Overcoming the survivor\u27s syndrome: Current theories and practices

Due to the current economical times [e.g. the economic depression and millions of jobs cut from the American workforce], the current literature review had two main goals. First, the current literature aimed to not only define the term the survivor\u27s syndrome and the term\u27s history, but also to provide a comprehensive review of the literature surrounding the survivor\u27s syndrome. The survivor\u27s syndrome as defined within the literature is described as the set of emotional and attitudinal characteristics shared by those who have survived a reduction. After reviewing over 60 articles, about 20 articles are presented revealing three main consequences [feelings of job insecurity; injustice and mistrust; and stress and burnout] employees experience due to the survivor\u27s syndrome. The second goal of the current literature review is aimed at providing suggestions and recommendations based in research and theory towards overcoming the particular outcomes of the survivor\u27s syndrome. For example, to overcome job insecurity, companies should provide necessary skills, technical and employee training to build confidence in employees with many new responsibilities. This may also reduce stress and burnout. Further examples are provided within the literature. Overall, the current literature review not only defines and further explains the survivor\u27s syndrome but also provides suggestions and recommendations to researchers, practitioners, and companies in order to overcome the survivor\u27s syndrome to ultimately retain current employees

CONTRIBUTION TO ASSESSING CROSS-LINKING OF PROTEIN HYDROLYZATE WITH DIEPOXIDES

This work summarizes the influence exerted on cross-linking of protein hydrolyzate obtained through enzymatic hydrolysis of chrome-tanned leather shavings, by means of diepoxides (1,2:3,4 diepoxybutane and 1,2:7,8 diepoxyoctane). Attention was given to preparation of cross-linked samples, their solubility, intrinsic viscosity and IR spectra. Suitable conditions for cross-linking were found at pH = 9 and 25? C temperature. Solubility of samples decreased proportionately with increasing concentrations of cross-linking agent. Viscosity measurements yielded best results in 1M KCl solution. Determining intrinsic viscosity indices proved this value was influenced more by the approach of the gelation point than by the epoxide content. IR spectra demonstrated that in the region of wave numbers 838, 912 and 1,250 cm-1, peaks of epoxide groups of employed pure cross-linking agents coincide with similar peaks of other groups of cross-linked samples; peaks of epoxide bonds at the mentioned wave numbers are discernible only with highest employed concentrations of cross-linking agents. Future research will address examining various epoxy groups, employing di- or multifunctional amines and determining critical gelation conversions and critical stoichiometric ratios of defined substances.RESUMENEste trabajo resume la influencia ejercida sobre la reticulación de la proteína hidrolizada obtenida por medio de la hidrólisis enzimática de virutas de cuero curtidas al cromo, por medio de di-epoxidos (1,2:3,4 di-epoxi-butano y 1,2:7,8 di-epoxi-octano). Se prestó atención a la preparación de las muestras reticuladas, su solubilidad, su viscosidad intrínseca y su espectro IR. Las condiciones convenientes para el reticulado fueron encontradas a pH= 9 y 25oC de temperatura. La solubilidad de las muestras disminuyó proporcionalmente con el aumento de la concentración del agente reticulante. Las viscosidades medidas dieron mejores resultados en la solución del 1M KCl. La determinación de los índices de viscosidad intrínseca probó que este valor fue influído más por el acercamiento del punto de gelación que por el contenido del epóxido. Los espectros IR demostraron que en la región de los números de onda 838, 912 y 1.250 cm-1, picos de los grupos de epóxido de reticulantes puros empleados coinciden con los picos similares de otros grupos de muestras reticuladas; los picos de los enlaces de epóxido en los números mencionados de onda son perceptibles solamente con el empleo de concentraciones más altas de agentes de reticulado. La investigación futura se dirigirá al examen de varios grupos epoxi, empleando di-aminas o aminas multifuncionales y determinando conversiones de gelación críticas y cocientes estoiquiométricos críticos de sustancias definidas

Precise calibration method for triaxial magnetometers not requiring Earth's field compensation

A calibration procedure for calibrations of triaxial magnetometers is presented. The procedure uses a triaxial Helmholtz coil system and an Overhauser scalar magnetometer and is performed in the an Earth's field range. The triaxial coils are firstly calibrated with the help of the Overhauser magnetometer and subsequently a calibration of a digital triaxial magnetometer calibration is performed. As opposed to other approaches, neither Earth’s field nulling system is needed, nor are movements of the magnetometer are needed. A real calibration test was carried out and the extended uncertainty was better than 430 ppm in sensitivity and 0.06 degrees in orthogonality

Testing Aerobic Degredation of the Protein Portion of Filter Cake afer Filtration of Chrome Tanned Waste

