Irony, and Other Literary Techniques, in the Fourth Gospel

This paper deals with Johannine-Synoptic differences. Since the problem is multifarious, this paper will be limited to basic dissimilarities and how they might be resolved. Toward this end an understanding of John’s use of irony, and other literary techniques, might help

Core handling and processing for the WAIS Divide ice-core project

On 1 December 2011 the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) Divide ice-core project reached its final depth of 3405 m. The WAIS Divide ice core is not only the longest US ice core to date, but is also the highest-quality deep ice core, including ice from the brittle ice zone, that the US has ever recovered. The methods used at WAIS Divide to handle and log the drilled ice, the procedures used to safely retrograde the ice back to the US National Ice Core Laboratory (NICL) and the methods used to process and sample the ice at the NICL are described and discussed

Evidence for solar cycles in a late Holocene speleothem record from Dongge Cave, China

The association between solar activity and Asian monsoon (AM) remains unclear. Here we evaluate the possible connection between them based on a precisely-dated, high-resolution speleothem oxygen isotope record from Dongge Cave, southwest China during the past 4.2 thousand years (ka). Without being adjusted chronologically to the solar signal, our record shows a distinct peak-to-peak correlation with cosmogenic nuclide 14C, total solar irradiance (TSI) and sunspot number (SN) at multi-decadal to centennial timescales. Further cross-wavelet analyses between our calcite δ18O and atmospheric 14C show statistically strong coherence at three typical periodicities of ~80, 200 and 340 years, suggesting important roles of solar activities in modulating AM changes at those timescales. Our result has further indicated a better correlation between our calcite δ18O record and atmospheric 14C than between our record and TSI. This better correlation may imply that the Sun–monsoon connection is dominated most likely by cosmic rays and oceanic circulation (both associated to atmospheric 14C), instead of the direct solar heating (TSI)

Interactions between the night time valley-wind system and a developing cold-air pool

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Boundary-Layer Meteorology following peer review. The version of record [Arduini, G., Staquet, C & Chemel, C., ‘Interactions between the night time valley-wind system and a developing cold-air pool’, Boundary-Layer Meteorol (2016) 161:1 (49-72), first published online June 2, 2016, is available at Springer online at doi: 10.1007/s10546-016-0155-8The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) numerical model is used to characterize the influence of a thermally-driven down-valley flow on a developing cold-air pool in an idealized alpine valley decoupled from the atmosphere above. Results for a three-dimensional (3D) valley, which allows for the formation of a down-valley flow, and for a two-dimensional (2D) valley, where the formation of a down-valley flow is inhibited, are analyzed and compared. A key result is that advection leads to a net cooling in the 2D valley and to a warming in the 3D valley, once the down-valley flow is fully developed. This difference stems from the suppression of the slope-flow induced upward motions over the valley centre in the 3D valley. As a result, the downslope flows develop a cross-valley circulation within the cold-air pool, the growth of the cold-air pool is reduced and the valley atmosphere is generally warmer than in the 2D valley. A quasi-steady state is reached for which the divergence of the down-valley flow along the valley is balanced by the convergence of the downslope flows at the top of the cold-air pool, with no net contribution of subsiding motions far from the slope layer. More precisely, the inflow of air at the top of the cold-air pool is found to be driven by an interplay between the return flow from the plain region and subsidence over the plateaux. Finally, the mechanisms that control the structure of the cold-air pool and its evolution are found to be independent of the valley length as soon as the quasi-steady state is reached and the down-valley flow is fully developed.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Telegram from Pat M. Neff, Jr. and Hallie Maude Neff Wilcox to Amon Carter and Family

Telegram from Pat M. Neff, Jr. and Hallie Maude Neff Wilcox to Amon Carter and Family upon the death of Amon Giles Carter. The telegram expresses condolences about his death.https://mavmatrix.uta.edu/specialcollections_meachamcarterpapers/1358/thumbnail.jp

