Interaction of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis with polystyrene does not correlate with virulence in young chickens

Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis are the most frequently isolated serotypes in human and animal Salmonella infections. The in vitro surface colonization characteristics of S.typhimurium L1388 and S. enteritidis L1225 on hydrophobic surfaces were assessed with a view tounderstanding their surface preference in relation to in vivo virulence. Although both S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis preferentially colonized polystyrene under normal nutrient-rich growth medium, S.typhimurium formed significantly (P < 0.05: P = 0.000008) smaller amounts of biofilm than S.enteritidis. The biofilm formed on polystyrene was optimum at different times, 200 min and 400 min for S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium, respectively. S. typhimurium also formed significantly (P < 0.05)less biofilm than S. enteritidis when the growth medium was supplemented with 100 mM each ofeither D-(+)-mannose (P = 0.0001), D-(+)-glucose (P = 0.0005), D-(-)-mannitol (P = 0.00002) or xylose (P= 00009). Biofilms formed by S. enteritidis following growth in sugar-supplemented medium were not significantly different from that following growth in non-supplemented medium; but significant (

Evaluation of the microbiological quality and stability of folic acid tablets formulated with sorghum starch

The objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological quality and stability of folic acid tablets formulated with sorghum starch as a binder and to compare them with folic acid tablets formulated with corn starch BP, a standard binder. The microbiological quality of the starches, the formulated granules and folic acid tablets prepared by wet granulation, at specific periods of time under varying temperature and humidity conditions was investigated. Results indicated that maize starch had a level of microbial contaminants, comparable with the locally extracted sorghum starch. The level of microbial contamination, which was higher when non-sterile distilled water was used as the diluting medium than when sterile distilled water was employed, was shown to be dependent onboth the temperature and relative humidity, with high humidity supporting microbial growth in the products. Folic acid tablets formulated with the two different starches exhibited lower level of microbial contaminants than the raw corn and sorgum starches, indicating possible denaturation of themainly vegetative organisms during tableting. Further bioevaluation is advocated to assess the effect of compression during tableting on the level of microbial contamination.Keywords: Folic acid, stability, sorgum starch, microbioligical quality, tablets