An example of utilizing tanning waste as a secondary raw material is enzymatic hydrolysis of chrome shavings, the result of which is collagen hydrolysate (commercially applicable ) and filter cake containing hydrated Cr2O3 contaminated with collagen residues. With a view to further potential utilisation of chrome cake, the content of collagen portion has to be reduced to a minimum. A possible solution, the subject of this presented work, is removal of the collagen portion through aerobic biological degradation in an aqueous or soil environment. This process was examined by means of biochemical oxygen consumption (standard CSN EN ISO 9408) and carbon dioxide production expressed as a percentage of theoretical production (standard ASTM 5209-92). The source of micro organisms was the commercially produced soil substrate and a soil extract prepared there from for inoculating aqueous environment. Using the described conditions, it was found that the collagen portion is removed from aqueous environment by 83% and from the soil by 58% (in approximately 80 hours). Due to its insolubility, chromic oxide does not exhibit toxic influence.Un ejemplo de utilización de los residuos curtidos como una materia prima secundaria es la hidrólisis enzimática de las virutas de cromo, el resultado es el colágeno hidrolizado (comercialmente aplicable) y una torta de filtro que contiene Cr2O3 hidratado contaminado con residuos de colágeno. Con el objeto de la utilización potencial adicional de la torta de cromo, el contenido de colágeno tiene que ser reducido a un mínimo. Una posible solución, que es el tema de este presente trabajo, es la remoción de la porción de colágeno a través de la degradación biológica aeróbica en un ambiente acuoso o de suelo. Este proceso se examinó por medio del consumo de oxígeno bioquímico (Norma CSN EN ISO 9408) y la producción del anhídrido carbónico expresada como un porcentaje de producción teórica (Norma ASTM 5209-92). La fuente de microorganismos fue el substrato de tierra producido comercialmente y un extracto de tierra preparados allí por inoculación del ambiente acuoso. Usando las condiciones descriptas, fue encontrado que la porción de colágeno es removida del ambiente acuoso por 83% y de la tierra por 58% (en aproximadamente 80 horas). Debido a su insolubilidad, el óxido crómico no exhibe influencia tóxica

Determination of the Overhauser magnetometer uncertainty

Overhauser magnetometers are the basic instruments for scalar measurements; however, their accuracy is determined at the time of manufacture only. Because of various effects affecting the gyromagnetic ratio of the used fluid or the stability of the oscillators in the circuitry, their accuracy should be verified during the instrument lifetime. Specific methodology of data processing and determination of the Overhauser magnetometer uncertainty is described in this paper

Intentional Foreign Body Ingestion: A Complex Case of Pica

Intentional ingestion of foreign objects, a form of self-injurious behavior, is rarely discussed in the medical literature but often requires extensive evaluation, management, and resources. It can be especially problematic for gastroenterologists, who are often consulted for removal of the foreign body. Pica is the psychiatric diagnosis for intentional ingestion of nonnutritive objects and is most commonly seen in prison inmates and those diagnosed with intellectual disability or psychiatric illness. This case report presents a challenging case of pica, highlighting the complexity involved in diagnosis and the need for early psychiatric intervention. It also aims to provide a general review of the literature and practical recommendations to assist with managing this form of self-injurious behavior in the inpatient setting. Collaborative efforts among specialties in addition to primary prevention are vital to successful management of these patients

Nanocrystalline Y2O3-modified metal matrix composite coatings with improved resistance to thermocyclic oxidation and V2O5-induced type II hot corrosion

Incorporating reactive elements (RE) into turbine coatings is a well-established surface treatment. However, suboptimal RE concentrations can lead to compromised strength, heightened brittleness, and reduced adhesion. In contrast, RE oxides offer advantages of avoiding these detrimental effects, counteracting corrosion phenomena induced by V2O5 compounds and enhancing oxidation resistance. A notable challenge lies in optimizing RE oxide particle incorporation and understanding the influence of particles in coating microstructures. This study focuses on developing Nisingle bondAl and Ni-Cr-Al type metal matrix composite (MMC) coatings on Inconel 617 (IN617), containing up to 11 vol% of Yttria (Y2O3) nanoparticles. Y2O3 nanoparticles and Ni were co-electrodeposited on IN617 followed by either pack aluminizing or a two-step chromizing and aluminizing process. An even distribution of Y2O3 nanoparticles was observed throughout the entire 100 μm coating thickness, leading to significant grain refinement in the sub-micron to nano range in both coating types. Y2O3-strengthened coatings were subjected to oxidation at 1100 °C and hot corrosion at 700 °C and were compared to their Y2O3-free counterparts. Present at grain boundaries, Y2O3 markedly enhanced the oxidation and corrosion resistance by reducing interdiffusion, improving the oxide scale adherence and binding V2O5, highlighting the potential of this method for advanced turbine blade coatings