American DREAMers

Third Plac

Wpływ idei jagiellońskich na walkę o polonizację i niezależność Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w XVIII i XIX w.

The article is about the influence of Jagiellonian Ideas on the struggle for Polonization and independence of the Jagiellonian University in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The research on this matter is not popular. The literature is also scarce. The analyses of specific events in the history of the Jagiellonian University highlighted the influence of the Jagiellonian ideas. The cross-cutting analysis of the whole partition period outlined the significant role of those ideas in the university’s history.Artykuł dotyczy wpływu idei jagiellońskich na walkę społeczności akademickiej o polonizację i niezależność Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w XVIII i XIX w. Badania w tym zakresie nie cieszą się dużą popularnością. Literatura przedmiotu jest uboga. Przeanalizowano konkretne wydarzenia z historii Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w celu wskazania wpływu idei jagiellońskich. Poprzez przekrojową analizę całego okresu zaborów uwypuklono istotną rolę owych idei w historii uczelni

TRAFFIC CONTROL AT PEDESTRIAN PRIORITY CROSSINGS WITH GUARANTEED LANE THROUGHPUT CAPACITY AS EXEMPLIFIED BY THE LEGAL REGULATIONS APPLICABLE IN POLAND

The article describes the problem of excessive traffic concentration at signalized pedestrian crossings. The main drawback of such crossings is the inappropriate duration of green signals for vehicles. Too long green times for vehicular traffic significantly increase time lost by pedestrians, while too short ones cause short-term congestion, resulting in long queues of vehicles and a deteriorated level of service. The negative effects of both of these situations also include dangerous behavior of road users, such as red light running or crossing. Recent (June 2021) changes in the road traffic law in Poland have privileged unprotected road users at pedestrian crossings. New models and technical and design standards proposed in this country (March 2021) recommend the installation of pedestrian priority crossings at particularly dangerous spots and in urban areas with a high proportion of pedestrian traffic. All this is done mainly for traffic-calming purposes. However, previously these measures were not a common practice in Poland. Therefore, the objective of this article was to develop a simple method of green signal timing, ensuring, firstly, priority to pedestrian traffic at such places, and, secondly, sustained capacity of vehicular traffic lanes. The developed models are practical, universal and easy to adapt in other countries. They ensure a very good or good quality of vehicle traffic service, with average lost time not exceeding 25 s in a vast majority of analyzed traffic level cases. The article also describes a traffic control algorithm dependent on traffic detection

Wprowadzenie standardu MSSF 16 oraz jego przewidywany wpływ na sytuację majątkową i finansową spółek notowanych na GPW

MSSF Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie są przewidywane zmiany średnich wartości EBITDA, dźwigni finansowej i sumy bilansowej, które będą miały miejsce po wpro- wadzeniu MSSF 16 oraz sprawdzenie, czy te zmiany będą jednakowe dla wszystkich spółek – a jeżeli nie, to w jakim stopniu będą od siebie różne. Badanie objęło 172 spółki notowane na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych (GPW) w Warszawie, jednak tylko w przypadku 23% z nich skonsolidowane sprawozdania finansowe zawierały wszystkie istotne informacje niezbędne do przeprowadzenia obliczeń. Obliczenia zostały przeprowadzone na bazie 80 skonsolidowanych sprawozdań finansowych opublikowanych za lata 2015–2016 sporządzonych przez 40 spółek kapitałowych, których akcje były notowane na GPW w War- szawie w momencie prowadzenia badań. Analizę przeprowadzono w podziale na spółki z następujących dziewięciu indeksów WIG: budownictwo, chemia, energia, informatyka, media, motoryzacja, nierucho- mości, paliwa oraz spożywczy. W ocenie autora na skutek przeprowadzonych badań udało się określić przewidywane zmiany poziomu EBITDA, dźwigni finansowej oraz sumy bilansowej, jak również przed- stawić różnice w kształtowaniu się tych zmian w podziale na spółki z powyższych indeksów

Kapitał ludzki Polski na tle państw Unii Europejskiej

Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badania mającego na celu diagnozę poziomu kapitału ludzkiego Polski na tle państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej (EU-27). Krytyczny przegląd literatury wskazał na duże znaczenie kapitału ludzkiego w rozwoju gospodarczym. Ujawnił znaczenie nie tylko poziomu, lecz także jakości kapitału ludzkiego w budowaniu gospodarek opartych na wiedzy. Przesądziło to o doborze zmiennych wykorzystanych do budowy indeksu kapitału ludzkiego w założeniu odzwierciedlającego cele strategii Europa 2020. Za pomocą metod taksonomicznych porządkowania liniowego zbudowano ranking państw dla roku 2022. Analizę hierarchiczną uzupełniono analizą skupień wykazującą podobieństwa kapitału ludzkiego między poszczególnymi państwami. Wyniki wskazują na relatywnie niskie zaawansowanie kapitału ludzkiego Polski. W rankingu 27 państw Polska zajmuje 18 pozycję. Jeśli chodzi o sąsiedztwo wyłonione na podstawie analizy skupień, Polsce najbliżej jest do kapitału ludzkiego Węgier oraz Czech. Wnioski z przeprowadzonego badania wskazują na potrzebę rozwoju kapitału ludzkiego w Polsce poprzez dalsze inwestycje i wdrażanie polityk mających na celu poprawę jego jakości

