wistar rats showed that the repeated use of this technique, unlike the natural administration directly from the syringe to be treated with a dose of 1 ml/kg of the placebo (NaCl 0 9%), triggers in rats undesirable stress for the success of the experiment expressed by a significant increase in ACTH levels that cause immuno suppression of detected antibodies

Laboratory environment and bio-medical experience: the impact of administration technique on the quality of immune-behavior data results in stress experience

Introduction: Often in an experiment, the control group and the intact group are not identified because most scientists neglect the fact that the sets of manipulation as technical administrations may be considered as an undesirable stress on the clarity of the data obtained from a scientific research specifically if it focuses on studying the effects of stress. Methods: This study was conducted in two parts using 40 male Wistar rats. The first part aimed to treat a group of rats by repeated injections i.p route (1 mL/kg) of placebo or NaCl (0.9%) and the other by direct oral administration of NaCl (0.9%). Both groups spent 1 h of jet air stress with stressed group. Our objective was to consider the effects that these manipulations would have on the validity of behavioral results (the elevated plus maze test, the open field, the light/dark box test) and immune data (immune cell count) during this stress experience. The second part was devoted to the measurement of ACTH, IL6, and CRP in these experimental groups. Results: Unlike oral administration, repeated intra-peritoneal injections cause a significant increase of plasma obtained levels of the adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the C-reactive protein (CRP) using injections of placebo: NaCl 0.9% (1 mL/kg) and it may have side effect on significant immune and behavioral alterations data quality induced by 1 h of air jet in the animal’s cage identified by the leukocyte formula and behavioral tests. Conclusion: In an experimental protocol conducted on animal models, it is essential to opt for painless techniques such as oral administration instead of painful injections to avoid confusion at the behavioral and immunological results from biomedical experiments specifically one that focuses on the stress study

Stress as an immunomodulator: liver X receptors maybe the answer.

International audienceStress is a reflex response, both psychological and physiological, of the body to a difficult situation that requires adaptation. Stress is at the intersection of the objective event and the subjective event. The physiological mechanisms involved in chronic stress are numerous and can contribute to a wide variety of disorders, in all systems including the immune system. Stress modifies the Th1/Th2 balance via the HPA axis and a set of immune mediators. This will make the body more vulnerable to external infections in a scientific way while others claim the opposite, stress could be considered immune stimulatory. The development of synthetic LXR ligands such as T0901317 and GW3965 as well as an understanding of the direct involvement of these receptors in the regulation of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression and indirectly by producing a variety of cytokines in a stressor response, will open in the near future new therapeutic methods against the undesirable effects of stress on the behavior of the immune system