Observation of a biaxial nematic phase in potassium laurate-1-decanol-water mixtures

[[abstract]]The phase diagram of the ternary system potassium laurate-1-decanol-D2O was studied over concentration ranges where nematic phases are likely to occur. Two uniaxial nematic phases which are separated by a biaxial nematic phase are found. In limited concentration range the following phase sequence may be observed reversibly on heating and on cooling: isotropic-uniaxial nematic (positive optical anisotropy)-biaxial nematic-uniaxial nematic (negative optical anisotropy)-biaxial nematic-uniaxial nematic (positive optical anisotropy)-isotropic.[[incitationindex]]SCI[[booktype]]紙本[[booktype]]電子

Ultraviolet and Infrared Diagnostics of Star Formation and Dust in NGC 7331

We present images of NGC 7331 obtained with GALEX and Spitzer, tracing UV and IR signatures of star formation. NGC 7331's morphology at 8-850 μm is dominated by a central dust ring. This structure is a vigorous site of star formation (hosting one-third of the present activity) but remains inconspicuous in our GALEX UV imagery. Radial profile analysis and photometry for discrete UV- and UV+IR-selected substructures indicate a decline in UV extinction with increasing galactocentric distance, although highly attenuated star-forming regions can be found throughout the disk. UV-optical surface brightness profiles suggest a recent birthrate parameter (b_8) that is highest in the outer part of the disk, even though the local star formation intensity peaks in the ring. Bolometric luminosity and UV attenuation are correlated in substructures on 0.4 kpc scales, with a relationship similar to that established for starburst galaxies. The distribution of substructures in L(IR)/L(FUV), L_λ(FUV)/L_λ(NUV) space suggests that the majority of the disk is best characterized by Milky Way-type dust, with the exception of sources in the star-forming ring. As found by Calzetti et al. in M51, the observed 8 and 24 μm luminosity for substructures in NGC 7331 are correlated, showing a decline in L_ν(8 μm)/L_ν(24 μm) with increasing luminosity. We demonstrate the dependence of L_ν(8 μm)/L_ν(24 μm) on the local extinction-corrected Hα surface brightness (hence current Σ_(SFR)). A power law of slope 1.64 (1.87) accurately describes the Schmidt-law relation versus Σ_(H_2) (Σ_(gas)) for molecular-dominated environments. The same locations show no correlation between Σ_(SFR) and Σ_(HI). For atomic-dominated regions above an apparent local star formation threshold, we found a trend for increasing Σ_(SFR) at higher Σ_(HI) , although the Schmidt-law correlation with molecular-only surface density persists in areas dominated by atomic gas

Behavioral Modernity and the Cultural Transmission of Structured Information: The Semantic Axelrod Model

Cultural transmission models are coming to the fore in explaining increases in the Paleolithic toolkit richness and diversity. During the later Paleolithic, technologies increase not only in terms of diversity but also in their complexity and interdependence. As Mesoudi and O'Brien (2008) have shown, selection broadly favors social learning of information that is hierarchical and structured, and multiple studies have demonstrated that teaching within a social learning environment can increase fitness. We believe that teaching also provides the scaffolding for transmission of more complex cultural traits. Here, we introduce an extension of the Axelrod (1997} model of cultural differentiation in which traits have prerequisite relationships, and where social learning is dependent upon the ordering of those prerequisites. We examine the resulting structure of cultural repertoires as learning environments range from largely unstructured imitation, to structured teaching of necessary prerequisites, and we find that in combination with individual learning and innovation, high probabilities of teaching prerequisites leads to richer cultural repertoires. Our results point to ways in which we can build more comprehensive explanations of the archaeological record of the Paleolithic as well as other cases of technological change.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to "Learning Strategies and Cultural Evolution during the Paleolithic", edited by Kenichi Aoki and Alex Mesoudi, and presented at the 79th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Austin TX. Revised 5/14/1