Thyroid dysfunction in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Underlying mechanisms and effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on thyroid hormone physiology and metabolism

peer reviewedaudience: researcher, professional, student, popularization, otherThe current study examines the effect of subchronic exposure to a mixture of Aroclor standards on thyroid hormone physiology and metabolism in juvenile sea bass. The contaminant mixture was formulated to reflect the persistent organic pollution to which the European sea bass population could conceivably be exposed (0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 g 7PCBs per g food pellets) and higher (10 g 7PCBs per g food pellets). After 120 days of exposure, histomorphometry of thyroid tissue, muscular thyroid hormone concentration and activity of enzymes involved in metabolism of thyroid hormones were assessed. Mean concentrations of 8, 86, 142, 214 and 2279 ng g−1 ww ( 7 ICES PCB congeners) were determined after 120 days exposure. The results show that the effects of PCB exposures on the thyroid system are dose-dependent. Exposure to environmentally relevant doses of PCB (0.3–1.0 g 7PCBs per g food pellets) induced a larger variability of the follicle diameter and stimulated hepatic T4 outer ring deiodinase. Muscular thyroid hormone levels were preserved thanks to the PCB induced changes in T4 dynamics. At 10 times higher concentrations (10 g 7PCBs per g food pellets) an important depression of T3 and T4 levels could be observed which are apparently caused by degenerative histological changes in the thyroid tissue

Exposure to synthetic hydraulic fracturing waste influences the mucosal bacterial community structure of the brook trout (<em>Salvelinus fontinalis</em>) epidermis

Production of natural gas using unconventional technologies has risen as demand for alternative fuels has increased. Impacts on the environment from waste generated from these processes are largely unexplored. In particular, the outcomes of organismal exposure to hydraulic fracturing waste have not been rigorously evaluated. We evaluated the effects of exposure to surrogate hydraulic fracturing waste (HF waste) on mucosal bacterial community structure of the brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) epidermis. Brook trout are fish native to streams at risk to HF waste exposure. Here, fish were exposed to four treatments (control, 0.00%; low, 0.01%; medium, 0.10%; and high, 1.0% concentrations) of surrogate HF waste synthesized to mimic concentrations documented in the field. Epidermal mucus samples were collected and assessed 15 days post-exposure to determine if the associated bacterial community varied among treatments. We observed differences in epidermal mucosal bacterial community composition at multiple taxonomic scales among treatments. These community changes reflected compositional differences in taxa dominance and community similarity rather than losses or gains in taxonomic richness. The dominant bacterial genus that explained the greatest variation in community structure between exposed and unexposed fish was Flavobacterium. Two genera associated with salmonid diseases, Flavobacterium and Pseudomonas, were statistically more abundant in high treatments than controls. These results suggest that exposure to low levels of HF waste influences bacterial colonization and may lead to a disruption that favors bacterial populations associated with fish disease

The conviction of self-efficacy and midwives’ education

AbstractThe interest in scientific research of the self-efficacy phenomenon provides new data and reveals further relationships between this phenomenon and the functioning of the individual in the society. The Albert Bandura’s socio-cognitive theory presents its important and the most popular theoretical construct - self-efficacy, which is a part of the cognitive components of personality. It is an assessment of the individual's competences, its conviction about the possibility of managing planned activities in a given field. Studies on the relationship between coping with the learning process and self-efficacy seem to be particularly interesting. In the analysis of the problem, there are a number of personality variables that could be important for undertaking and continuing education and training in adulthood, which is particularly important among people performing medical professions, including midwives. Motivation, conscientiousness, conviction about self-efficacy or cognitive abilities are mentioned in literature of the subject

Pregnancy after the age of 35 as a pregnancy of high obstetric risk – the demand for education

AbstractThe age is the basic factor influencing the woman's fertility. The older woman is, the biological fertility is reduced. A  woman reaches the maximum fertility at the age of 20-25 years, after which fertility gradually decreases, until the age of 35, when it drastically decreases.Late motherhood is associated with an increased risk of complications for woman and developing fetus’s health. Pregnancy after the age of 35 is considered a high-risk pregnancy since the possibility of the development of abnormalities in the functioning of the woman's body and the course of pregnancy and childbirth.The phenomenon of postponing motherhood for a time when a woman acquires a good education and a stable financial situation requires undertaking educational and information activities about the biological, psychological and social consequences of late motherhood. It is definitely better to plan maternity at the most optimal age to minimize the risk of pregnancy and health of the child complications